A colorimetric-aptamer-based assay for the determination of enrofloxacin through triggering the aggregation of gold nanoparticles.

Although enrofloxacin (ENR) is a widely used broad-spectrum antibiotic in veterinary medicine, its residues in animals can pose a risk to human health. Thus, we developed a new method for detecting ENR based on aptamers and AuNPs. In the absence of ENR, the aptamers attached to the surface of the AuNPs electrostatic interactions to protect the AuNPs from NaCl, and the solution remained red.

[Application and prospects of hyperspectral remote sensing in monitoring plant diversity in grassland].

The biodiversity of grasslands is important for ecosystem function and health. The protection and mana-gement of grassland biodiversity requires the collection of the information on plant diversity. Hyperspectral remote sensing, with its unique advantages of extensive coverage and high spectral resolution, offers a new solution for long-term monitoring of plant diversity.

A fluorescence probe with targeted mitochondria for detecting hydrogen peroxide and in diabetic mice.

We designed and prepared probe W-1 for the detection of HO. W-1 showed excellent selectivity for HO and was accompanied by colorimetric signal changes. The excellent linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and HO concentration (0-100 μM) provided favorable conditions for its quantitative detection.

Inhibition of perilipin 2 attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation both in vivo and in vitro.

Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) usually causes neuroinflammation within the central nervous system, further prompting irreversible cerebral dysfunction. Perilipin 2 (Plin2), a lipid droplet protein, has been reported to exacerbate the pathological process in different diseases, including inflammatory responses. However, the role and mechanism of Plin2 in CI/R injury are unclear.

Red fluorescent AIEgens based multifunctional nonviral gene vectors for the efficient combination of gene therapy and photodynamic therapy in anti-cancer.

Precise molecular engineering of AIEgens-based cationic delivery systems for high transfection efficiency (TE) and effective photodynamic therapy (PDT) holds a huge potential for cancer treatment. Herein, three amphiphiles (DT-C-M) consisting of di(triazole-[12]aneN) (M) and 1,1-dicyano-2-phenyl-2-(4-diphenylamino)phenyl-ethylene (DT) units have been developed to achieve luminescent tracking, efficient TE, and effective PDT in vitro and in vivo. These compounds exhibited strong aggregated induced emission (AIE) at 630 nm and mega Stokes shifts of up to 160 nm.

Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on podocytes, inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Objectives: To investigate the effects of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) liraglutide on podocytes, inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Methods: Eighty-four DN patients treated by the department of endocrinology of the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University during December 2017 and March 2019 were randomly assigned to a control group and a treatment group (n=42, respectively), with the control group prescribed with conventional DN medications and the treatment group receiving liraglutide treatment in addition to the conventional therapy. The course of treatment lasted for 12 weeks.

Multifunctional amphiphilic peptide dendrimer as nonviral gene vectors for effective cancer therapy via combined gene/photodynamic therapies.

Gene therapy holds great promise for treatment of gene-associated diseases. However, safe and successful clinical application urgently requires further advancement of constructing efficient delivery systems. Herein, three amphiphilic peptide dendrimers (TTC-L-KRR/KKK/KHH), containing the natural amino acid residues (lysine K, arginine R, and histidine H) and AIE-based photosensitizer (tetraphenylethenethiophene modified cyanoacrylate, TTC) modified with alkyl chain (L), have been designed and prepared for improving therapeutic potency via the combination of gene therapy (GT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT).

[12]aneN-Conjugated AIEgens with two-photon imaging properties for synergistic gene/photodynamic therapy and .

Six amphiphiles (TTC-L-M-1/2/3/4/5/6), each consisting of hydrophilic macrocyclic polyamine triazole-[12]aneN (M) and a hydrophobic photosensitizer tetraphenylethenethiophene modified cyanoacrylate (TTC) moiety linked with alkyl chains (L), have been designed and synthesized for synergetic anticancer gene therapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT). These amphiphiles showed strong AIE fluorescence emissions around 600 nm with large Stokes shifts up to 168 nm in an aqueous solution. They were able to condense DNA into nanoparticles with appropriate sizes, positive charges, reversible release, and good biocompatibility.

