Direct detection Φ-OTDR based on UWFBG array using linear-phase-modulated double-pulse.

We propose what we believe to be a novel direct detection phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) based on ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating (UWFBG) array to achieve distributed vibration measurements with exceptional sensitivity and remarkable stability. Our system employs a pulse modulator to generate a double pulse and achieves linear phase modulation of one pulse by one cycle through a phase modulator. The phase change can be quantitatively demodulated using our proposed N-step phase-shifted demodulation algorithm.

Non-mass-type ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast on ultrasound: Features and pathological analysis.

Aims: The aims of this study were to investigate the ultrasound features of non-mass-type ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast and conduct a pathological analysis.

Material And Methods: Ultrasound images of 32 cases of non-mass-type DCIS of the breast, collected between September 2014 and June 2016, were analyzed. The characteristics of the lesions, including border, internal echogenicity, local glandular hyperplasia, micro-calcification, and intra-tumoral blood flow resistance index (RI), were analyzed, and a concurrent pathological analysis was conducted.

A Genome-Wide Comparison of Rice False Smut Fungus Albino Strain LN02 Reveals the Genetic Diversity of Secondary Metabolites and the Cause of Albinism.

Rice false smut (RFS) caused by (anamorph: ) has become one of the most destructive fungal diseases to decrease the yield and quality of rice grains. An albino strain LN02 was isolated from the white RFS balls collected in the Liaoning Province of China in 2019. The strain LN02 was considered as a natural albino mutant of by analyzing its phenotypes, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) conserved sequence, and biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs) for secondary metabolites.

Location deviation correction method based on cross-correlation spectrum in OFDR.

A location deviation compensation algorithm based on cross-correlation spectrum is proposed for optical frequency domain reflection (OFDR) measurement. The strain and the imperfect repeatability of the laser source may cause a location deviation of the OFDR measurement system, resulting in a demodulation error. This paper proposes to use the peak-to-average ratio (PAR) to measure the quality of the correlation results and achieve compensation, which achieves efficient compensation for location deviation.

Hybrid Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor for the Multi-Parameter Measurements.

Distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFSs) are a promising technology for their unique advantage of long-distance distributed measurements in industrial applications. In recent years, modern industrial monitoring has called for comprehensive multi-parameter measurements to accurately identify fault events. The hybrid DOFS technology, which combines the Rayleigh, Brillouin, and Raman scattering mechanisms and integrates multiple DOFS systems in a single configuration, has attracted growing attention and has been developed rapidly.

The Impact of Rayleigh Scattering in UWFBG Array-Based Φ-OTDR and Its Suppression Method.

Ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating (UWFBG) array-based phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) utilizes the interference interaction between the reference light and the reflected light from the broadband gratings for sensing. It significantly improves the performance of the distributed acoustic sensing system (DAS) because the intensity of the reflected signal is much higher than that of the Rayleigh backscattering. This paper shows that Rayleigh backscattering (RBS) has become one of the primary noise sources in the UWFBG array-based Φ-OTDR system.

Effects of Carbon, Nitrogen, Ambient pH and Light on Mycelial Growth, Sporulation, Sorbicillinoid Biosynthesis and Related Gene Expression in .

Sorbicillinoids are a class of hexaketide metabolites produced by (teleomorph: ), an important fungal pathogen that causes a devastating rice disease. In this study, we investigated the effects of environmental factors, including carbon and nitrogen sources, ambient pH and light exposure, on mycelial growth, sporulation, as well as the accumulation of sorbicillinoids, and the expression of related genes involved in sorbicillinoid biosynthesis. It was found that the environmental factors had great influences on mycelial growth and sporulation of .

Distributed dynamic strain measurement with a direct detection scheme by using a three-step-phase-shifted double pulse in a UWFBG array.

We demonstrate a stable homodyne phase demodulation method with a double pulse based on an ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating (UWFBG) array. The technique divides one of the probe pulses into three sections and introduces successive 2π/3 phase differences into each section. By using a simple direct detection scheme, it can achieve distributed and quantitative vibration measurement along the UWFBG array.

KCNK9 mediates the inhibitory effects of genistein on hepatic metastasis from colon cancer.

Objective: The tyrosine-protein kinase inhibitor, genistein, can inhibit cell malignant transformation and has an antitumor effect on various types of cancer. It has been shown that both genistein and KNCK9 can inhibit colon cancer. This research aimed to investigate the suppressive effects of genistein on colon cancer cells and the association between the application of genistein and KCNK9 expression level.

Effect of germination pretreatment on the physicochemical properties and lipid concomitants of flaxseed oil.

This study investigated the effects of germination pretreatment on the physicochemical properties, lipid concomitants, and antioxidant activity of flaxseed oil in three varieties. The results indicated that the oil content of flaxseed decreased by 2.29-7.

Investigating the effect of gene on tumor growth in gastric cancer in a nude mouse model using quantitative MRI parameters.

Background: The quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters were initially used in the study of central nervous system diseases and has since been widely used in the diagnosis of breast, liver, rectum, and prostate diseases. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of ARHGEF10L gene on tumor growth in gastric cancer in nude mice using quantitative MRI parameters.

Subjects And Methods: A nude mice model of gastric cancer was established, and the mice were divided into a control group and an shARHGEF10L group (N = 10).

Non-covalent interaction between pea protein isolate and catechin: effects on protein structure and functional properties.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of non-covalent interaction between pea protein isolate (PPI) and different concentrations (0.05-0.25%, w/v) of catechin (CT) on the structural and functional characteristics of protein.

