A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Trial of Tobramycin Inhalation Solution in Adults With Bronchiectasis With Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection.

Background: Few large-scale studies have demonstrated the efficacy of tobramycin nebulization in bronchiectasis. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of nebulized tobramycin inhalation solution (TIS) in adults with bronchiectasis with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Research Question: Can TIS effectively reduce sputum P aeruginosa density and improve the bronchiectasis-specific quality of life in patients with bronchiectasis with P aeruginosa infection?

Study Design And Methods: This was a phase 3, 16-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

AMP-activated protein kinase α1 serves a carcinogenic role via regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPK α1) is involved in the tumorigenesis of various cancer types. However, the role of AMPK α1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. In the present study, 99 NSCLC tumor tissues and paired normal tissues were obtained.

Multicenter study of diagnostic procedures, genetic aberration analysis, and first-line treatment of lung cancer in Jiangsu Province, China.

Background: Jiangsu Province, China, is highly developed economically and culturally, and has a high prevalence of lung cancer. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic procedures, genetic aberration analysis status, and first-line treatment models of lung cancer in Jiangsu Province.

Methods: Lung cancer patients diagnosed in 2016 at 22 tertiary care hospitals were evaluated.

Effect of CPAP therapy on C-reactive protein and cognitive impairment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is associated with neurocognitive impairment. We examined the role of the systemic inflammatory response, measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) assay, and the effect of CPAP treatment on hsCRP and cognitive impairment in patients with OSAHS.

Methods: Eligible subjects (n = 178) were categorized into two groups: absent or mild OSAHS, and moderate to severe OSAHS.

Clinical aspects and cytokine response in adults with seasonal influenza infection.

Cytokine responses play an important role in the pathogenesis of influenza infection. Previous studies found that cytokine expressions in patients infected with the novel A (H1N1) influenza virus (nvA (H1N1)) could reflect the severity of the disease. But the patterns of cytokine response in patients infected with seasonal influenza virus and the correlations between cytokine responses and clinical data are still unknown.

[The negative enrichment by immunomagnetic beads for tumor cells from malignant pleural effusions].

Objective: To establish a method (negative enrichment by immunomagnetic beads) for detection of tumor cells in pleural effusions and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the method for clinical application.

Methods: Five, 10, 20, 50 and 100 A549 (lung adenocarcinoma) cells were labeled with DAPI and added into 20 ml pleural effusions [containing (1 - 10)×10(6)cells] from heart failure patients, followed by immunomagnetic negative enrichment method. Recovered cancer cells were enumerated using a fluorescent microscope.

[ γδ T lymphocyte function and the polymorphism of T cell receptor V δ chain in lungs of asthmatic patients].

Objective: To observe the function of gamma delta T lymphocytes and the polymorphism of T cell receptor V delta chain in the lungs of asthmatic patients and explore the role of gamma delta T cells in airway inflammation.

Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid BALF was obtained from 7 asthmatic patients and 7 healthy control individuals. The percentage of gamma delta T cell in BALF was measured by flow cytometry.

[Effect of IL-4 on ABCG2 expression in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines].

Aim: To investigate the effect of IL-4 on the expression of ABCG2 in lung adencarcinoma cell lines.

Methods: The ABCG2 mRNA and protein expression was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot respectively.

Results: The ABCG2 mRNA and protein was detectable in lung adencarcinoma cell lines A549 and SPC-A-1.

Effect of IFN-gamma and dexamethasone on TGF-beta1-induced human fetal lung fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation.

Aim: To study whether Smads signaling pathway was involved in human fetal lung fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and the role of interferon (IFN)-gamma, dexamethasone (DEX) in the fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation.

Methods: Alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), Smad2/3, and Smad7 protein were assessed by Western blot. Collagen protein was analyzed by measuring hydroxyproline.

[Influence of N-acetylcysteine on the cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rat models].

Objective: To investigate the changes of interferon-gamma (IFNgamma), interleukin (IL)-4, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, MMP-12 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rat models and the therapeutic effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

Methods: Male Wistar rats were exposed to cigarette smoke for 3.5 months.

[Different cytokine profiles in usual interstitial pneumonia and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia].

Objective: To study the distribution, the expression and the significance of TGF-beta(1), b-FGF, IL-8, IL-13 and IFN-gamma in different lung tissue compartments in usual interstitial pneumonia/idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (UIP/IPF) and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP).

Methods: Specimens were obtained by open or video-assisted thoracoscopic lung biopsy from patients with UIP (n = 5) and NSIP (n = 8). Control specimens were obtained by surgical lobectomy from patients with primary lung cancer (n = 5).