YAP promotes fibrosis by regulating macrophage to myofibroblast transdifferentiation and M2 polarization in chronic pancreatitis.

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a clinical entity characterized by progressive inflammation and irreversible fibrosis of the pancreas, which ultimately leads to exocrine and/or endocrine insufficiency as well as an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Currently, there are no specific or effective approved therapies for CP. Herein, we show that macrophage to myofibroblast transdifferentiation (MMT) and M2 macrophage polarization are associated with both human CP and CP experimental mouse models.

Predictors Based on the Radiologic Characteristics for Aggressiveness of Small (< 20 mm) Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Background And Objectives: To find the association between preoperative computed tomography (CT) features combined with tumor marker and known high-risk factors of small nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PNETS), thereby selecting appropriate treatment strategy for these patients.

Method: One hundred fourteen patients with NF-PNETs< 20 mm who underwent surgical operation were retrospectively analyzed from 2009 to 2023. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to find the relationship between preoperative clinical psychological and CT features and high-risk factors.

Remnant Pancreas Volume Affects New-Onset Impaired Glucose Homeostasis Secondary to Pancreatic Cancer.

Background: New-onset diabetes (NOD) has been identified as a high-risk factor for the early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The role of tumor volume and remnant pancreas volume (RPV) in the progression from normal to NOD in PDAC patients is not fully illustrated yet.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, glycemic metabolism traits of 95 PDAC patients before pancreatic surgery were described and compared with chronic pancreatitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients based on the oral glucose tolerance test.

Overcome the challenge for intratumoral injection of STING agonist for pancreatic cancer by systemic administration.

Due to the challenge for intratumoral administration, innate agonists have not made it beyond preclinical studies for efficacy testing in most tumor types. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a hostile tumor microenvironment that renders T cells dysfunctional. Innate agonist treatments may serve as a T cell priming mechanism to sensitize PDACs to anti-PD-1 antibody (a-PD-1) treatment.

Increased risk of multiple metastases and worse overall survival of metastatic pancreatic body and tail cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal disease, especially metastatic PC. And it can be divided into two types: head pancreatic cancer (H-PC) and body and tail pancreatic cancer (BT-PC). Prior studies have proved that they have different overall survival (OS) and should be regarded as two different categories of PC.

Prognostic significance of systemic immune-inflammation index in patients with nonfunction pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor undergoing surgical resection.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to investigate the clinical significance and prognostic role of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in patients who underwent surgical resection for nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 364 patients with nonfunctioning pNETs. The association between the SII level and clinical parameters was investigated.

A nomogram to preoperatively predict the aggressiveness of non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors based on CT features.

Objectives: To develop a nomogram to predict the aggressiveness of non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-pNETs) based on preoperative computed tomography (CT) features.

Methods: This study included 176 patients undergoing radical resection for NF-pNETs. These patients were randomly divided into the training (n = 123) and validation sets (n = 53).

Clusterin is upregulated by erastin, a ferroptosis inducer and exerts cytoprotective effects in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells.

Ferroptosis is a novel form of cell death, which is distinguished from apoptosis and necrosis, and characterized by accumulation of lipid-based reactive oxygen species (ROS) in an iron-dependent manner. Erastin, a small molecule, was widely reported to trigger ferroptosis in various kinds of cancer cells, including pancreatic cancer cells by inducing ROS accumulation. However, how erastin treatment exerts cytotoxicity is not still fully understood.

Regional differences in islet amyloid deposition in the residual pancreas with new-onset diabetes secondary to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Islet amyloid deposition and reduced β-cell mass are pathological hallmarks in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects. To date, the pathological features of the islets in diabetes secondary to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have not been specifically addressed.

Aim: To provide further insight into the relationship between islet amyloid deposition of the residual pancreas in PDAC patients and to explore whether regional differences (proximal distal residual pancreas) are associated with islet amyloid deposition.

Dinaciclib exerts a tumor-suppressing effect via β-catenin/YAP axis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Dinaciclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (CDK5) inhibitor, has significant anti-tumor properties. However, the precise mechanism of dinaciclib requires further investigation. Herein, we investigated the anti-tumor functions and molecular basis of dinaciclib in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Optimal glycated hemoglobin A1c value for prediabetes and diabetes in patients with pancreatic diseases.

Background: Some articles suggest that using HbA1c alone for diabetes diagnosis is inappropriate. It requires considerable researches to explore the efficacy of HbA1c for diagnosing hyperglycemia in patients with pancreatic disease.

Methods: This study analyzed 732 patients, comprising of 331 without pancreatic disease and 401 patients diagnosed with pancreatic diseases.

Prognostic role of radiological splenic vessel involvement in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma of the body and tail: A retrospective analysis based on a large population.

Background: Tumors located in the pancreatic body or tail are more likely to invade splenic vessels; however, splenic artery (SpA) or vein (SpV) involvement is not included in the criteria for resectability. We aimed to analyze the prognostic role of radiological splenic vessel involvement in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) of the body and tail.

