Substrate and functional characterization of the lysine acetyltransferase MsKat and deacetylase MsCobB in Mycobacterium smegmatis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious cause of infectious death worldwide. Recent studies have reported that about 30% of the Mtb proteome was modified post-translationally, indicating that their functions are essential for drug resistance, mycobacterial survival, and pathogenicity. Among them, lysine acetylation, reversibly regulated by acetyltransferase and deacetylase, has important roles involved in energy metabolism, cellular adaptation, and protein interactions.

18 F-FDG PET/CT of Intracholecystic Papillary Neoplasm in Cystic Neck and Duct.

We report 18 F-FDG PET/CT appearances of intracholecystic papillary neoplasm (ICPN) in the gallbladder neck and duct of a 74-year-old woman with a history of hepatitis B cirrhosis. The lesion presented with a large and sessile soft mass in the neck and duct of gallbladder with obvious glucose metabolism on PET/CT images, which was confirmed pathologically as ICPN (gastric foveolar type) with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. ICPN localized in the gallbladder neck and duct is extremely rare, and is easily misdiagnosed as gallbladder carcinoma.

Characterization of diverse lysine acylations in Bacillus thuringiensis: Substrate profiling and functional exploration.

Lysine acylation has been extensively investigated due to its regulatory role in a diverse range of biological functions across prokaryotic and eukaryotic species. In-depth acylomic profiles have the potential to enhance comprehension of the biological implications of organisms. However, the extent of research on global acylation profiles in microorganisms is limited.

Proteomics analysis of histone deacetylase inhibitor-resistant solid tumors reveals resistant signatures and potential drug combinations.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are important drugs for cancer therapy, but the indistinct resistant mechanisms of solid tumor therapy greatly limit their clinical application. In this study we conducted HDACi-perturbated proteomics and phosphoproteomics analyses in HDACi-sensitive and -resistant cell lines using a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic strategy. We found that the ribosome biogenesis proteins MRTO4, PES1, WDR74 and NOP16 vital to tumorigenesis might regulate the tumor sensitivity to HDACi.

Cuproptosis mediates copper-induced testicular spermatogenic cell death.

Cuproptosis, a novel mechanism of programmed cell death, has not been fully explored in the context of spermatogenic cells. This study investigated the potential involvement of cuproptosis in spermatogenic cell death using a mouse model of copper overload. Sixty male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were randomly divided into four groups that received daily oral gavage with sodium chloride (control) or copper sulfate (CuSO 4 ) at 50 mg kg -1 , 100 mg kg -1 , or 200 mg kg -1 , for 42 consecutive days.

Prognostic biomarker discovery based on proteome landscape of Chinese lung adenocarcinoma.

Despite recent innovations in imaging and genomic screening promotes advance in diagnosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), there remains high mortality of LUAD and insufficient understanding of LUAD biology. Our previous study performed an integrative multi-omic analysis of LUAD, filling the gap between genomic alterations and their biological proteome effects. However, more detailed molecular characterization and biomarker resources at proteome level still need to be uncovered.

Microorganism-regulated autophagy in gastrointestinal cancer.

Gastrointestinal cancer has always been one of the most urgent problems to be solved, and it has become a major global health issue. Microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract regulate normal physiological and pathological processes. Accumulating evidence reveals the role of the imbalance in the microbial community during tumorigenesis.

Global landscape of lysine acylomes in Bacillus subtilis.

Lysine acetylation is a common posttranslational modification that regulates numerous biochemical functions in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic species. In addition, several new non-acetyl acylations are structurally different from lysine acetylation and participate in diverse physiological functions. Here, a comprehensive analysis of several lysine acylomes was performed by combining the high-affinity antibody enrichment with high-resolution LC-MS/MS.

An Integrative Proteome-Based Pharmacologic Characterization and Therapeutic Strategy Exploration of SAHA in Solid Malignancies.

Targeting histone epigenetic modification is an important strategy for anticancer therapy. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have been clinically approved in the treatment of diverse hematological cancers, but mechanisms of drug resistance and poor therapeutic efficacy in solid malignancies remain largely unknown. In this study, we applied a mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic strategy to investigate the molecular differences in HDACi vorinostat (SAHA) sensitive and resistant cell lines.

Novel Mutation Loci Lead to Multiple Morphological Abnormalities of the Sperm Flagella and Literature Review.

The protein encoded by dynein axonemal heavy chain 1 () is a part of dynein, which regulates the function of cilia and sperm flagella. The mutant of causes the deletion of inner dynein arm 3 in the flagellum, leading to multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) and severe asthenozoospermia. However, instead of asthenozoospermia and MMAF, the result caused by the mutation of remains unknown.

Aberrant ROS Mediate Cell Cycle and Motility in Colorectal Cancer Cells Through an Oncogenic CXCL14 Signaling Pathway.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as signal mediators to induce tumorigenesis. This study aims to explore whether chemokine CXCL14 is involved in the proliferation and migration of ROS-induced colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. The proliferative and migratory capacities of CRC cells treated with or without HO were measured by various methods, including the CKK-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, wounding healing assay, and migration assay.

