Evaluation and spatiotemporal evolution of veterinary talent competitiveness: a new perspective of veterinary education.

Introduction: Improving the quantity and quality of veterinary talent cultivation is an urgent issue to address in current veterinary education and is key to enhancing veterinary talent competitiveness. Starting from an industrial perspective, the introduction of scientific analytical methods for studying veterinary talent competitiveness offers a new view on veterinary education and helps to improve the quality of veterinary education and talent cultivation.

Methods: This study develops a veterinary talent competitiveness evaluation index based on the characteristics of veterinary talent.

Effects of multilevel metacognition on group performance and regulation in collaborative learning.

Group metacognition is essential for effective collaboration. However, existing research mainly focuses on individual metacognition in collaborative learning, and some studies focused on interpersonal metacognition. The understanding of group metacognition is limited.

Transcriptome sequencing analysis reveals the molecular mechanism of sepsis-induced muscle atrophy.

Background: Sepsis-induced skeletal muscle atrophy is accompanied by complex physiological and biochemical changes that negatively affect clinical outcomes, lead to prolonged hospitalization, and even increase mortality. However, few studies have been performed on the mechanisms of the disease, and effective treatments are still lacking. This study is aimed to research the molecular mechanisms of sepsis-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and to develop new therapeutic strategies.

Predictive value of placental growth factor level for adverse pregnancy outcome in twin pregnancies at advanced maternal age.

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of placental growth factor (PlGF) for adverse pregnancy outcome in twin pregnancies at advanced maternal age.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 387 women with twin pregnancies who delivered at Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital between March 2020 and March 2024. The women were divided into a favorable outcome group (n = 249) and an adverse outcome group (n = 138) based on their pregnancy outcome.

Impact of Educational Background on the Quality of Standardized Residency Training Program: The Case of China, a Cohort Study.

Objectives: Residency training is important worldwide and recent studies have put more emphasis on its quality evaluation. This study aims to first explore the impact of educational backgrounds on the quality of gynecology and obstetrics (OB-GYN) standardized resident training (SRT) program in China, which may provide crucial evidence for policy considerations to improve SRT quality.

Methods: A total of 397 OB-GYN resident graduates were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study.

Insights into the aroma volatiles and the changes of expression of ester biosynthesis candidate genes during postharvest storage of European pear.

During the storage period after harvest, the presence of volatile esters is essential for European pear aroma. Nevertheless, the specific molecular process underlying the production of volatile esters in European pear remains elusive. In this research, head space solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were employed to examine the volatile compounds of two varieties of European pear.

The triglyceride-glucose index and risk of cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis with inclusion of two national databases.

Background: To investigate the relationship between the triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index and cognitive impairment (CI).

Methods: Five authoritative databases were systematically searched for potentially relevant studies on 'TyG index' and 'CI' from inception to 27 April 2024. Two representative databases from the United Kingdom and United States were also included.

25.91%-Efficiency and Durable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by a Multifunctional Molecule Mediated Precursor Engineering.

The stability of the precursor is essential for producing high-quality perovskite films with minimal non-radiative recombination. In this study, methionine sulfoxide (MTSO), which features multiple electron-donation sites, is strategically chosen as a precursor stabilizer and crystal growth mediator for inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). MTSO stabilizes the precursor by inhibiting the oxidation of iodide ions and passivates charged traps through coordination and hydrogen bonding interactions.

Giant Ultrabroadband Bulk Photovoltaic Effect Engendered by Two-Photon Absorption in α-InSe for Chiral Terahertz Wave Generation.

Bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) can break the Shockley-Queisser limit by leveraging the inherent asymmetry of crystal lattice without a junction. However, this effect is mainly confined to UV-vis spectrum due to the wide-bandgap nature of traditional ferroelectric materials, thereby limiting the exploration of the infrared light-driven efficient BPVE. Herein, giant two-photon absorption (TPA) driven BPVE is uncovered from visible to infrared in ferroelectric α-InSe utilizing wavelength-tunable terahertz (THz) emission spectroscopy.

Inhibition of the cGAS‑STING Pathway Reduces Cisplatin-Induced Inner Ear Hair Cell Damage.

Although cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, it is severely toxic and causes irreversible hearing loss, restricting its application in clinical settings. This study aimed to determine the molecular mechanism underlying cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Here, we established in vitro and in vivo ototoxicity models of cisplatin-induced hair cell loss, and our results showed that reducing STING levels decreased inflammatory factor expression and hair cell death.

Family participation in dignity interventions for patients with cancer receiving palliative care: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: The global burden of cancer is escalating, with Asia accounting for over half of cancer-related deaths worldwide. As cancer often diminishes patients' quality of life and sense of dignity, dignity-related interventions have gained prominence in palliative care for patients with cancer. However, a more in-depth exploration of the involvement of families, as the fundamental social units in Confucian Asian cultures, and cultural considerations is currently lacking.

Microbial diversity and environmental determinants at Shanghai Hongqiao railway station: A comprehensive microbial assessment.

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of indoor environmental management in transportation hubs, which are critical for pathogen transmission due to high foot traffic. However, research has primarily focused on subways, with limited studies on train stations. In this study, samples were collected at the Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station in winter, spring, and summer.

Application of Bacillus cereus for synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates from industrial corn starch residue.

Starch hydrolysate from corn is typically employed as a carbon source for citric acid production by Aspergillus niger. Enzymatic or acid hydrolysis of corn starch generates a corn starch residue (CSR), which represents a potential bio-fermentation carbon source. In addition, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) can be used as an alternative to traditional petrochemical plastics.

A web-based tool for cancer risk prediction for middle-aged and elderly adults using machine learning algorithms and self-reported questions.

Background: From a global perspective, China is one of the countries with higher incidence and mortality rates for cancer.

