Biomimetic Localized Gel Electrolyte for Practical Zinc Anode.

Incompatible electrode/electrolyte interface often leads to dendrite growth, parasitic reactions and corrosion, posing significant challenges to the application of Zn anodes. Herein, we introduce a biomimetic antifreeze protein localized gel electrolyte (ALGE) with multifunctional capabilities to address these issues by combining electrolyte modification with interface optimization. ALGE modifies the Zn2+ solvation structure and the hydrogen-bond network adjacent to zinc anode, effectively suppressing hydrogen evolution.

Rolling of stimuli-bent cylindrical robots using contact finite element simulations.

Curved cylinders, if rigid, cannot roll on a surface like straight cylinders, but soft cylinders bent by specific stimuli can! Studying the autonomous locomotion of these soft robots and their interactions with the environment using finite element analysis is challenging due to the complex multiphysics of stimuli-responsive soft materials and nonlinear contact mechanics. In this pioneering work, we simulate the rolling of stimuli-bent cylinders on a surface using contact finite elements and introduce a simple yet effective pseudo-thermal field method. Our approach successfully reproduces several modes of autonomous locomotion observed experimentally, including phototropic locomotion, phototropic climbing on a slanted surface, steering under partial illumination, and backward rolling under alternating heat-light stimuli.

Promoted Translocation of Perfluorooctanoic Acid across the Blood-Retinal Barrier due to its Inhibition of Tight Junction Assembly by Antagonizing LPAR1.

Eye health is becoming a significant public health concern, and a recent epidemiological investigation suggested that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a so-called forever chemical, was correlated with decreased human visual acuity; however, it remains unknown whether PFOA can pass through the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) to cause visual toxicity. In this study, the mice received a 28-day subchronic oral exposure to PFOA. The results of spatial mass spectrometry imaging indicated that the eye-enriched PFOA dispersed into the subretina primarily through the outer BRB (oBRB), which subsequently resulted in significantly increased apoptosis and decreased thickness of multiple oBRB-associated layers.

Association between red cell distribution width to albumin ratio and all-cause mortality in patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to the intensive care unit: a retrospective study based on the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Red blood cell volume distribution width (RDW) and albumin (Alb) have been proved to be predictors of mortality in various diseases, such as acute pancreatitis (AP). However, until now the relationship between RDW to Alb ratio (RAR) and mortality in AP has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the relationship between RAR and all-cause mortality in AP.

Different lysine-to-methionine ratios in a low-protein diet affect the microbiome and metabolome, influencing the jejunal barrier function in Tibetan sheep.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the dietary lysine (Lys)/ methionine (Met) ratio in a low-protein diet on short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles, villus morphology, antioxidant capacity, and immune status of the jejunum in Tibetan sheep.

Methods: A total of 90 weaned Tibetan sheep, each 2 months old with an initial weight of 15.37 ± 0.

Preparation of Highly Antibacterial Polyethersulfone/Sulfonated Polyethersulfone Blend Composite Membrane and Research on Its Dye Separation Performance.

Bringing sulfonic acid groups into conventional polyethersulfone (PES) materials to prepare PES/sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES) composite membranes has been shown to markedly enhance the hydrophilicity of the membranes and boost their separation efficiency in water treatment applications. However, membrane fouling due to microbial activity remains a critical challenge in the practical use of these membranes. Despite this, research into the antibacterial capabilities of PES/SPES composite membranes is scarce.

Early Prediction of Death Risk in Progressive Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Using Radiomics Nomogram Based on Clinical Semantic Multi-Parameter Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Patients with recurrent or/and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have a notably low survival rate. Our primary objective in this study is to establish a comprehensive nomogram model based on clinical factors, semantic features, and multi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomic features, and to predict the risk of mortality in patients with progressive NPC following intensity-modulated radiation therapy. A retrospective study, including 110 patients with recurrent or/and metastatic NPC who underwent treatment at the Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between June 2012 and December 2016, was conducted.

The Tolerance Differences of Two Industrial Hemp Varieties Under Lead (Pb) Stress.

Industrial hemp is a crop with a high tolerance and accumulation of lead (Pb). Improving the Pb tolerance and accumulation capacity of industrial hemp is of great scientific and practical importance. This study utilized a pot with soil contaminated with Pb to investigate the differences in Pb tolerance between two industrial hemp varieties, Yunma1 (YM) and Shaanxi Industrial Hemp (SM), under Pb stress.

