Engineered Lactobacillus rhamnosus Producing 3-Hydroxybutyrate: A Dual-Action Therapeutic Strategy for Colon Cancer Cachexia.

3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB), an essential endogenous metabolite, shows significant therapeutic potential in several disease contexts. However, its clinical application has been hampered by limitations, such as adverse effects on the gut microbiota. This study introduces a genetically engineered strain of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGGK) that integrates the benefits of 3-HB production with the probiotic properties of LGG.

Enhanced Osteoporosis Treatment via Nano Drug Coating Encapsulating GG.

Osteoporosis is the most common systemic skeletal disorder, particularly associated with aging and postmenopausal women. With the growing knowledge about the gut-bone axis, the therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis have been shifted toward regulating gut microbiota to promote positive bone metabolism. Although GG (LGG) is widely reported to positively regulate bone metabolism by restoring the dysbiotic microbiome, oral administration is associated with sensitivity to gastric fluid and low bioavailability.

Antioxidant taurine inhibits chondrocyte ferroptosis through upregulation of OGT/Gpx4 signaling in osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms by which taurine protects against cartilage degeneration.

Methods: The anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) surgery was used to construct an animal model of osteoarthritis (OA). Metabolomics was used to identify characteristic metabolites in osteoarthritic chondrocytes.

Role of TNFRSF12A in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and proinflammatory cytokine expression by regulating the MAPK and NF-κB pathways in thyroid cancer cells.

Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12A (TNFRSF12A) has been reported to be upregulated in thyroid cancer (THCA). However, the role and mechanism of TNFRSF12A in THCA remain largely unknown. TNFRSF12A expression in THCA samples was analyzed using bioinformatics analysis.

Application of norepinephrine in the treatment of septic shock: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of norepinephrine in the treatment of septic shock.

Methods: Literature retrieval of eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on norepinephrine in the treatment of septic shock was performed in three English databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline from database establishment to October 1, 2023. The Cochrane risk bias tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature.

Advances and prospects in tumor infiltrating lymphocyte therapy.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy in adoptive T-cell therapy (ACT) has already caused durable regression in a variety of cancer types due to T-cell persistence, clinical activity, and duration of objective response and safety. TILs are composed of polyclonal effector T-cells specific to heterogenetic tumor antigens, reasonably providing a promising means for tumor therapy. In addition, their expansion in vitro can release them from the suppressive tumor microenvironment.

FGL2 peptides improve the antitumor effect of HCMV-IE1mut vaccine against glioblastoma by modulating immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor characterized by poor prognosis and lack of effective treatments. In recent years, peptide vaccines that use sequences based on tumor-specific or tumor-associated antigens to activate immune responses against tumor cells have emerged as a new therapeutic strategy. In this study, we developed a novel therapeutic polypeptide vaccine targeting the tumor-associated antigen Fibrinogen-Like Protein 2 (FGL2), whose dominant epitope peptide was tandemly linked to the C-terminus of HCMV-IE1mut via a linker.

Metabolic adaptations of YLB-09 for survival in the high-pressure environment of the deep sea.

Elucidation of the adaptation mechanisms and survival strategies of deep-sea microorganisms to extreme environments could provide a theoretical basis for the industrial development of extreme enzymes. There is currently a lack of understanding of the metabolic adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea microorganisms to high-pressure environments. The objective of this study was to investigate the metabolic regulatory mechanisms enabling a strain of the deep-sea bacterium to thrive under high-pressure conditions.

Direct oxygen insertion into C-C bond of styrenes with air.

Skeletal editing of single-atom insertion to basic chemicals has been demonstrated as an efficient strategy for the discovery of structurally diversified compounds. Previous endeavors in skeletal editing have successfully facilitated the insertion of boron, nitrogen, and carbon atoms. Given the prevalence of oxygen atoms in biologically active molecules, the direct oxygenation of C-C bonds through single-oxygen-atom insertion like Baeyer-Villiger reaction is of particular significance.

Half substitution of mineral N with fish protein hydrolysate enhancing microbial residue C and N storage and climate benefits under high straw residue return.

The widespread utilization of straw return was a popular practice straw disposal for highly intensive agriculture in China, which has brought about some negative impacts such as less time for straw complete biodegradation, aggravation of greenhouse gas evolution, and lower efficient of carbon accumulation. It was urgent to find an eco-friendly N-rich organic fertilizer instead of mineral N as activator to solve the above problems and lead a carbon accumulation in long tern management. Besides, microbial necromass was considered as a crucial contributor to persistent soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pool.