Objective: Our objective is to create an online cancer risk prediction tool for middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults by leveraging machine learning algorithms and self-reported data.

Method: Drawing from a cohort of 19,798 participants aged 45 and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011 - 2018), we employed nine machine learning algorithms (LR: Logistic Regression, Adaboost: Adaptive Boosting, SVM: Support Vector Machine, RF: Random Forest, GNB: Gaussian Naive Bayes, GBM: Gradient Boosting Machine, LGBM: Light Gradient Boosting Machine, XGBoost: eXtreme Gradient Boosting, KNN: K - Nearest Neighbors), which are mainly used for classification and regression tasks, to construct predictive models for various cancers.

Role of PI3Kγ in the polarization, migration, and phagocytosis of microglia.

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) is a signaling protein that is constitutively expressed in immune competent cells and plays a crucial role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, deformation, and immunology. Several studies have shown that high expression of PI3Kγ can inhibit the occurrence of inflammation in microglia while also regulating the polarization of microglia to inhibit inflammation and enhance microglial migration and phagocytosis. It is well known that the regulation of microglial polarization, migration, and phagocytosis is key to the treatment of most neurodegenerative diseases.

Machine learning-based prediction and model interpretability analysis for algal growth affected by microplastics.

Microplastics (MPs), the plastic debris smaller than 5 mm, are ubiquitous in waterbodies and have been shown to be toxic to aquatic organisms, especially to microalgae. The aim of this study is to use machine learning models to predict the effects of MPs on algal growth and to evaluate the relative importance of different features (MP properties, algal characteristics, and experimental conditions) through model interpretability analysis. Based on literature search, 408 samples were collected as inputs for the models.

Systematic free energy insights into the enhanced dispersibility of myofibrillar protein in low-salt solutions through ultrasound-assisted enzymatic deamidation.

This work aimed to investigate the effects of ultrasound assisted enzymatic deamidation by protein-glutaminase (PG) on the dispersion of myofibrillar protein (MP) in low-salt solutions. The solubility, structural characteristics, transmission electron microscopy, asymmetric-flow field-flow fractionation, steady shear rheological property and multiple light scattering of MP deamidated by PG (MP-PG) and MP pretreated with ultrasound followed by PG deamidation (MP-U-PG) were determined. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to estimate the interaction between PG and MP.

Neuroendocrine regulatory network underlying physiological shifts between reproduction and aestivation of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus: Insights from transcriptome analysis.

The sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus is an economically significant marine species in China, with numerous studies focusing on its diverse physiological processes, including seasonal reproduction and aestivation. The neuroendocrine system plays a critical role in regulating these physiological transitions. In this study, we utilized transcriptomic techniques and bioinformatics tools to identify key functional genes in the nerve ring of A.

Transcriptional and molecular simulation analysis of the response mechanism of anammox bacteria to 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate stress.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) and nitrification are two vital biological pathways for ammonium oxidation, pivotal in microbial nitrogen cycling. 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) is commonly used as inhibitors in agricultural soils to reduce nitrogen losses from farmland, while whether it affect anammox is an open question. Acute inhibition tests revealed that 53.

Auxin-dependent post-translational regulation of MONOPTEROS in the Arabidopsis root.

Auxin plays a pivotal role in plant development by activating AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs (ARFs). Under low auxin levels, ARF activity is inhibited by interacting with Aux/IAAs. Aux/IAAs are degraded when the cellular auxin concentration increases, causing the release of ARF inhibition.

A novel digestive protease chymotrypsin-like serine contributes to anti-BmNPV activity in silkworm (Bombyxmori).

Serine proteases (SPs) are important proteases in the digestive system of lepidopteran insects. They play important roles in protein digestion, coagulation, signal transduction, hormone activation, inflammation and development. Blood-borne pyosis caused by Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) has caused serious harm to sericulture.

Nanoconfined catalytic macrostructures for advanced water remediation: From basic understanding to future application strategies.

In recent years, nanoconfined catalytic macrostructures applied to advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been rapidly developed, effectively solving the problems of traditional heterogeneous AOPs, such as mass transfer limitation, limited diffusion of short-lived reactive oxygen species (ROS), and aggregation/leaching of catalysts. Compared with the traditional heterogeneous AOPs systems, the nanoconfined catalytic macrostructures have unique interactions between the oxidants, catalysts, ROS and micropollutants, which could significantly increase the yield and mass transfer of ROS. At present, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the nanoconfined catalytic macrostructures from basic theory to application performances and future development strategies.

NEDD4's effect on osteoblastogenesis potential of bone mesenchymal stem cells in rats concerned with PI3K/Akt pathway.

Neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated 4 (NEDD4) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase implicated in craniofacial development. Emerging evidence suggests that NEDD4 may down-regulates Akt signaling, a key element of the PI3K/Akt pathway involved in cell differentiation. This study aimed to investigate NEDD4's role in bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) differentiation and its interaction with the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Chitosan oligosaccharide alleviates DON-induced liver injury via suppressing ferroptosis in mice.

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), a water-soluble derivative of chitin, has been recognized for its diverse biological properties. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a prevalent mycotoxin, causing extreme liver damage. However, the mechanism whereby COS alleviates DON-induced liver injury remains unclear.

Simultaneous removal of cyanobacteria and algal organic matter by Mn(VII)/CaSO enhanced coagulation: Performance and mechanism.

Frequent outbreaks of algal blooms greatly threatened drinking water safety, garnering widespread attention. Mn/CaSO is emerging in the field of organic matter removal with its efficient oxidizing capacity and wide pH application range. The performance of Mn(VII)/CaSO as a pre-oxidation process enhancing coagulation for algae removal (Microcystis aeruginosa, 2 (±0.