Advances in inflammatory senescence in liver disease.

Inflammatory senescence is a process of cellular dysfunction associated with chronic inflammation, which plays a significant role in the onset and progression of liver diseases,and the research on its mechanisms becomes a hotspot currently. In viral hepatitis, the mechanisms of inflammatory senescence primarily involve oxidative stress, cell apoptosis and necrosis, as well as gut microbiota dysbiosis. In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the mechanisms of inflammatory senescence are more complex, involving insulin resistance, fat deposition, lipid metabolism disorders, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and NAD metabolism abnormalities.

Transcription factor MAFK binds to circRPPH to regulate SIRT gene-mediated cellular pyroptosis and lung adenocarcinoma progression.

Objective: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) represents the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer (LC), accounting for 50% of all LC cases, with its occurrence continuing to rise. Multiple pyroptotic pathway mediators are implicated in LC initiation. The study delved into the mechanism of circRPPH1 in pyroptosis in LUAD.

Integration analysis using bioinformatics and experimental validation on cellular signalling for sex differences of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

There is a paucity of research examining the molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences of clinical phenotypes and the prognosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The dataset GSE36961 was retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and comprehensive bioinformatics was employed to identify the core genes linked to sex differences in HCM patients. Additionally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to detect downstream signalling pathways.

Neutrophil pyroptosis regulates corneal wound healing and post-injury neovascularisation.

Rationale: The cornea is a unique structure that maintains its clarity by remaining avascular. Corneal injuries can lead to neovascularisation (CNV) and fibrosis and are the third most common cause of blindness worldwide.

Objective: Corneal injuries induce an immune cell infiltration to initiate reparative processes.

Antihypertensive and antioxidant effects of food-derived bioactive peptides in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Hypertension significantly impacts the survival and quality of life of animals, often leading to chronic kidney failure. Current clinical drugs used to manage hypertension carry the risk of causing adverse reactions. In contrast, certain natural peptides have demonstrated the ability to safely reduce blood pressure by inhibiting the production of angiotensin.

Activating Transcription Factor 6 Mediates Inflammation in Experimental Varicocele-Induced Epididymal Epithelial Cells.

Introduction: Varicocele is a dilatation of the internal spermatic vein and it is generally recognized as one cause of male infertility. This study aimed to analyze the roles of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF-6) in experimental varicocele-induced epididymal epithelial cells.

Methods: Experimental left varicocele was established in rats through partial left renal vein ligation.

The global burden of disease attributable to preterm birth and low birth weight in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study.

Background: Preterm birth and low birth weight (PBLBW), recognised globally as primary contributors to infant mortality in children under five, have not been sufficiently investigated in terms of their worldwide impact. In this study we aimed to thoroughly evaluate the contemporary trends in disease burden attributable to PBLBW.

Methods: We analysed data from 204 countries and territories between 1990-2019, as sourced from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study.

Prognostic analysis of systemic antitumor therapy in young patients with advanced liver cancer: A cohort study.

Advanced liver cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the elderly, but it also occurs in young people in areas where hepatitis B virus is prevalent. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of systemic antitumor therapy in young patients with advanced liver cancer and investigate the influencing factors. The baseline demographic and clinical data of 38 young patients (≤35 years old) with liver cancer were collected as group A and that of 79 elderly patients (≥55 years old) with liver cancer were collected as group B.

Melt-electrowriting-enabled anisotropic scaffolds loaded with valve interstitial cells for heart valve tissue Engineering.

Tissue engineered heart valves (TEHVs) demonstrates the potential for tissue growth and remodel, offering particular benefit for pediatric patients. A significant challenge in designing functional TEHV lies in replicating the anisotropic mechanical properties of native valve leaflets. To establish a biomimetic TEHV model, we employed melt-electrowriting (MEW) technology to fabricate an anisotropic PCL scaffold.

Rapid inference of antibiotic resistance and susceptibility for Klebsiella pneumoniae by clinical shotgun metagenomic sequencing.

Objectives: The study aimed to develop a genotypic antimicrobial resistance testing method for Klebsiella pneumoniae using metagenomic sequencing data.

Methods: We utilized Lasso regression on assembled genomes to identify genetic resistance determinants for six antibiotics (Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Imipenem, Meropenem, Ceftazidime, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole). The genetic features were weighted, grouped into clusters to establish classifier models.

Prime editing-mediated correction of the leptin receptor in muscle cells of db/db mice.

Genetic diseases can be caused by monogenic diseases, which result from a single gene mutation in the DNA sequence. Many innovative approaches have been developed to cure monogenic genetic diseases, namely by genome editing. A specific type of genomic editing, prime editing, has the potential advantage to edit the human genome without requiring double-strand breaks or donor DNA templates for editing.

d-mannose targets PD-1 to lysosomal degradation and enhances T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity.

High expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), a typical immune checkpoint, results in dysfunction of T cells in tumor microenvironment. Antibodies and inhibitors against PD-1 or its ligand (PD-L1) have been widely used in various malignant tumors. However, the mechanisms by which PD-1 is regulated are not fully understood.

Mulberry leaf polysaccharide improves cyclophosphamide-induced growth inhibition and intestinal damage in chicks by modulating intestinal flora, enhancing immune regulation and antioxidant capacity.