Marine-Derived Diterpenes from 2019 to 2024: Structures, Biological Activities, Synthesis and Potential Applications.

Marine diterpenes are an important category of secondary metabolites derived from marine sources, found in a variety of marine animals, plants, and fungi. The increasing diversity of diterpene compounds, along with their unique chemical structures and specific biological activities, have attracted widespread attention. These activities include anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitumor, antibacterial effects, and therapeutic actions against cancer, with many already developed into clinical drugs.

Facile Synthesis of Polymeric Nanoprobes for Actively Targeted and High-Performance MR/CT Dual-Modal Imaging of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

This study reports a facile approach for the green synthesis of a high-performance magnetic resonance/computed tomography (MR/CT) dual-modal imaging nanoprobe. The probe, designated as NPs-TCZ, is synthesized via one-step self-assembly of two amphiphilic block copolymers, namely, PEG-DTIPA-TCZ and pal-GGGGHHHHD. The NPs-TCZ exhibits a high longitudinal relaxivity (9.

Exploring the mechanisms of Shugan-Jieyu-Jianpi formula against irritable bowel syndrome combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by network pharmacology and experimental validation.

The study was aimed to investigate the clinical effect and mechanism of Shugan-Jieyu-Jianpi (SGJYJP) formula for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The clinical efficacy of SGJYJP was evaluated in 54 patients with IBS-NAFLD. The potential molecular mechanism of SGJYJP formula was investigated by network pharmacology.

Quantitative descriptive analysis, non-targeted metabolomics and molecular docking reveal the dynamic aging and taste formation mechanism in raw Pu-erh tea during the storage.

Natural storage promotes raw Pu-erh tea (RaPT) aging along with chemical conversion and flavor evolution. In this study, quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) and UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS-based non-targeted metabolomics were performed to illustrate dynamic changes of taste compounds across 18 RaPT samples during the storage. Multivariate statistical analyses effectively classified stored RaPT into three groups based on storage stages, confirming that storage duration, rather than environmental conditions, primarily influences the taste profile and the changes in non-volatile compounds.

Decreased miR-128-3p in serum exosomes from polycystic ovary syndrome induces ferroptosis in granulosa cells via the p38/JNK/SLC7A11 axis through targeting CSF1.

Increasing evidence suggests that non-coding small RNAs (miRNAs) carried by exosomes (EXOs) play important roles in the development and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this study, we demonstrate that PCOS mouse serum-derived EXOs promote granulosa cells (GCs) ferroptosis, and induce the occurrence of a PCOS-like phenotype in vivo. Notably, EXO miRNA sequencing combined with in vitro gain- and loss-of-function assays revealed that miR-128-3p, which is absent in the serum-derived EXOs of mice with PCOS, regulates lipid peroxidation and GC sensitivity to ferroptosis inducers.

Unveiling spatial heterogeneity in medulloblastoma: a multi-omics analysis of cellular state and geographical organization.

Background: Despite numerous studies on medulloblastoma (MB) cell heterogeneity, the spatial characteristics of cellular states remain unclear.

Methods: We analyze single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomes and chromatin accessibility from human MB spanning four subgroups, to identify malignant cell populations and describe the spatial evolutionary trajectories. The spatial CNVs patterns and niches were analyzed to investigate the cellular interactions.

De-SUMO1ylated hexokinase 1 selectively degraded by ubiquitin-proteasome pathway promotes boar sperm capacitation in vitro.

This study investigates the effect of de-SUMOylated hexokinase 1 (HK1) degradation on sperm capacitation in vitro. Sperm from adult Landrace pigs was divided into three groups: non-capacitated group, capacitated group, and 16 mM 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) group. Immunoprecipitation was performed to detect the binding levels of HK1 and small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 (SUMO1) before and after capacitation.

CsNAC17 enhances resistance to by interacting with CsbHLH62 in .

The pathogen causes anthracnose, a serious threat to tea trees around the world, particularly in warm and humid regions. RNA-Seq data have previously indicated NAC transcription factors are involved in anthracnose resistance, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The BiFC, Split-LUC, and Co-IP assays validated the interaction between CsbHLH62 and CsNAC17 identified through yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening.