[Inhibitory effect of Qiangjing Tablets on the secretion of IL-1β and TNF-ɑ from mouse Sertoli cells: A study based on the microenvironment of spermatogenesis].

Objective: To study the effect of Qiangjing Tablets (QJT) on the secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-ɑ from Sertoli cells in infertile mice based on the microenvironment of spermatogenesis.

Methods: We isolated and cultured mouse Sertoli cells, established the model of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection in the cells, and treated the cells with QJT at the concentrations of 2.5%, 5% and 10% in the serum.

Integrative Proteomic Characterization of Human Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Genomic studies of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have advanced our understanding of the disease's biology and accelerated targeted therapy. However, the proteomic characteristics of LUAD remain poorly understood. We carried out a comprehensive proteomics analysis of 103 cases of LUAD in Chinese patients.

[Distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types of male infertility in Chengdu area].

Objective: To explore the distribution characteristics of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome types of male infertility in Chengdu area, China, in order to provide some objective evidence for the clinical treatment and studies of male infertility.

Methods: We collected the clinical data on 500 cases of male infertility treated in the outpatient and inpatient departments of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine and Chengdu Hospital for Reproduction, Women and Children from January to December 2017. Based on the results of examinations using the four diagnostic methods of TCM, namely, observation, auscultation and olfaction, interrogation, and palpation, we differentiated the TCM syndromes of the patients and analyzed the distribution characteristics of the syndrome types.

Comparative evaluation of label-free quantification strategies.

The selection of a data processing method for use in mass spectrometry-based label-free proteome quantification contributes significantly to its accuracy and precision. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated 7 commonly-used label-free quantification methods (MaxQuant-Spectrum count, MaxQuant-iBAQ, MaxQuant-LFQ, MaxQuant-LFAQ, Proteome Discoverer, MetaMorpheus, TPP-StPeter) with a focus on missing values, precision, accuracy, selectivity, and reproducibility of low abundance protein quantification in both single shot and fractionation. Our results showed that among the tested strategies, MaxQuant in MaxLFQ mode outperformed other strategies in terms of accuracy and precision in both whole proteome and low abundance proteome quantification, whereas the Proteome Discoverer (PD) strategy using SEQUEST as a search engine performed better in terms of quantifiable low abundance proteome coverage.

Dynamic Characterization of Protein and Posttranslational Modification Levels in Mycobacterial Cholesterol Catabolism.

Cholesterol of the host macrophage membrane is vital for mycobacterial infection, replication, and persistence. During chronic infection within host lung tissues, cholesterol facilitates the phagocytosis of mycobacteria into macrophages. Cholesterol degradation leads to increased flux of acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) and propionyl-CoA, providing energy and building blocks for virulence macromolecules as well as donors for global protein acylation.

Global characterization of proteome and lysine methylome features in EZH2 wild-type and mutant lymphoma cell lines.

Lysine methylation is a widespread protein post-translational modification showing essentialities in versatile cellular process. EZH2, a methyltransferase specifically trimethylates the lysine 27 of histone H3 and its aberrance in several cancers promotes the development of its inhibitors against hematological tumors. In this study, we presented a deep exploration of lysine mono-, di- and trimethylomes in EZH2 wild-type and Y641 mutant lymphoma cell lines.

LysargiNase and Chemical Derivatization Based Strategy for Facilitating In-Depth Profiling of C-Terminome.

Global identification of protein C-termini is highly challenging due to their low abundance in conventional shotgun proteomics. Several enrichment strategies have been developed to facilitate the detection of C-terminal peptides. One major issue of previous approaches is the limited C-terminome coverage.

[Inhibitory effect of Qilan Capsules on the expressions of vasculogenic mimicry-related proteins in prostate cancer].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Qilan Capsules (QLC) on the expressions of the related proteins HIF-1α, VEGF-α, EphA2 and MMP-1 in the formation of vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in prostate cancer.

Methods: Prostate cancer PC-3 cells were cultured, transfected with siRNA, and divided into eight groups, blank control, HIF-1α siRNA, VEGF-α siRNA, EphA2 siRNA, QLC intervention, QLC + HIF-1α siRNA, QLC + VEGF-α siRNA, and QLC + EphA2 siRNA. The expressions of the HIF-1α, VEGF-α and EphA2 proteins in the pathway of VEGF were determined by Western blot.

[Effect of Qiangjing Tablets on the MAPK signaling pathway in SD rats with asthenospermia].

Objective: To investigate the effects of Qiangjing Tablets (QJT) on sperm quality and the MAPK signaling pathway in the SD rat model of asthenospermia (AS).

Methods: A total of 100 male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups of equal number, blank control, AS model control, high-dose QJT, medium-dose QJT, and low-dose QJT. All the rats were intragastrically administered ORN at 200 mg/kg/d for establishment of the AS model except those in the blank control group, which were given 1% CMC sodium solution at 1 ml/100 g by gavage.