[Interpretation of Detection of Intestinal Helminthes-The Kato-Katz Method (WS/T 570-2017)].

The criteria for the Kato-Katz thick smear are compiled following the The criteria are composed of five chapters, including the range of application, terms and definitions, equipments, reagent materials, and testing procedures. Three informative appendices (identification of helminth eggs in human faeces, counting method of eggs in Kato-Katz thick smear, and other considerations) are appended. The criteria have been issued by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, it provides a technical reference for the detection of helminth eggs in human faeces in medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions.

[Interpretation of Diagnostic Criteria for Clonorchiasis].

infection is carcinogenic to human, which results in cholangiocarcinoma, confirmed by the World Health Organization. An investigation in 2005 indicated that the standardized infection rate was 0.58%, with 12 490 000 infected people estimated in the clonorchiasis endemic areas in China.

Risk factors for Enterobius vermicularis infection in children in Gaozhou, Guangdong, China.

Background: Enterobius vermicularis infection is a prevalent intestinal parasitic disease in children. In this study, we explored the epidemiological status and risk factors for E. vermicularis infection in children in southern China.

Increasing prevalence and intensity of foodborne clonorchiasis, Hengxian County, China, 1989-2011.

During 1989-2011, three parasitic disease surveys were conducted in Hengxian County, China, where soil-transmitted helminthiases and foodborne clonorchiasis are endemic. We compared the data and found that the prevalence of helminthiases decreased and the prevalence and intensity of clonorchiasis increased over time, especially among men. Clonorchiasis control/intervention measures are urgently needed in this area.

[Enterobius vermicularis infection status among children in 9 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities of China].

Objective: To investigate the infection status of Enterobius vermicularis among children in 9 Provinces/Autonomous regions/Municipalities (P/A/M) of China, and analyze its risk factors.

Method: From April to December 2011, one provincial capital (prefecture-level city) and one county (city, district) were chosen as investigation spots from Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Chongqing, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui and Guizhou, respectively. Children aged 2 to 12 were examined by using adhesive cellophane anal swab with round-bottom tube.

Epidemiological profile of Clonorchis sinensis infection in one community, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.

Background: Clonorchiasis caused by ingesting improperly prepared fish ranks among the most important but still neglected food-borne parasitic diseases, especially in the People's Republic of China (P.R. China).

Analysis of the results of two nationwide surveys on Clonorchis sinensis infection in China.

Objective: To examine Clonorchis sinensis infection in China and evaluate the effectiveness of efforts to prevent and control it, two nationwide surveys were undertaken in 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities (PAMs) during 1988-92 (the 1990 survey) and during 2001-04 (the 2003 survey).

Methods: During the period 2001-04, two sampling methods were applied. The first method repeated the stratified cluster random sampling used in the 1990 survey; the second method applied two-characteristic stratified cluster random sampling in 27 PAMs-the 2003 endemic area (EA) survey.

[Study on a new prevention and control model on soil-borne parasitic diseases in rural areas of China].

Objective: To explore a new prevention and control model on soil-borne parasitic diseases in rural areas of China.

Methods: Eight provinces and autonomous regions were selected in China as demonstration areas implementing integrated control on soil-borne parasitic diseases. The integrated control measures included authority organization and harmonization, health education, deworming, and environment modification.

[Application and evaluation on five health education patterns of integrated control for parasitic diseases].

Objective: To explore the strategy of health education in demonstration plots for controlling the infections of soil-transmitted helminthes (STH) and Clonorchis sinensis.

Methods: Health education patterns including "raining", "irrigating", "spraying", "spring", "drop irrigating" patterns were conducted in demonstration zones. Before and after the health education, the questionnaire designed referring to the standard of KAP was carried out in residents and students.

[Cost-effectiveness analysis of integrated control strategy of parasitic diseases in demonstration plots].

Objective: To study the cost-effectiveness of different deworming schemes in demonstration plots of integrated control of parasitic diseases.

Methods: The cost-effectiveness was analyzed between mass drug administration and drug administration to focal population according to the different infection rates of parasites.

Results: In the demonstration plots of soil-born nematodes control, the costs for reducing one infected case and the cost for reducing 1% infection rate per ten thousand people in mass drug administration groups (Group 1 and Group 2) and drug administration to focal population were 20.

[Prevention and treatment of ascariasis in demonstration plots of integrated control from 2006 to 2009].

Objective: To understand the situation of Ascaris lumbricoides infection in the demonstration plots and evaluate the effect of integrated intervention measures.

Methods: The integrated intervention measures included health education, mass chemotherapy, safe water and sanitary toilets. The changes of infection rates of Ascaris lumbricoides in residents were observed before and after the intervention.

[Effect of control on infections of soil-transmitted helminthes in demonstration plots of China for 3 years].

Objective: To explore the control strategies so as to provide the demonstration for controlling the infection of soil-transmitted helminthes (STH).

Methods: The program applied the strategies of health education intervention first, control of infection sources as the second, and carried out the treatment for the target people depending on their prevalence. Infection rates of STH, the awareness of relevant hygiene knowledge, practice in hygiene way, the usage of harmless toilets and safe water were compared with the baseline.

Disability weight of Clonorchis sinensis infection: captured from community study and model simulation.

Background: Clonorchiasis is among the most neglected tropical diseases. It is caused by ingesting raw or undercooked fish or shrimp containing the larval of Clonorchis sinensis and mainly endemic in Southeast Asia including China, Korea and Vietnam. The global estimations for population at risk and infected are 601 million and 35 million, respectively.

Current status of soil-transmitted nematode infection in China.

Objective: To carry out national surveys for ascertaining the current status and trends of soil-transmitted nematode infections in China, providing scientific basis for further developing control strategies.

Methods: In 1988-1992 (hereinafter abbreriated as "survey in 1990"), a stratified cluster random sampling method was used in the survey. In 2001-2004 (hereinafter abbreriated as "survey in 2003"), in order to compare with the survey in 1990, two-characteristic stratified cluster random sampling method was used and 687 investigation spots were sampled from the 2848 spots selected in the survey in 1990.

[Study on the mixed testing of serum samples in seroepidemiological survey of parasitic diseases].

Objective: In order to accumulate experiences for improving the efficiency in serological tests, the present study on mixed testing of serum samples was performed by taking the serological test of trichinellosis and toxoplasmosis as the examples, and had proved the effects on cost-effectiveness of seroepidemiological survey of parasitic disease with method of mixed-samples test.

Methods: According to the binomial distribution principle, to develop an approach to the feasibility of mixed testing of serum samples, and to work on a cost-effectiveness analysis of one-by-one testing and mixed testing using hygienic economic analysis method was performed. For serological test of trichinellosis and toxoplasmosis, 3 kinds of mixed testing methods, namely 3 serum sample mixture, 5 serum sample mixture and 10 serum sample mixture, were performed.

Epidemiological investigation on Clonorchis sinensis in human population in an area of South China.

To detect the prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis, one of the important helminthes in the human population of the Guangxi Region where Schistosoma japonicum was endemic but eliminated in the late 1980s, the Kato-Katz thick smear technique was used for examining fecal samples from selected townships in Hengxian County. Among 1,552 people examined, 491 (31.6%) were found infected with C.