A chromosome-level genome assembly of critically endangered Ochetobius elongatus.

Ochetobius elongatus, a critically endangered species found in the Yangtze River was the subject of our study in which we leveraged PacBio and Hi-C data to assemble a chromosome-scale genome. This assembly comprises 24 pseudo-chromosomes, yielding a genome size of 883.1 Mb with a scaffold N50 length of 35.

Survival feature and trend of female breast cancer: A comprehensive review of survival analysis from cancer registration data.

To better understand global patterns, chronological changes, and international comparisons of female breast cancer survival, we reviewed published data from population-based cancer registries worldwide. Using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SEER, and SinoMed, a comprehensive literature search was conducted for female breast cancer survival from the population-based cancer registries through 31 December 2023. Observed, relative, and net survival rates and their corresponding age-standardized survival rates since the 1990s were collected and further stratified by prognostic factors.

CO-broken Ti-O bonds in the TiO octahedron of CaTiO for greatly enhanced room-temperature ferromagnetism.

Preparation of two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic nanomaterials and the study of their magnetic sources are crucial for the exploration of new materials with multiple applications. Herein, two-dimensional room-temperature ferromagnetic (FM) CaTiO nanosheets are successfully constructed with the assistance of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO). In this process, the SC CO-induced strain effect can lead to lattice expansion and introduction of O vacancies.

Functional Segregation-Integration Preference Configures the Cognitive Decline Against Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: An MRI Study.

Introduction: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is highly prevalent in elder individuals, and its variable cognitive outcomes indicate some cognitive reserve mechanisms. Contribution from functional network features is still unclear. Here we explore how functional segregation-integration preference influences the cognitive changes against CSVD.

Trade-offs among brain structural network characteristics across the cognitive decline process in cerebral small vessel disease.

Objectives: To investigate the potential trade-offs among brain structural network characteristics across different stages of cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Methods: A total of 264 CSVD patients, including 95 patients with non-cognitive impairment (NCI), 142 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 27 with vascular dementia (VaD), and 30 healthy controls (HC) underwent cognitive test and brain diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The brain structural network was constructed using connections between 90 cortical and subcortical regions.

Regulating Organic Modifiers on Metal-Based Catalysts for Enhanced Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

Electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) has been proved as a promising pathway for valuable chemical production and sustainable carbon cycling. Various regulatory strategies have been explored to boost CORR performance. Among these, metal-based electrocatalytic CORR systems regulated by organic modifiers have been shown to play a pivotal role in regulating the complex catalytic processes.

Ultrafast Ion Transport in 2D Confined MXene for Improved Electrochemical Performance: Boron-Atom-Substituted -OH Termination.

Regulating the surface termination of a confined space to achieve ultrafast ion transport remains an ongoing challenge. Two-dimensional (2D) MXenes possess adjustable structures and interlayer spacing, which provide an ideal platform for in-depth investigation of ion transport in 2D confined space; however, the strong interaction of the negatively charged terminations in MXenes hinders the transport of intercalated cations. In this work, we proposed a strategy that precisely regulates the surface modification of TiCT MXene with the weak polarity of boron atoms (SCB-MXene) via the distinct effect of supercritical CO.

Supercritical CO-Guided Passivation Strategies for Oxygen Vacancy Modulation in LaMnO.

The development of 2D magnetic materials and the modulation of intrinsic magnetism are essential for the exploration of new materials in the field of information storage. Despite its strong ferromagnetic properties, LaMnO is hindered by a high number of oxygen defects, which result in a relatively short lifetime when employed in electronic memory devices. Here the successful transformation of bulk LaMnO into a 2D structure using supercritical carbon dioxide.

Gut microbiome pattern impacts treatment response in primary biliary cholangitis.

Background: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a progressive autoimmune liver disease. An inadequate response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) poses a high risk of progression toward end-stage liver disease. Gut dysbiosis has been implicated in PBC.

Predicting white-matter hyperintensity progression and cognitive decline in patients with cerebral small-vessel disease: a magnetic resonance-based habitat analysis.