Hybrid B-OTDR/Φ-OTDR for multi-parameter measurement from a single end of fiber.

The multi-parameter sensing is in great demand for comprehensive recognition in various application scenarios. We demonstrate a distributed optical fiber sensor (DOFS) for simultaneous vibration and temperature/strain sensing based on the integration of Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometry (BOTDR) and phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR). A double heterodyne detection configuration is set up to receive the Rayleigh scattering and Brillouin scattering simultaneously, which can enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and reduce the polarization fading noise for the Brillouin signal at the same time.

On-line status monitoring and surrounding environment perception of an underwater cable based on the phase-locked Φ-OTDR sensing system.

A newly designed phase-locked (PL) Φ-OTDR system was proposed and instrumented. Field tests of water impact, anchor damage towing and tide diagnosing were carried out in a natural freshwater lake as well as the East China Sea. Personnel movement trajectory monitoring and ship flow monitoring were carried out by a buried cable along the floodplain of the Yangtze River.

and Involved in Sorbicillinoid Biosynthesis Contribute to Fungal Development, Stress Response and Phytotoxicity in .

(teleomorph: ) is an important fungal pathogen that causes a devastating rice disease. It can produce mycotoxins including sorbicillinoids. The biosynthesis and biological functions of sorbicillinoids have not been reported in .

A compact pulsed power driver with precisely shaped current waveforms for magnetically driven loading experiments.

Magnetically driven loading techniques based on high current pulsed power drivers are very important tools for researching material dynamic behaviors and high-pressure physics. Based on the technologies of a Marx generator energy storage and low impedance coaxial cable energy transmission, a compact high current pulsed power driver CQ-7 was developed and established at the Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, which can generate precisely shaped current waveforms for magnetically driven loading experiments. CQ-7 is composed of 256 two-stage Marx generators in parallel with low impedance, high voltage coaxial cables for current output.

Interaction dynamics modeling and adaptive impedance control of robotic exoskeleton for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS), an abnormal lateral curvature of the patient's spine with vertebral rotation, is one of the biggest problems in the orthopedic profession. Non-surgical treatments of AIS, including bracing, has the following limitations: i) sensor-less design and lack of closed-loop control on the motion and forces exerted on the torso result in no adaption to the skeletal changes during the treatment, ii) lack of interaction control may also make the brace inconvenient and insecure for the patient. In this paper, a novel robotic exoskeleton equipped with linear actuators, position, and force sensors is developed to control the motion and forces exerted on the torso.

Erratum: FBXO22 Suppresses Metastasis in Human Renal Cell Carcinoma via Inhibiting MMP-9-Mediated Migration and Invasion and VEGF-Mediated Angiogenesis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.31293.

Erratum: TRIM59 Is a Novel Marker of Poor Prognosis and Promotes Malignant Progression of Ovarian Cancer by Inducing Annexin A2 Expression : Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.28757.

Recent Advances in Sorbicillinoids from Fungi and Their Bioactivities (Covering 2016-2021).

Sorbicillinoids are a family of hexaketide metabolites with a characteristic sorbyl side chain residue. Sixty-nine sorbicillinoids from fungi, newly identified from 2016 to 2021, are summarized in this review, including their structures and bioactivities. They are classified into monomeric, dimeric, trimeric, and hybrid sorbicillinoids according to their basic structural features, with the main groups comprising both monomeric and dimeric sorbicillinoids.

Theoretical Thermal-Mechanical Modelling and Experimental Validation of a Three-Dimensional (3D) Electrothermal Microgripper with Three Fingers.

This paper presents the theoretical thermal-mechanical modeling and parameter analyses of a novel three-dimensional (3D) electrothermal microgripper with three fingers. Each finger of the microgripper is composed of a bi-directional Z-shaped electrothermal actuator and a 3D U-shaped electrothermal actuator. The bi-directional Z-shaped electrothermal actuator provides the rectilinear motion in two directions.

Mechanism, indexes, methods, challenges, and perspectives of edible oil oxidation analysis.

Edible oils are indispensable food components, because they are used for cooking or frying. However, during processing, transport, storage, and consumption, edible oils are susceptible to oxidation, during which various primary and secondary oxidative products are generated. These products may reduce the nutritional value and safety of edible oils and even harm human health.

High-fidelity acoustic signal enhancement for phase-OTDR using supervised learning.

Phase-measuring phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) has been widely used for the distributed acoustic sensing. However, the demodulated phase signals are generally noisy due to the laser frequency drift, laser phase noise, and interference fading. These issues are usually addressed individually.

A compact platform for the investigation of material dynamics in quasi-isentropic compression to ~ 19 GPa.

This paper reports on the development of a magnetically driven high-velocity implosion experiment conducted on the CQ-3 facility, a compact pulsed power generator with a load current of 2.1 MA. The current generates a high Lorentz force between inner and outer liners made from 2024 aluminum.

Submarine cable monitoring system based on enhanced COTDR with simultaneous loss measurement and vibration monitoring ability.

A submarine cable monitoring system based on enhanced coherent optical time-domain reflectometry (E-COTDR) is realized. An improved optimal peak-seeking (OPS) based I/Q demodulation method is employed for simultaneous loss measurement and vibration monitoring. A single-end diagnosis range over 74km is achieved for the proposed E-COTDR, enabling the double-end cooperative system to have a single-span of 148km.