Transcriptome profiling of triploid Crassostrea gigas gills indicates the host immune mechanism against bacterial infection.

As an important member of global aquaculture, oysters (Crassostrea gigas) have significant economic value. With the development of commercial aquaculture, the frequent occurrence of diseases caused by Vibrio alginolyticus has become a hindrance to high-density aquaculture. Gill tissue, as an important component of immune system of the oysters, plays the key point in the face of invasion by foreign substances.

Deep machine learning identified fish flesh using multispectral imaging.

Food fraud is widespread in the aquatic food market, hence fast and non-destructive methods of identification of fish flesh are needed. In this study, multispectral imaging (MSI) was used to screen flesh slices from 20 edible fish species commonly found in the sea around Yantai, China, by combining identification based on the mitochondrial gene. We found that nCDA images transformed from MSI data showed significant differences in flesh splices of the 20 fish species.

Transcription factor DIVARICATA1 positively modulates seed germination in response to salinity stress.

Seed germination is a critical checkpoint for plant growth under unfavorable environmental conditions. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA) signaling pathways play important roles in modulating seed germination. However, the molecular links between salinity stress and ABA/GA signaling are not well understood.

Acute effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on the immune response in Sepia esculenta larvae.

With extensive use of plastic products, microplastics (MPs, < 5 mm) and nanoplastics (NPs, < 1 μm) have become major pollutants in ecosystem, especially in marine environment. In recent years, researches on the impact of NPs on organisms have gradually increased. However, studies on the influence of NPs on cephalopods are still limited.

A PCSK9 inhibitor induces a transient decrease in the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia patients.

Background And Aims: Extremely elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) contribute to long-term chronic systemic inflammation in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) patients. The aims of this study is to describe the inflammatory profile of HoFH patients and explore the effect of a PCSK9 inhibitor (PCSK9i) on a series of inflammatory biomarkers, including the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-HDL ratio (MHR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and mean platelet volume-lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR).

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 25 definitive HoFH patients on high-intensity statins plus ezetimibe were administered subcutaneous injections of 420 mg PCSK9i every 4 weeks (Q4W).

Time-dependent immune injury induced by short-term exposure to nanoplastics in the Sepia esculenta larvae.

Marine organisms are threatened by various environmental contaminants, and nanoplastics (NPs) is one of the most concerned. Studied have shown that NPs has a certain impact on marine organisms, but the specific molecular mechanism is still unclear. At present, researches on the effect of NPs on marine life mostly focus on crustaceans, gastropods, and bivalves.

Histopathological and transcriptomic analyses reveal the reproductive endocrine-disrupting effects of decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis.

The novel brominated flame retardant DBDPE has become a widespread environmental contaminant and could affect reproductive endocrine system in vertebrates. However, information about reproductive endocrine-disrupting effects of DBDPE on invertebrates is totally unknown. In this study, mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis were exposed to 1, 10, 50, 200 and 500 μg/L DBDPE for 30 days.

Complete mitogenome and phylogenetic analysis of the tropical rocky shore crab (Lamarck, 1818) (Crustacea: Grapsoidea).

In this study, the complete mitogenome of (Lamarck, 1818) (Crustacea: Grapsoidea) was sequenced. The mitogenome of was a circular molecule with 15,578 bp length. Its nucleotide composition was 26.

The Complete Plastid Genomes of Seven Sargassaceae Species and Their Phylogenetic Analysis.

Sargassum is one of the most important genera of the family Sargassaceae in brown algae and is used to produce carrageenan, mannitol, iodine, and other economic substances. Here, seven complete plastid genomes of , and were assembled using next-generation sequencing. The sizes of the seven circular genomes ranged from 124,258 to 124,563 bp, with two inverted regions and the same set of plastid genes, including 139 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 28 transfer (t)RNAs, and 6 ribosomal (r)RNAs.

[Effects of reduced nitrogen application on yield, nitrogen utilization of spring maize and soil nitrate content in Weibei dryland, Northwest China].

To get a scientific pattern for nitrogen-reducing and efficiency-increasing production of spring maize in Weibei dryland, we conducted an field experiment of spring maize (Zhengdan 958 and Shaandan 8806) under dryland farming from 2016 to 2019 in Heyang County, located in Weibei dryland of Shaanxi. There were five nitrogen (N) treatments, including 360 kg·hm(N, a rate commonly adopted by local farm households), 270 kg·hm(N), 150-180 kg·hm(N), 75-90 kg·hm(N) and 0 kg·hm(N). We investigated the effects of reduced nitrogen application on maize yield, nitrogen uptake and utilization of spring maize and soil nitrate residue.

A charge sensor integration to tunable double quantum dots on two neighboring InAs nanowires.

A single quantum dot serving as a charge sensor is integrated to scalable double quantum dots using local top finger-gate techniques on two neighboring pure-phase InAs nanowires. The single dot built on one nanowire capacitively couples one of the double dots constructed on another nanowire via a metal bridge gate. The charge occupation states of double quantum dots can be accurately monitored by the sensor even in a few-electron regime in which transport tunneling current through the double dots vanishes.

Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis of Mannitol-metabolism-associated Genes in Saccharina japonica.

As a carbon-storage compound and osmoprotectant in brown algae, mannitol is synthesized and then accumulated at high levels in Saccharina japonica (Sja); however, the underlying control mechanisms have not been studied. Our analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data from Sja shows that mannitol metabolism is a cyclic pathway composed of four distinct steps. A mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (M1PDH2) and two mannitol-1-phosphatases (M1Pase1 and MIPase2) work together or in combination to exhibit full enzymatic properties.

OGDA: a comprehensive organelle genome database for algae.

Algae are the oldest taxa on Earth, with an evolutionary relationship that spans prokaryotes (Cyanobacteria) and eukaryotes. A long evolutionary history has led to high algal diversity. Their organelle DNAs are characterized by uniparental inheritance and a compact genome structure compared with nuclear genomes; thus, they are efficient molecular tools for the analysis of gene structure, genome structure, organelle function and evolution.