Background: White-matter hyperintensity (WMH) is the key magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) marker of cerebral small-vessel disease (CSVD). This study aimed to investigate whether habitat analysis based on physiologic MRI parameters can predict the progression of WMH and cognitive decline in CSVD.

Methods: Diffusion- and perfusion-weighted imaging data were obtained from 69 patients with CSVD at baseline and at 1-year of follow-up.

Introduction of the -B(OH) group into a graphene motif for p orbital removal and ferromagnetic modulation.

Room-temperature ferromagnetism in graphene has attracted considerable attention due to its potential application as spintronics. Theoretically, magnetic moment of graphene can be generated by removing a single p orbital from the π system, which introduces an unpaired electron into the graphene motif for magnetic coupling. In this work, p orbital of graphene is experimentally removed by cleaving the π bond of graphene using HBO with the assistance of supercritical CO (SC CO), which simultaneously introduces -B(OH) groups and unpaired electrons.

Long-Term Survival Trend of Gynecological Cancer: A Systematic Review of Population-Based Cancer Registration Data.

Gynecological cancer significantly affect the health of women. This review aimed to describe the global patterns and trends in the survival of patients with gynecological cancers. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SinoMed, and SEER for survival analyses of cancer registration data of cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers published between 1980 and 2022.

2D NiFeO/Ni(OH) Heterostructure-Based Self-Supporting Electrode With Synergistic Surface/Interfacial Engineering for Efficient Water Electrooxidation.

To meet the industrial demand for overall water splitting, oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts with low-cost, highly effective, and durable properties are urgently required. Herein, a facile confined strategy is utilized to construct 2D NiFeO/Ni(OH) heterostructures-based self-supporting electrode with surface-interfacial coengineering, in which abundant and ultrastable interfaces are developed. Under the high molar ratio of Ni/Fe, both spinel oxide and hydroxides phases are formed simultaneously to obtain 2D NiFeO/Ni(OH) heterostructure.

Disturbed glucose homeostasis and its increased allostatic load in response to individual, joint and fluctuating air pollutants exposure: Evidence from a longitudinal study in prediabetes.

We investigated the effect of individual, joint and fluctuating exposure to air pollution (PM, BC, NO, NH, OM, SO, PM, NO, SO, O) on glucose metabolisms among prediabetes, and simultaneously explored the modifying effect of lifestyle. We conducted a longitudinal study among prediabetes during 2018-2022. Exposure windows within 60-days moving averages and their variabilities were calculated.

Exploring cognitive related microstructural alterations in normal appearing white matter and deep grey matter for small vessel disease: A quantitative susceptibility mapping study.

Brain microstructural alterations possibly occur in the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and grey matter of small vessel disease (SVD) patients, and may contribute to cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to explore cognitive related microstructural alterations in white matter and deep grey matter nuclei in SVD patients using magnetic resonance (MR) quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). 170 SVD patients, including 103 vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI) and 67 no cognitive impairment (NCI), and 21 healthy control (HC) subjects were included, all underwent a whole-brain QSM scanning.

Copper Intercalation Induces Amorphization of 2D Cu/WO for Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism.

Ferromagnetism in the two-dimensional limit has become an intriguing topic for exploring new physical phenomena and potential applications. To induce ferromagnetism in 2D materials, intercalation has been proposed to be an effective strategy, which could introduce lattice distortion and unpaired spin into the material to modulate the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and magnetic exchange interactions. To strengthen the understanding of the magnetic origin of 2D material, Cu was introduced into a 2D WO through chemical intercalation in this work (2D Cu/WO).

Quantifying neuroinflammation within deep gray matter in small vessel disease using diffusion tensor based free-water imaging: a longitudinal study.

Purpose: Employing free water (FW) imaging, a cutting-edge diffusion MRI technique, we assessed neuroinflammation within deep gray matter (DGM) in small vessel disease (SVD) over 1-2 years.