Di[12]aneN-Functionalized Green Fluorescent Protein Chromophore for GFP Luminescence Simulation and Efficient Gene Transfection and .

Although a plethora of gene carriers have been developed for potential gene therapy, imageable stimuli-responsive gene vectors with fast access to the nucleus, high biocompatibility, and transfection efficiency are still scarce. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of four dendrite-shaped cationic liposomes, /DOPE (R: -butyl, ; -octyl, ; -dodecyl, ; palmyl, ), prepared via esterification of 4-alkoxybenzylideneimidazolinone containing aliphatic chains of different lengths (HBI-R), the green fluorescent protein (GFP) chromophore, with a di[12]aneN unit. Liposomes were fabricated the self-assembly of , assisted with 1,2-dioleoyl--glycerol-3-phosphorylethanolamine (DOPE).

Degradable cationic polyesters via ring-opening copolymerization of valerolactones as nanocarriers for the gene delivery.

The development of cationic polymers as non-viral gene vectors has been hurdled by their high toxicity, thus degradable and biocompatible polymers are urgently demanded. Herein, five polyesters (B3a-B3e) were synthesized based on the ring-opening copolymerization between α-allyl-δ-valerolactone and δ-valerolactone derivatives decorated with alkyl or alkoxyl chains of different lengths, followed by the modification with 1,5,9-triazacyclododecyl ([12]aneN) through thiol-ene click reactions. The five polyesters effectively condensed DNA into nanoparticles.

Integration of [12]aneN3 and Acenaphtho[1,2-b]quinoxaline as non-viral gene vectors with two-photon property for enhanced DNA/siRNA delivery and bioimaging.

Two-photon fluorescent Acenaphtho[1,2-b]quinoxaline (ANQ) and the hydrophilic di-(triazole-[12]aneN) moieties were combined through an alkyl chain (ANQ-A-M) or a β-hairpin motif with two aromatic γ-amino acid residues (ANQ-H-M) to explore their capabilities for in vitro and in vivo gene delivery and tracing. ANQ-A-M and ANQ-H-M showed the same maximum absorption at 420 nm, and their fluorescent intensities around 650 nm were varied in different solvents and became poor in the protic solvents. Gel electrophoresis assays indicated that both compounds completely retarded the migration of pDNA at 20 μM in the presence of DOPE.

The Photodynamic Anti-Tumor Effects of New PPa-CDs Conjugate with pH Sensitivity and Improved Biocompatibility.

Background: Photodynamic therapy has been increasingly used to cope with the alarming problem of cancer. Porphyrins and their derivatives are widely used as Potent Photosensitizers (PS) for PDT. However, the hydrophobicity of porphyrins poses a challenge for their use in clinics, while most of the carbon dots (CDs) are known for good biocompatibility, solubility, and pH sensitivity.

Towards Class-Imbalance Aware Multi-Label Learning.

Multi-label learning deals with training examples each represented by a single instance while associated with multiple class labels. Due to the exponential number of possible label sets to be considered by the predictive model, it is commonly assumed that label correlations should be well exploited to design an effective multi-label learning approach. On the other hand, class-imbalance stands as an intrinsic property of multi-label data which significantly affects the generalization performance of the multi-label predictive model.

[12]aneN-Based Gemini-Type Amphiphiles with Two-Photon Absorption Properties for Enhanced Nonviral Gene Delivery and Bioimaging.

Although a plethora of nonviral gene vectors have been developed for potential gene therapy, imageable gemini surfactants with stimuli-responsiveness and high transfection efficiency are still scarce for gene delivery. Herein, three gemini amphiphiles () consisting of an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) central fluorophore: 5,6-diphenylpyrazine-2,3-diester (), decorated with triazole-[12]aneN as the hydrophilic moiety and alkyl chains of various lengths as the hydrophobic moiety, were designed and synthesized for trackable gene delivery via optical imaging. All three amphiphiles exhibited ultralow critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) (up to 3.

Macrocyclic polyamine [12]aneN modified triphenylamine-pyrazine derivatives as efficient non-viral gene vectors with AIE and two-photon imaging properties.