Keratoconus and inflammatory bowel disease: mendelian randomization.

Background: Keratoconus is a diseased corneal dilation of unknown etiology. Studies have shown that inflammation may play a role in keratoconus. Inflammatory enteritis (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disease.

Reparative effects after low-dose radiation exposure: Inhibition of atherosclerosis by reducing NETs release.

Objective: The cardiovascular system effects of environmental low-dose radiation exposure on radiation practitioners remain uncertain and require further investigation. The aim of this study was to initially investigate and explore the mechanisms by which low-dose radiation may contribute to atherosclerosis through a multi-omics joint comprehensive basic experiment.

Methods: We used WGCNA and differential analyses to identify shared genes and potential pathways between radiation injury and atherosclerosis sequencing datasets, as well as tissue transcriptome immune infiltration level extrapolation and single-cell transcriptome data correction using the CIBERSORT deconvolution algorithm.

Research on a Calculation Model of Ankle-Joint-Torque-Based sEMG.

The purpose of this article is to establish a prediction model of joint movements and realize the prediction of joint movemenst, and the research results are of reference value for the development of the rehabilitation equipment. This will be carried out by analyzing the impact of surface electromyography (sEMG) on ankle movements and using the Hill model as a framework for calculating ankle joint torque. The table and scheme used in the experiments were based on physiological parameters obtained through the model.

Vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 knockdown exerts anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-autophagic, and pro-ferroptotic effects on colorectal cancer cells by inhibition of the JAK/STAT3 pathway.

Vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 (VAMP8), a soluble n-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor receptor protein, acts as an oncogenic gene in the progression of several malignancies. Nevertheless, the roles and mechanisms of VAMP8 in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remain unknown. The expression and prognostic significance of VAMP8 in CRC samples were analyzed through bioinformatics analyses.

Identification of an Enterococcus faecium strain isolated from raw bovine milk co-harbouring the oxazolidinone resistance genes optrA and poxtA in China.

Oxazolidinones are potent antimicrobial agents used to treat human infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. The growing resistance to oxazolidinones poses a significant threat to public health. In August 2021, a linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecium BN83 was isolated from a raw milk sample of cow in Inner Mongolia, China.

Cuproptosis-Related Biomarkers and Characterization of Immune Infiltration in Sepsis.

Introduction: Sepsis is a worldwide epidemic, with high morbidity and mortality. Cuproptosis is a form of cell death that is associated with a wide range of diseases. This study aimed to explore genes associated with cuproptosis in sepsis, construct predictive models and screen for potential targets.

Advances in application of CRISPR-Cas13a system.

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins serve as an adaptive immune system that safeguards prokaryotes and some of the viruses that infect prokaryotes from foreign nucleic acids (such as viruses and plasmids). The genomes of the majority of archaea and about half of all bacteria contain various CRISPR-Cas systems. CRISPR-Cas systems depend on CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs).

Design, simulation, and testing of a tunable MEMS multi-threshold inertial switch.

This paper presents a tunable multi-threshold micro-electromechanical inertial switch with adjustable threshold capability. The demonstrated device combines the advantages of accelerometers in providing quantitative acceleration measurements and g-threshold switches in saving power when in the inactive state upon experiencing acceleration below the thresholds. The designed proof-of-concept device with two thresholds consists of a cantilever microbeam and two stationary electrodes placed at different positions in the sensing direction.

TMEM97 knockdown inhibits 5-fluorouracil resistance by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and ABC transporter expression via inactivating the Akt/mTOR pathway in 5-fluorouracil-resistant colorectal cancer cells.

Resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is still a primary setback to the success of colorectal cancer (CRC) chemotherapy. Transmembrane protein 97 (TMEM97) functions as an oncogene in CRC. However, the role and mechanism of TMEM97 in regulating 5-FU resistance in CRC cells remains unclear.

Bacteriophage endolysin Ply113 as a potent antibacterial agent against polymicrobial biofilms formed by and .

Antibiotic resistance in , , and remains a major public health concern worldwide. Furthermore, these microbes frequently co-exist in biofilm-associated infections, largely nullifying antibiotic-based therapy. Therefore, it is imperative to develop an efficient therapeutic strategy for combating infections caused by polymicrobial biofilms.

Identification of a novel ferroptosis-related gene signature associated with retinal degeneration induced by light damage in mice.

Background: Neurodegenerative retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa are serious disorders that may cause irreversible visual impairment. Ferroptosis is a novel type of programmed cell death, and the involvement of ferroptosis in retinal degeneration is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the related ferroptosis genes in a mice model of retinal degeneration induced by light damage.