Development of novel bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate-based magnetic deep eutectic solvent for the highly efficient enrichment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from environmental water and milk samples.

In this study, a new type of magnetic deep eutectic solvent (MDES) based on a novel non-ionic hydrogen bond acceptor of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, as well as heptanol and CoCl, was synthesized with low viscosity, certain magnetism, and hydrophobicity. Subsequently, a vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on the MDES was developed to analyze five non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) followed by HPLC-UV. Due to the unique properties of MDES, it can spontaneously float onto surface of the sample solution and gather together after extraction, thereby omitting the time-consuming centrifugation process.

Patient-Derived Bladder Cancer Organoids as a Valuable Tool for Understanding Tumor Biology and Developing Personalized Treatment.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease with high recurrence rates and variable treatment responses. To address these clinical challenges, the world's first bladder cancer patient-derived organoids (PDOs) biobank is established based on an Asian population. Thirty-six BC-PDOs are generated from 56 patients and demonstrated that the BC-PDOs can replicate the histological and genomic features of parental tumors.

Fraxetin inhibits IKKβ, blocks NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and alleviates spleen injury in sepsis.

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory condition associated with severe organ failure, particularly splenic injury. Fraxetin (Fra), a natural product isolated from ash bark, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study explores the function and mechanism of Fra in sepsis-induced splenic injury using an in vivo mouse model induced by Cecal Ligation and Puncture and an in vitro sepsis model based on LPS/ATP co-stimulated J774A.

Construction of a Subcutaneous Fat Transplantation Model Infected with Mycobacterium.

Introduction: Fat grafting procedures for body contouring and cosmetic reconstruction have received widespread attention.

Method: In recent years, there has been an increase in post-fat grafting infections caused by Mycobacterium abscessus (MA), and there is a lack of representative and standardized murine models of infection; therefore, there has been limited research on the treatment of post-fat grafting MA infections. To overcome this challenge, we constructed an MA infection model after fat grafting.

Same data, different analysts: variation in effect sizes due to analytical decisions in ecology and evolutionary biology.

Although variation in effect sizes and predicted values among studies of similar phenomena is inevitable, such variation far exceeds what might be produced by sampling error alone. One possible explanation for variation among results is differences among researchers in the decisions they make regarding statistical analyses. A growing array of studies has explored this analytical variability in different fields and has found substantial variability among results despite analysts having the same data and research question.

The nonanol/surfactant directed self-assembly supramoleculars heat-shrinkable tubing liquid phase microextraction for determination of flavonoids in natural products combined with high performance liquid chromatography.

In this paper, a supramolecular heat-shrinkable tubing liquid phase microextraction was developed for the enrichment and determination of flavonoids. The nonanol adsorbed by the heat-shrinkable tubing could induce the surfactant in aqueous solution to self-assembly on its surface, and formed nonanol/CTAB supramolecules in a directional arrangement. The supramolecules structure enhanced the enrichment efficiency of five flavonoids.

hydrolysis of V-type starch inclusion complexes of alkyl gallates: the controlled two-step release behavior of gallic acid and its beneficial effect on glycemic control.

The heat treatment method was used to synthesize starch inclusion complexes from starch and short-chain alkyl gallates (a typical representative of phenololipids), such as butyl gallate, propyl gallate, ethyl gallate and methyl gallate. In an everted rat gut sac model, HPLC-UV analysis revealed that the released alkyl gallates from inclusion complexes were degraded to produce gallic acid. Gallic acids (0.

Exogenous Coreactant-Free Electrocatalytic Reactive Oxygen Species-Driven Dual-Signal Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemiluminescence Sensor for the Detection of Trenbolone.

Conventional dual-signal electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensors feature high sensitivity and reliability, but the involvement of coreactants inevitably results in a complex configuration and shows reproducibility risk. Here, we propose an exogenous coreactant-free dual-signal platform, comprising luminol (anodic luminophore), CdSe quantum dots (cathodic luminophore), and CoO/TiC electrocatalyst (coreaction promoter). At different redox potentials, CoO/TiC induces water oxidation and oxygen reduction to produce OH and O radicals, which subsequently drive cathodic and anodic ECL emission, respectively.