Annonaceous acetogenins mimic AA005 targets mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme alpha subunit to treat obesity in male mice.

Obesity and related diseases pose a major health risk, yet current anti-obesity drugs inadequately addressing clinical needs. Here we show AA005, an annonaceous acetogenin mimic, resists obesity induced by high-fat diets and leptin mutations at non-toxic doses, with the alpha subunit of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein (HADHA) as a target identified through proteomics and in vitro validation. Pharmacokinetic analysis shows AA005 enriches in adipose tissue, prompting the creation of adipose-specific Hadha-deficient mice.

An analysis of antithrombotic therapy in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions.

As a result of large, randomized trials and updates to clinical guidelines, antithrombotic therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has changed in recent years for patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). The purpose of this study was to investigate the real-world data of antithrombotic regimens at discharge and their evolving trends, as well as compare the effect of different therapies on the incidence of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ischemic events (MACCEs) and bleeding events in elderly patients. An analysis of 6298 stent implantation patients from 2016 to 2018 was carried out retrospectively.

LRP6-mediated phosphorylation of connexin43 in myocardial infarction.

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation are most causes of early death in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Conditional cardiac-specific low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6)-knockout mice with connexin 43 (Cx43) reduction triggered the lethal ventricular arrhythmias. Thus, it is necessary for exploring whether LRP6 and its upstream genes circRNA1615 mediate the phosphorylation of Cx43 in VT of AMI.

[Preparation and in vitro evaluation of quercetin nanosuspension stabilized by gypenosides].

This study was designed to explore the potential of gypenosides as a novel natural stabilizer for the production of nanosuspensions. The gypenosides-stabilized quercetin nanosuspensions(QUE-NS) were prepared using the high-speed shearing and high-pressure homogenization method with quercetin as a model drug, followed by their in vitro evaluation.Based on the measured mean particle size and polydispersity index(PDI) of QUE-NS,the single factor experiment was conducted to optimize the preparation process parameters.

Serum TSGF and miR-214 levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and their predictive value for the curative effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the expression of tumor-specific growth factor (TSGF) and microRNA-214 (miR-214) in the serum of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) and their predictive values for the curative effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 87 PHC patients were treated with TACE. According to the curative effect 1 month after TACE, PHC patients were divided into disease control group (n=56) and disease progression group (n=31).

Beneficial effects of lactitol on the composition of gut microbiota in constipated patients.

Objective: To explore the changes in microbial composition and the corresponding impact after lactitol treatment in constipated patients.

Methods: Altogether 29 consecutive outpatients diagnosed with chronic constipation from three centers were recruited and stratified based on their history of diabetes mellitus. All patients were administered with oral lactitol for 2 weeks, and a symptoms diary of constipation was recorded.

Allicin as add-on therapy for infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Allicin (2-propene-1-sulfinothioic acid S-2-propenyl ester, diallyl thiosulfinate) extracted from garlic, has proven activity against () infection. In recent years, clinical trials have explored its utility as an add-on therapy with variable outcomes reported.

Aim: To perform a systemic review of allicin as an add-on treatment for infection and assess its efficacy in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Ivabradine has a neutral effect on mortality in randomized controlled trials.

Background: It has long been a controversial hotspot whether resting heart rate (RHR) is a risk factor or a marker for death. Ivabradine, a specific inhibitor of the If current in the sinoatrial node, is a pure RHR lowering agent. The study was aimed to investigate whether ivabradine would reduce more RHR, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and all-cause mortality than those placebo or beta-blockers.

Decoding the full picture of Raf1 function based on its interacting proteins.

Raf1 is a member of the Raf kinase family and regulates many fundamental cell processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, and metabolism. However, the functions of Raf1 have not been completely elucidated. To better understand Raf1 function, we investigated the proteins that interacted with Raf1.

Short-term effects of air pollution on acute myocardial infarctions in Shanghai, China, 2013-2014.

Background: Although particulate matter, with diameters < 2.5 µm (PM2.5) and < 10 µm (PM10), and other pollutants have been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, the effect of pollutants on acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs) has rarely been investigated in Asia, especially in Shanghai, China.

Proteomic Analysis on Cercariae and Schistosomula in Reference to Potential Proteases Involved in Host Invasion of Schistosoma japonicum Larvae.

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic zoonosis posing great threat to human health. The infection is acquired by larval cercariae penetrating host skin and transforming into juveniles, schistosomula. Proteolytic enzymes secreted from the cercarial acetabular glands are known to aid to the skin penetration, but molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear.

A novel mutation of the beta myosin heavy chain gene responsible for familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disorder and shows high variability in genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic characteristics. The genetic etiology responsible for HCM in many individuals remains unclear.

Objective: This instigation was sought to identify novel genetic determinants for familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.