Intermittent social isolation enhances social investigation but impairs social memory in adult male mice.

Social isolation profoundly impacts motivated behavior and neural plasticity. While the effects of acute and chronic social isolation have been extensively studied, the consequences of intermittent isolation during adulthood, particularly relevant to modern lifestyles, remain poorly understood. This study investigated the impact of intermittent social isolation (ISI) on social behavior and brain activation in adult male mice.

Clinical significance of circulating long non-coding RNA SNHG1 in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its association with cell proliferation of pancreatic β-cell.

Background: To explore the association of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG1/ miR-195 axis with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and islet function.

Methods: The expression of SNHG1 and miR-195 was measured in T2DM patients and in healthy subjects. Correlation between indciators was evaluated using Pearson correlation analysis.

Helically twisted nonlinear photonic crystals.

Nonlinear photonic crystals with a helical structure in the second-order nonlinear coefficient (χ) are fabricated using infrared femtosecond laser poling in ferroelectric SrBaNbO crystals. The quasi-orbital angular momentum of the helical χ structure can be imprinted on the interacting photons during nonlinear optical processes, allowing the topological charge of the generated photons at new frequencies to be controlled. Here we study the case of a double-helix nonlinear photonic structure for the generation of a second-harmonic vortex beam from a Gaussian pump beam without phase singularity.

Neurexin-3 in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus regulates body weight and glucose homeostasis independently of food intake.

Neurexin-3 (Nrxn3) has been genetically associated with obesity, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of Nrxn3 in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) in regulating energy balance and glucose homeostasis. We found that Nrxn3 expression in the PVN was upregulated in response to metabolic stressors, including cold exposure and fasting.

Renin-angiotensin system inhibitor use and risk of Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis.

Background: Hypertension is a recognized risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors are widely used to treat hypertension. However, the association of RAS inhibitor use with PD has still been an area of controversy.

Transferable non-invasive modal fusion-transformer (NIMFT) for end-to-end hand gesture recognition.

Recent studies have shown that integrating inertial measurement unit (IMU) signals with surface electromyographic (sEMG) can greatly improve hand gesture recognition (HGR) performance in applications such as prosthetic control and rehabilitation training. However, current deep learning models for multimodal HGR encounter difficulties in invasive modal fusion, complex feature extraction from heterogeneous signals, and limited inter-subject model generalization. To address these challenges, this study aims to develop an end-to-end and inter-subject transferable model that utilizes non-invasively fused sEMG and acceleration (ACC) data.

Wearable 12-Lead ECG Acquisition Using a Novel Deep Learning Approach from Frank or EASI Leads with Clinical Validation.

The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is crucial in assessing patient decisions. However, portable ECG devices capable of acquiring a complete 12-lead ECG are scarce. For the first time, a deep learning-based method is proposed to reconstruct the 12-lead ECG from Frank leads (V, V, and V) or EASI leads (V, V, and V).

Nonlinear generation of an optical bottle beam in domain-engineered ferroelectric crystals.

Nonlinear wavefront shaping in periodically poled ferroelectric crystals has received great attention because it offers a convenient way to generate a structured light beam at new frequencies. In contrast to structurally uniform beams like Laguerre-Gaussian or Hermite-Gaussian modes, here we demonstrate the possibility to generate a spatially varied optical bottle beam via a frequency doubling process in a domain-engineered SrBaNbO (SBN) crystal. The nonlinear holography method was employed to design the modulation pattern of the second-order nonlinear coefficient χ, and the femtosecond laser poling was used to imprint the χ pattern into the SBN crystal via ferroelectric domain inversion.

The prognostic utility of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with colorectal liver metastasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is used to reflect body's inflammatory status with prognostic value in different cancers. We aimed to investigate the influence of preoperative NLR in the prognosis of CRLM patients receiving surgery using meta-analysis. Data in Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases created before October 2022 were recruited.

Ferroelectric domain engineering with femtosecond pulses of different wavelengths.

Direct femtosecond laser writing of ferroelectric domain structures has been an indispensable technique for engineering the second-order optical nonlinearity of materials in three dimensions. It utilizes localized thermoelectric field motivated by nonlinear absorption at the position of laser focus to manipulate domains. However, the impact of laser wavelengths, which is pivotal in nonlinear absorption, on the inverted domains is still sketchy.

(CHNO)PbX (X = Cl, Br): Design of Two Lead Halide Perovskite Crystals with Moderate Nonlinear Optical Properties.

Introducing electronegative species into organic constituents was considered to be one effective strategy for adjusting crystal symmetry and designing new nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. By substitution of C4 in piperidine (CHN) with electronegative oxygen, organic morpholine (CHNO) was easily obtained. Therefore, to design NLO crystals, we focused on combinations of stereochemically active lone-pair (SCALP) cation (Pb)-based chloride and bromide with morpholine molecules.

Effect of spatial variation of the duty cycle in transverse second-harmonic generation.