Method: One hundred and seventy SVD patients and 21 healthy controls (HCs) underwent MRI scans and neuropsychological evaluations at baseline. These patients were then categorized into two groups: 67 displayed no cognitive impairment (NCI), while 103 exhibited vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI).

Far-Red Aggregation-Induced Emission Hydrogel-Reinforced Tissue Clearing for 3D Vasculature Imaging of Whole Lung and Whole Tumor.

Understanding the vascular formation and distribution in metastatic lung tumors is a significant challenge due to autofluorescence, antibody/dye diffusion in dense tumor, and fluorophore stability when exposed to solvent-based clearing agents. Here, an approach is presented that redefines 3D vasculature imaging within metastatic tumor, peritumoral lung tissue, and normal lung. Specifically, a far-red aggregation-induced emission nanoparticle with surface amino groups (termed as TSCN nanoparticle, TSCNNP) is designed for in situ formation of hydrogel (TSCNNP@Gel) inside vasculatures to provide structural support and enhance the fluorescence in solvent-based tissue clearing method.

Inflammation as a pathway for heavy metal-induced liver damage-Insights from a repeated-measures study in residents exposed to metals and bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Epidemiological studies on heavy metal exposure and liver injury are predominantly cross-sectional, lacking longitudinal data and exploration of potential mechanisms.

Method: We conducted a repeated-measures study in Northeast China from 2016 to 2019, involving 322 participants. Linear mixed models (LMM) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were employed to explore the associations between individual and mixed blood metal concentrations [chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb)] and liver function biomarkers [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), total protein (TP)].

Heavy metals and elderly kidney health: A multidimensional study through Enviro-target Mendelian Randomization.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), closely linked to environmental factors, poses a significant public health challenge. This study, based on 529 triple-repeated measures from key national environmental pollution area and multiple gene-related public databases, employs various epidemiological and bioinformatics models to assess the impact of combined heavy metal exposure (Chromium [Cr], Cadmium [Cd], and Lead [Pb]) on early renal injury and CKD in the elderly. Introducing the novel Enviro-Target Mendelian Randomization method, our research explores the causal relationship between metals and CKD.

The health and economic burden of ozone pollution on Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment in China.

Ozone pollution is increasingly recognized as a serious environmental threat that exacerbates dementia risks, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Amid rapid industrialization, China faces significant air quality challenges. However, there has been a scarcity of detailed studies assessing the health and economic impacts of ozone pollution on these conditions.

A KNOX Ⅱ transcription factor suppresses the NLR immune receptor BRG8-mediated immunity in rice.

Nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins are activated by detecting pathogen effectors, which in turn trigger host defenses and cell death. Although many NLRs have been identified, the mechanisms responsible for NLR-triggered defense responses are still poorly understood. In this study, through a genome-wide association study approach, we identified a novel NLR gene, Blast Resistance Gene 8 (BRG8), which confers resistance to rice blast and bacterial blight diseases.

Linkage-Mediated Electronic Structure Modulation in Multicomponent Covalent Organic Frameworks for Dramatically Promoted Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

Linkage chemistry is an essential aspect to covalent organic framework (COF) applications; it is highly desirable to precisely modulate electronic structure mediated directly by linkage for efficient COF-based photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, which however, remains substantially challenging. Herein, as a proof of concept, a collection of robust multicomponent pyrene-based COFs with abundant donor-acceptor (D-A) interactions has been judiciously designed and synthesized through molecularly engineering linkage for photogeneration of hydrogen. Controlled locking and conversion of linkage critically contribute to continuously regulating COFs' electronic structures further to optimize photocatalytic activities.

Complex interplay of heavy metals and renal injury: New perspectives from longitudinal epidemiological evidence.

Background: Epidemiological studies have reported associations between heavy metals and renal function. However, longitudinal studies are required to further validate these associations and explore the interactive effects of heavy metals on renal function and their directional influence.

Method: This study, conducted in Northeast China from 2016 to 2021, included a four-time repeated measures design involving 384 participants (1536 observations).