Polysaccharides are generally considered to have immune enhancing functions, and mulberry leaf polysaccharide is the main active substance in mulberry leaves, while there are few studies on whether mulberry leaf polysaccharide (MLP) has an effect on immunosuppression and intestinal damage caused by cyclophosphamide (CTX), we investigated whether MLP has an ameliorative effect on intestinal damage caused by CTX. A total of 210 1-day-old Mahuang cocks were selected for this experiment. Were equally divided into six groups and used to evaluate the immune effect of MLP.

Serum Uric Acid Levels among Chinese Children: Reference Values and Association With Overweight/Obesity.

This study aimed to investigate the reference values for serum uric acid (SUA) levels and their association with overweight/obese in children. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 8522 participants, including 6227 normal weight children, aged 2 to 18 years in China. Among normal children, SUA levels increased with age, showing significant sex differences in children over 10 years.

Case report: Treatment of Wilson's disease by human amniotic fluid administration.

Background: Wilson's disease (WD) is not an uncommon genetic disease in clinical practice. However, the current WD therapies have limitations. The effectiveness of stem cell therapy in treating WD has yet to be verified, although a few animal studies have shown that stem cell transplantation could partially correct the abnormal metabolic phenotype of WD.

Real-world effects of Yishen Tongbi decoction for rheumatoid arthritis: protocol for a prospective, observational, multicenter cohort study with validation against double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a globally challenging and refractory autoimmune disease, constituting a serious menace to human health. RA is characterized by recurrent pain and is difficult to resolve, necessitating prolonged medication for control. Yishen Tongbi decoction is a traditional Chinese herbal compound prescribed for treating RA.

Hepatitis B virus RNAs co-opt ELAVL1 for stabilization and CRM1-dependent nuclear export.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronically infects 296 million people worldwide, posing a major global health threat. Export of HBV RNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is indispensable for viral protein translation and genome replication, however the mechanisms regulating this critical process remain largely elusive. Here, we identify a key host factor embryonic lethal, abnormal vision, Drosophila-like 1 (ELAVL1) that binds HBV RNAs and controls their nuclear export.

Effect of an NHE3 inhibitor in combination with an NPT2b inhibitor on gastrointestinal phosphate absorption in Rodent models.

Many of the pathological consequences of chronic kidney disease can be attributed to an elevation in serum phosphate levels. Current therapies focused on decreasing intestinal phosphate absorption to treat hyperphosphatemia are inadequate. The most effective therapeutic strategy may be to target multiple absorptive pathways.

Carboxymethylated Abrus cantoniensis polysaccharide prevents CTX-induced immunosuppression and intestinal damage by regulating intestinal flora and butyric acid content.

As a Chinese folk health product, Abrus cantoniensis exhibits good immunomodulatory activity because of its polysaccharide components (ACP), and carboxymethylation of polysaccharides can often further improve the biological activity of polysaccharides. In this study, we explored the impact of prophylactic administration of carboxymethylated Abrus cantoniensis polysaccharide (CM-ACP) on immunosuppression and intestinal damage induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX) in mice. Our findings demonstrated that CM-ACP exhibited a more potent immunomodulatory activity compared to ACP.

Benchmark for establishment of organoids from gastrointestinal epithelium and cancer based on available consumables and reagents.

Gastrointestinal cancers are a public health problem that threatens the lives of human being. A good experimental model is a powerful tool to promote the uncovering pathogenesis and establish novel treatment methods. High-quality biomedical research requires experimental models to recapitulate the physiological and pathological states of their parental tissues as much as possible.

Capacitive-Coupling-Responsive Hydrogel Scaffolds Offering Wireless In Situ Electrical Stimulation Promotes Nerve Regeneration.

Electrical stimulation (ES) has shown beneficial effects in repairing injured tissues. However, current ES techniques that use tissue-traversing leads and bulky external power suppliers have significant limitations in translational medicine. Hence, exploring noninvasive in vivo ES to provide controllable electrical cues in tissue engineering is an imminent necessity.

D-mannose promotes the degradation of IDH2 through upregulation of RNF185 and suppresses breast cancer.

Background: D-mannose, an epimer of glucose, which is abundant in some fruits, such as cranberry, has been previously reported to inhibit urinary tract infection. In recent years, the potential function of D-mannose has been broadened into the regulation of other inflammation diseases and cancer. It was reported that D-mannose can increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, while IDH2 is important for the generation of NADPH, the crucial reducing factor.

Autonomic nervous modulation: early treatment for pulmonary artery hypertension.

Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a chronic vascular disease defined by the elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance and mean pulmonary artery pressure, which arises due to pulmonary vascular remodelling. Prior research has already established a link between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and PAH. Therefore, the rebalancing of the ANS offers a promising approach for the treatment of PAH.

Mobilizable plasmids drive the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a notorious clinical pathogen and frequently carries various plasmids, which are the main carriers of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. In comparison to self-transmissible conjugative plasmids, mobilizable plasmids have received much less attention due to their defects in conjugative elements. However, the contribution of mobilizable plasmids to the horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence genes of K.

Efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta‑analysis.

At present, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often applied to patients who are not suitable or are unwilling to undergo surgical treatment. However, to the best of our knowledge, the efficacy and safety of HAIC combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in HCC have not been fully demonstrated. Published studies involving the treatment of patients with HCC with HAIC, ICIs and TKIs were searched from public databases, including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Sinomed.