Effects of Electrochemical Hydrogen Charging Parameters on the Mechanical Behaviors of High-Strength Steel.

Extended exposure to seawater results in the erosion of the structural high-strength steels utilized in marine equipment, primarily due to the infiltration of hydrogen. Consequently, this erosion leads to a decrease in the mechanical properties of the material. In this investigation, the mechanical responses of Q690 structural high-strength steel specimens were investigated by considering various hydrogen charging parameters, such as the current density, charging duration, and solution concentration values.

Navβ2 Intracellular Fragments Contribute to Aβ1-42-Induced Cognitive Impairment and Synaptic Deficit Through Transcriptional Suppression of BDNF.

A pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the region-specific accumulation of the amyloid-beta protein (Aβ), which triggers aberrant neuronal excitability, synaptic impairment, and progressive cognitive decline. Previous works have demonstrated that Aβ pathology induced aberrant elevation in the levels and excessive enzymatic hydrolysis of voltage-gated sodium channel type 2 beta subunit (Navβ2) in the brain of AD models, accompanied by alteration in excitability of hippocampal neurons, synaptic deficits, and subsequently, cognitive dysfunction. However, the mechanism is unclear.

[Impact of primary duodenogastric reflux and infection on gastritis and antibiotic resistance in children].

Objectives: To investigate the risk factors for (HP) infection in children with primary duodenogastric reflux (DGR) and its impact on gastritis and antibioticresistance.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 2 190 children who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Wuxi Children's Hospital from January 2019 to February 2022, among whom 308 children were diagnosed with primary DGR. According to the presence or absence of HP infection, the children were classified to HP infection group (53 children) and non-HP infection group (255 children).

Introducing Carborane Clusters into Crystalline Frameworks via Thiol-Yne Click Chemistry for Energetic Materials.

Crystalline frameworks represent a cutting-edge frontier in material science, and recently, there has been a surge of interest in energetic crystalline frameworks. However, the well-established porosity often leads to diminished output energy, necessitating a novel approach for performance enhancement. Thiol-yne coupling, a versatile metal-free click reaction, has been underutilized in crystalline frameworks.

Voluntary running wheel exercise induces cognitive improvement post traumatic brain injury in mouse model through redressing aberrant excitation regulated by voltage-gated sodium channels 1.1, 1.3, and 1.6.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to disturbed brain discharge rhythm, elevated excitability, anxiety-like behaviors, and decreased learning and memory capabilities. Cognitive dysfunctions severely affect the quality of life and prognosis of TBI patients, requiring effective rehabilitation treatment. Evidence indicates that moderate exercise after brain injury decreases TBI-induced cognitive decline.

Pretreatment with BAA2573 ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis by modulating gut microbiota.

Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disease. Probiotics such as are considered to be beneficial to the recovery of intestinal inflammation by interaction with gut microbiota. Our goals were to define the effect of the exclusive use of BAA2573 on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, including improvement of symptoms, alleviation of histopathological damage, and modulation of gut microbiota.

The aptamer-based RNA-PROTAC.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) dysfunction has been implicated in a number of diseases, and RBPs have traditionally been considered to be undruggable targets. Here, targeted degradation of RBPs is achieved based on the aptamer-based RNA-PROTAC, which consists of a genetically encoded RNA scaffold and a synthetic heterobifunctional molecule. The target RBPs can bind to their RNA consensus binding element (RCBE) on the RNA scaffold, while the small molecule can recruit E3 ubiquitin ligase to the RNA scaffold in a non-covalent manner, thereby inducing proximity-dependent ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome-mediated degradation of the target protein.

[Soil stoichiometry characteristics under different land use types in the Horqin Sandy Land, China].

The stoichiometry characteristics of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) is an important indicator of soil quality and ecosystem nutrient limitations. Exploring the effects of land use type and soil depth on soil nutrient stoichiometry can clarify soil nutrient cycling. In this study, we collected soil samples from sites with five different land use types (irrigated cropland, rainfed cropland, sandy grassland, fixed dunes, and mobile dunes) in the Horqin Sandy Land, and evaluated the influences of land use type and soil depth on the contents and stoichiometry characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP).

[Theoretical basis of ecology for the influence of global change on resources, environment, and ecosystems.].

With the deepening of global change research, the applied problems such as global change risk and response for social sustainable development, temporal and spatial allocation of resources and environmental elements and impact assessment of ecosystem are becoming a new trend in the research field of global change. Based on the ecological framework, we focused on clarifying the connotations of resources and the environment and their components. Resources refer to all substances consumed by organisms in the process of producing organic matter from inorganic matter and transferring energy and matter among organisms.

In vivo glial trans-differentiation for neuronal replacement and functional recovery in central nervous system.

The adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is deficient in intrinsic machineries to replace neurons lost in injuries or progressive degeneration. Various types of these neurons constitute neural circuitries wired to support vital sensory, motor, and cognitive functions. Based on the pioneer studies in cell lineage conversion, one promising strategy is to convert in vivo glial cells into neural progenitors or directly into neurons that can be eventually rewired for functional recovery.

Notoginsenoside R1-Induced Neuronal Repair in Models of Alzheimer Disease Is Associated With an Alteration in Neuronal Hyperexcitability, Which Is Regulated by Nav.