Transverse second-harmonic generation, in which the emission angles of the second harmonic are determined by the spatial modulation of the quadratic nonlinearity, has important applications in nonlinear optical imaging, holography, and beam shaping. Here we study the role of the local duty cycle of the nonlinearity on the light intensity distribution in transverse second-harmonic generation, taking the generation of perfect vortices in periodically poled ferroelectric crystal as an example. We show, theoretically and experimentally, that spatial variations of the nonlinearity modulation must be accompanied by the corresponding changes of the width of inverted ferroelectric domains, to ensure uniformity of the light intensity distribution in the generated second harmonic.

Saline short-term shock and rapid recovery on anammox performance.

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) is an environmental-friendly biological nitrogen removal process, which has been developed as a promising technology in industrial wastewater treatment. However, anammox nitrogen removal under high saline conditions still faces many challenges. This study investigated the performance of anammox sludge under saline short-term shock and the strategy of rapid recovery.

Integration of Global and Local Features for Specular Reflection Inpainting in Colposcopic Images.

Objective: To explore an inpainting method that can balance texture details and visual observability to eliminate the specular reflection (SR) regions in the colposcopic image, thus improving the accuracy of clinical diagnosis for cervical cancer.

Methods: (1) To ensure smoothness, Gaussian Blur and filling methods are applied to the global image. (2) Striving to preserve the anatomical texture details of the colposcopic image as much as possible, the exemplar-based method is applied to local blocks.

Transient Study of Femtosecond Laser-Induced GeSbTe Phase Change Film Morphology.

Femtosecond laser-induced crystallization and ablation of GeSbTe (GST) phase change film is investigated by reflectivity pump-probing technology. Below the ablation threshold, the face-centered cubic structure (FCC) state in the central area can be formed, and cylindrical rims are formed in the peripheral dewetting zone due to the solidification of transported matter. The time of surface temperature dropping to the crystallization point needs about 30 ps for 5.

Metallic 2H-Tantalum Selenide Nanomaterials as Saturable Absorber for Dual-Wavelength Q-Switched Fiber Laser.

A novel 2H-phase transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD)-tantalum selenide (TaSe) with metallic bandgap structure is a potential photoelectric material. A band structure simulation of TaSe via ab initio method indicated its metallic property. An effective multilayered TaSe saturable absorber (SA) was fabricated using liquid-phase exfoliation and optically driven deposition.

Overexpression of protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 facilitates tumor growth and indicates unfavorable prognosis of patients with colon cancer.

Background: Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) has been reported to play important role in the pathogenesis of various cancers. However, its role in colon cancer has not been studied. Here, we aimed to investigate the biological functions and potential mechanism of PRC1 in colon cancer.

A Real-Time 3D Measurement System for the Blast Furnace Burden Surface Using High-Temperature Industrial Endoscope.

Capturing the three-dimensional (3D) shape of the burden surface of a blast furnace (BF) in real-time with high accuracy is crucial for improving gas flow distribution, optimizing coke operation, and stabilizing BF operation. However, it is difficult to perform 3D shape measurement of the burden surface in real-time during the ironmaking process because of the high-temperature, high-dust, and lightless enclosed environment inside the BF. To solve this problem, a real-time 3D measurement system is developed in this study by combining an industrial endoscope with a virtual multi-head camera array 3D reconstruction method.

Broadband enhancement of Čerenkov second harmonic generation in a sunflower spiral nonlinear photonic crystal.

We present an experimental study on the Čerenkov second harmonic emission in a novel sunflower spiral array of ferroelectric domains in LiNbO crystal. The spiral patterns offer a diffusive, circularly symmetric distribution of reciprocal lattice vectors, thereby enabling enhanced emission of the Čerenkov beam in a broad spectral range. Instead of the traditional electric field poling, the sunflower spiral patterns are fabricated here by using our pioneering method of ferroelectric domain engineering with ultrafast light.

Overexpression of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase contributes to tumour metastasis and correlates with poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

This study aimed to evaluate the biological role of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPPS) in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. GGPPS expression was detected in lung adenocarcinoma tissues by qRT-PCR, tissue microarray (TMA) and western blotting. The relationships between GGPPS expression and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients were assessed.

Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Ieodomycin B.

Ieodomycin B, which shows in vitro antimicrobial activity, was isolated from a marine species. A novel asymmetric total synthetic approach to ieodomycin B using commercially available geraniol was achieved. The approach involves the generation of 1,3--dihydroxyl at C-3 and C-5 positions via a Crimmins-modified Evans aldol reaction and a chelation-controlled Mukaiyama aldol reaction of a -methoxybenzyl-protected aldehyde, as well as the generation of a lactone ring in a deprotection-lactonization one-pot reaction.

Polymorphisms of HLA-DM on Treatment Response to Interferon/Ribavirin in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Type 1 Infection.

Background: gene, which is related to antigen processing and presentation and located in the non-classical class-II region of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region, may play a crucial role in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection treatment outcomes. The study was conducted to evaluate the role of the variant of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gene in HCV treatment outcomes.

Methods: We genotyped four SNPs from the candidate genes ( and ) in 336 patients who were treated with pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin (PEG IFN-α/RBV).