Methods: Patients with resetable PDAC were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.

Copper deprivation enhances the chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer to rapamycin by mTORC1/2 inhibition.

Cuproplasia, or copper-dependent cell proliferation, has been observed in varieties of solid tumors along with aberrant copper homeostasis. Several studies reported good response of patients to copper chelator assisted neoadjuvant chemotherapy, however, the internal target molecules are still undetermined. Unravel copper-associated tumor signaling would be valuable to forge new links to translate biology of copper into clinical cancer therapies.

Elevated Bile Acid Is Associated with Worsened Impaired Glucose Homeostasis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients with Extrahepatic Cholestasis through Increased Hepatic Insulin Clearance.

Background: Patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) showed improved glucose tolerance. Evidence for the effect of extrahepatic cholestasis on impaired glucose homeostasis secondary to ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head is limited.

Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 50 patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head were included to assess the effect of extrahepatic cholestasis on glucose tolerance status based on the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before pancreatic surgery.

Prognostic role and predictors of lymph node involvement in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Purpose: To define the prognostic role of lymph node involvement (LNI) in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) and identify predictors of LNI using a comprehensive multifactor analysis focusing on preoperative radiological features.

Methods: This study included 236 patients with preoperative computed tomography who underwent radical surgical resection of PNETs at our hospital between 2009 and 2019. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the risk factors associated with LNI and tumor recurrence.

The differential effects of sarcopenia and cachexia on overall survival for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients following pancreatectomy: A retrospective study based on a large population.

Objectives: Both cachexia and sarcopenia have been considered adverse predictors for prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer; although sarcopenia and cachexia share some similarities, they are still defined as distinct nutritional conditions. We aimed to explore the differential impacts of sarcopenia and cachexia on prognosis for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients following radical excision.

Methods: From January 2015 to May 2022, 614 patients undergoing surgery for PDAC were retrospectively included.

Preoperative acute pancreatitis and hyperenzymemia are associated with poor prognosis in patients with nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Background: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of acute pancreatitis (AP) and hyperenzymemia as well as their clinical impact on postoperative survival outcomes in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 218 patients who underwent radical surgical resection for nonfunctional PNETs (NF-PNETs) was conducted. Multivariate survival analysis was performed by the Cox proportional hazard model, with results expressed as hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Associations between Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Diabetes Mellitus Secondary to Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Background: There is a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). An inflammatory response is considered as a potential mechanism involved in the process. The systemic immune-inflammation (SII) index is an integrated and novel inflammatory indicator developed in recent years.

Long Term Outcomes of No-Touch Isolation Principles Applied in Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Treatment of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study with Propensity Score Matching.

: The recurrence and liver metastasis rates are still high in pancreatic head cancer with curative surgical resection. A no-touch isolation principle in pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) may improve this situation, however, the exact advantages and efficacy of these principles have not been confirmed. : Among 370 patients who underwent PD, three centers were selected and classified into two groups: the no-touch PD group ( = 70) and the conventional PD group ( = 300).

An Orthotopic Resection Surgical Technique Using an Inferior Infracolic Approach for Laparoscopic Pancreaticoduodenectomy.

The no-touch isolation technique has been widely used in cancer surgery as a strategy to prevent cancer cells from spreading; however, it is difficult to apply in laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD). Here, we describe an orthotopic resection surgical technique that applies a no-touch principle for LPD and can help with the in situ resection of tumors. In implementing this surgical strategy, Kocher's maneuver was not performed first.

Prevention and Treatment of Grade C Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula.

Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a troublesome complication after pancreatic surgeries, and grade C POPF is the most serious situation among pancreatic fistulas. At present, the incidence of grade C POPF varies from less than 1% to greater than 9%, with an extremely high postoperative mortality rate of 25.7%.

Beyond successful hemostasis: CT findings and organ failure predict postoperative death in patients suffering from post-pancreatoduodenectomy hemorrhage.

Background: To predict postoperative death even after successful hemostasis in patients with post pancreatoduodenectomy pancreatic fistula-associated hemorrhage (PPFH).

Methods: Patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) between September 2011 and August 2020 were identified. PPFH patients were enrolled in this retrospective case-control study and divided into the Cured and Death groups.

Neoadjuvant therapy in resectable pancreatic cancer: A promising curative method to improve prognosis.

Currently, 15 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been designed to investigate whether neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) benefits patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma (R-PA) compared to surgery alone. Five of them have acquired results so far; however, corresponding conclusions have not been obtained. We speculated that the reason for this phenomenon could be that some prognostic factors had proven to be adverse through upfront surgery curative patterns, but some of them were not regarded as independent baseline characteristics, which is important to obtaining comparability between the NAT and upfront surgery groups.

Analysis of invasiveness and tumor-associated macrophages infiltration in solid pseudopapillary tumors of pancreas.

Background: Solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) is a rare pancreatic tumor. Considering its malignant behaviors, SPT has been classified as a low-grade malignant tumor. Indeed, only 9.