Alzheimer disease is characterized by a progressive cognitive deficit and may be associated with an aberrant hyperexcitability of the neuronal network. Notoginsenoside R1 (R1), a major activity ingredient from , has demonstrated favorable changes in neuronal plasticity and induced neuroprotective effects in brain injuries, resulting from various disorders, however, the underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. In the present study, we aimed to explore the possible neuroprotective effects induced by R1 in a mouse model of AD and the mechanisms underlying these effects.

COX5A Plays a Vital Role in Memory Impairment Associated With Brain Aging the BDNF/ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway.

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit Va (COX5A) is involved in maintaining normal mitochondrial function. However, little is known on the role of COX5A in the development and progress of Alzheimer's disease (Martinez-Losa et al., 2018).

Infection within 2 weeks before liver transplantation closely related to prognosis of posttransplant infection: A single-center retrospective observational study in China.

Background: Infections still represent the main factors influencing morbidity and mortality following liver transplantation. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for infection and survival after liver transplantation.

Methods: We retrospectively examined medical records in 210 liver recipients who underwent liver transplantation between April 2015 and October 2017 in our hospital.

Exercise-Induced Cognitive Improvement Is Associated with Sodium Channel-Mediated Excitability in APP/PS1 Mice.

Elevated brain activation, or hyperexcitability, induces cognitive impairment and confers an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Blocking the overexcitation of the neural network may be a promising new strategy to prevent, halt, and even reverse this condition. Physical exercise has been shown to be an effective cognitive enhancer that reduces the risk of AD in elderly individuals, but the underlying mechanisms are far from being fully understood.

[Inter- and intra-annual dynamics of vegetation litter at different habitats in Horqin Sandy Land, China.].

As one of the important pathways of material and energy flow between plant and soil system, litterfall plays a key role in the process of vegetation and soil restoration in ecologically fragile region. To explore the inter- and intra-annual dynamics of litter production and related regulatory factors at different habitats in sandy land ecosystem, we investigated the litter production during nine continuous growing seasons, while the air temperature and precipitation were measured over mobile dune, fixed dune, and grassland in Horqin Sandy Land. The results showed that annual litter production at different habitants were in the order of mobile dune (9.

The Agr Quorum Sensing System Represses Persister Formation through Regulation of Phenol Soluble Modulins in .

The opportunistic pathogen has become an increasing threat to public health. While the Agr quorum sensing (QS) system is a master regulator of virulence, its dysfunction has been frequently reported to promote bacteremia and mortality in clinical infections. Here we show that the Agr system is involved in persister formation in .

Endogenous neurotrophin-3 promotes neuronal sprouting from dorsal root ganglia.

In the present study, we investigated the role of endogenous neurotrophin-3 in nerve terminal sprouting 2 months after spinal cord dorsal root rhizotomy. The left L1-5 and L7-S2 dorsal root ganglia in adult cats were exposed and removed, preserving the L6 dorsal root ganglia. Neurotrophin-3 was mainly expressed in large neurons in the dorsal root ganglia and in some neurons in spinal lamina II.

Endogenous TGFβ1 Plays a Crucial Role in Functional Recovery After Traumatic Brain Injury Associated with Smad3 Signal in Rats.

Transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGFβ1) has a diverse role in astrogliosis and neuronal survival, but the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated, especially in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Here, we show that the expression of TGFβ1 was increased in the pericontusional region, accompanied with astrogliosis and neuronal loss in TBI rats. Moreover, TGFβ1 knockdown not only reduced the number of neurons and inhibited astrogliosis but also resulted in a significant neurological dysfunction in rats with TBI.

BDNF expression with functional improvement in transected spinal cord treated with neural stem cells in adult rats.

Neural stem cells (NSC) could promote the repair after spinal cord transection (SCT), the underlying mechanism, however, still keeps to be defined. This study reported that NSC grafts significantly improved sensory and locomotor functions in adult rats with SCT in acute stage after injury. NSC could survive; differentiate towards neurons or glia lineage in vitro and vivo.

Roles of platelet-derived growth factor-B expression in the ventral horn and motor cortex in the spinal cord-hemisected rhesus monkey.

It is well known that platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B), a member of the neurotrophic factor family, is involved in normal physiological conditions, pathological changes, and neuroregulation following lesions. But the roles of endogenous PDGF-B in neuroregulation following spinal cord injury are far from being well known, especially in primates. This study explored the role of PDGF-B in the spinal cord and motor cortex in rhesus monkeys subjected to cord hemisection.

Electroacupuncture induced spinal plasticity is linked to multiple gene expressions in dorsal root deafferented rats.

The underlying mechanism for electroacupuncture (EA) associated functional improvement in patients suffering from spinal cord injury (SCI) is largely unknown. Collateral sprouting is one plausible factor, where the cord microenvironment may contribute greatly. The present study evaluated the effects of EA on collateral sprouting from spared dorsal root ganglion (DRG), sensory functional restorations, and differential gene expressions in spinal cord after partial DRG removal in the rat.

Temporal changes in the expression of TGF-beta 1 and EGF in the ventral horn of the spinal cord and associated precentral gyrus in adult Rhesus monkeys subjected to cord hemisection.

It is well known that some growth factors can not only rescue neurons from death, but also improve motor functions following spinal cord injury. However, their cellular distribution in situ and temporal expressions following spinal cord injury have not been determined, especially in primates. This study investigated the temporal changes in the expression of two growth factors--epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1) in the injured motoneurons of the spinal cord and the associated precentral gyrus in adult Rhesus monkeys subjected to spinal cord hemisection.