With the aim to develop a novel multifunctional gene delivery system that may overcome the common barriers of gene transfection, near-infrared fluorescent triphenylamine-pyrazine was modified with a DNA condensing triazole-[12]aneN3 moiety through different length alkyl ester linkages to afford three new non-viral gene vectors, TDM-A/B/C. All compounds showed prominent solvatochromic fluorescence (Stokes shift of up to 383 nm) and two-photon absorption properties (σ2P to 101 GM), and exhibited strong aggregation-induced emission (AIE). Gel electrophoresis demonstrated that plasmid DNA was completely condensed at a concentration of 10 μM (TDM-A), 14 μM (TDM-B) and 16 μM (TDM-C), and released in esterase and acidic environment.

Tumor Targeting Gene Vector for Visual Tracking of Bcl-2 siRNA Transfection and Anti-Tumor Therapy.

Tumor targeting provided more effective gene therapy. Bcl-2 is an oncogene, and Bcl-2 small interfering RNA (Bcl-2 siRNA) can inhibit its expression. Here, a fluorescent and gene-loading capacity vector , derived from diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP), was developed for Bcl-2 siRNA-targeted delivery and tumor imaging and .

Synthesis of Glutathione (GSH)-Responsive Amphiphilic Duplexes and their Application in Gene Delivery.

Oligoamide molecular strands with hydrogen-bonding sequences DADDAD and guanidine (O-1) or 1,5,9-triazacyclododecane ([12]aneN ; O-2) side chains and oligoamides with hydrogen-bonding sequences ADAADA and octyl moieties (O-3), were synthesized. Two duplexes (D-1 and D-2) were prepared by conjugating the hydrophilic O-1 or O-2 and hydrophobic O-3 through sequence-specific hydrogen-bond association and cross-linked disulfide bonds. Electrophoresis measurements indicated that O-1, O-2, D-1, and D-2 were able to completely retard the DNA mobiliy at concentrations of 30, 30, 10, and 20 μM, respectively.

Combination of [12]aneN and Triphenylamine-Benzylideneimidazolone as Nonviral Gene Vectors with Two-Photon and AIE Properties.

Three nonviral gene vectors, //, have been designed and synthesized by the combination of one or two hydrophilic [12]aneN moieties and two-photon fluorescent triphenylamine-benzylideneimidazolone (TPA-BI) units through different ester linkage. Spectroscopic characterization demonstrated that // had strong aggregation-induced emissions (AIE), large Stokes shifts (230, 284, and 263 nm), and large two-photon absorption cross sections (δ) (67, 592, and 80 GM). Gel electrophoresis indicated that the three compounds completely condensed DNA at 15 μM in the presence of DOPE, and showed the lipase- and pH-triggered reversible release of DNA and the fluorescent recognition of the different lengths of ssDNA and dsDNA.

Wafer-scale and deterministic patterned growth of monolayer MoSvia vapor-liquid-solid method.

Vapor transportation is the core process in growing transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). One inevitable problem is the spatial inhomogeneity of vapors. The non-stoichiometric supply of transition-metal precursors and chalcogens leads to poor control in the products' location, morphology, crystallinity, uniformity and batch to batch reproducibility.

[Association of Insulin Resistance and β Cell Function with Lipid Metabolism in Middle-aged and Elderly Hui and Han Populations].

Objective: To explore the association of insulin resistance and β cell function with lipid metabolism in middle-aged and elderly Hui and Han populations.

Methods: A total of 1000 subjects age over 40 years were recruited from five urban communities in Yinchuan and Wuzhong cities of Ningxia. The composition ratio between Hui and Han nationality was 1:2.

6-Meth-oxy-2-methyl-1-m-tolyl-1H-benzimidazole hemihydrate.

The title compound, C(16)H(16)N(2)O·0.5H(2)O, is a substituted 1-phenyl-benzimidazole, which belongs to the class of ATP-site inhibitors of the platelet-derived growth-factor receptor. In the crystal, the components are linked by an O-H⋯N hydrogen bond.

Exploratory undersampling for class-imbalance learning.

Undersampling is a popular method in dealing with class-imbalance problems, which uses only a subset of the majority class and thus is very efficient. The main deficiency is that many majority class examples are ignored. We propose two algorithms to overcome this deficiency.