Association Between the Diabetic Foot Ulcer and the Bacterial Colony of the Skin Based on 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing: An Observational Study.

Objective: Microorganisms have been the main cause of refractory and high recurrence of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). This study attempted to observe the skin bacterial colony in healthy skin, diabetic skin and DFU skin.

Methods: Forty-eight diabetes patients were recruited at Panyu Central Hospital from March 2021 to March 2022 and divided into DFU group (T group, n = 22), diabetes without foot ulcer group (TW group, n = 26).

Frequent DYSF rare variants/mutations in 152 Han Chinese samples with ovarian endometriosis.

Purpose: Endometriosis is a common chronic gynecological disease greatly affecting women health. Prior studies have implicated that dysferlin (DYSF) aberration might be involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian endometriosis. In the present study, we explore the potential presence of DYSF mutations in a total of 152 Han Chinese samples with ovarian endometriosis.

Estrogen receptor 1 mutations in 260 cervical cancer samples from Chinese patients.

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality among females; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of its carcinogenesis remain largely unclear. Previous comprehensive genomic studies have revealed prevalent estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) mutations in breast cancer, which are rare in certain other types of cancer. To the best of our knowledge, it is unknown whether ESR1 mutations also exist in cervical cancer.

The effect of pre- and after-treatment of sevoflurane on central ischemia tolerance and the underlying mechanisms.

In recent years, with continuous research efforts targeted at studying the effects of pre- and after-treatment of inhaled anesthetics, significant progress has been made regarding the common clinical use of low concentrations of inhaled sevoflurane and its effect on induced central ischemia tolerance by pre- and post-treatment. In this study, we collected, analyzed, classified, and summarized recent literature regarding the effect of sevoflurane on central ischemia tolerance and its related mechanisms. In addition, we provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of sevoflurane to protect the central nervous system and other important organs against ischemic injury.

Cause analysis, prevention, and treatment of postoperative restlessness after general anesthesia in children with cleft palate.

Cleft palate is one of the most common congenital malformations of the oral and maxillofacial region, with an incidence rate of around 0.1%. Early surgical repair is the only method for treatment of a cleft lip and palate.

PirB Overexpression Exacerbates Neuronal Apoptosis by Inhibiting TrkB and mTOR Phosphorylation After Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation Injury.

Previous studies have proven that paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PirB) plays a crucial suppressant role in neurite outgrowth and neuronal plasticity after central nervous system injury. However, the role of PirB in neuronal survival after cerebral ischemic injury and its mechanisms remains unclear. In the present study, the role of PirB is investigated in the survival and apoptosis of cerebral cortical neurons in cultured primary after oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced injury.

Neuroprotective effects of sevoflurane against electromagnetic pulse-induced brain injury through inhibition of neuronal oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) causes central nervous system damage and neurobehavioral disorders, and sevoflurane protects the brain from ischemic injury. We investigated the effects of sevoflurane on EMP-induced brain injury. Rats were exposed to EMP and immediately treated with sevoflurane.

Two monoclonal antibodies recognising aa 634-668 and aa 1026-1055 of NogoA enhance axon extension and branching in cultured neurons.

In a previous study, we generated two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in mice, aNogoA-N and aNogo-66 mAb, which were raised against recombinant N-terminal fragments of rat NogoA and Nogo-66, respectively. When compared with the commercial rabbit anti-rat NogoA polyclonal antibody (pAb), which can specifically recognise NogoA, the two mAbs were also specific for the NogoA antigen in immunofluorescence histochemical (IHC) staining and Western blot (WB) analysis. Serial truncations of NogoA covering the N-terminal region of NogoA (aa 570-691) and Nogo-66 (aa 1026-1091) were expressed in E.

Depressing interleukin-1β contributed to the synergistic effects of tramadol and minocycline on spinal nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain.

Our previous study indicated that coadministration of tramadol and minocycline exerted synergistic effects on spinal nerve ligation (SNL)-induced neuropathic mechanical allodynia. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Recent reports indicated that spinal proinflammatory factor interleukin-1β (IL-1β) contributed to the development of neuropathic pain and the positive feedback communication between neuron and glia.

Tramadol and propentofylline coadministration exerted synergistic effects on rat spinal nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain.

Neuropathic pain is an intractable clinical problem. Drug treatments such as tramadol have been reported to effectively decrease neuropathic pain by inhibiting the activity of nociceptive neurons. It has also been reported that modulating glial activation could also prevent or reverse neuropathic pain via the administration of a glial modulator or inhibitor, such as propentofylline.

The Inhibition of Spinal Astrocytic JAK2-STAT3 Pathway Activation Correlates with the Analgesic Effects of Triptolide in the Rat Neuropathic Pain Model.

Neuropathic pain (NP) is an intractable clinical problem without satisfactory treatments. However, certain natural products have been revealed as effective therapeutic agents for the management of pain states. In this study, we used the spinal nerve ligation (SNL) pain model to investigate the antinociceptive effect of triptolide (T10), a major active component of the traditional Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F.

Triptolide prevents and attenuates neuropathic pain via inhibiting central immune response.

Background: Current treatments for neuropathic pain are far from satisfactory. Considering the essential contribution of central immune factors to the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain, targeting inflammatory response is well accepted as an effective strategy for treating neuropathic pain. Triptolide has a long history in traditional Chinese medicine for treating inflammatory diseases and has been proven to inhibit cytokines released from glial cells.

Combination of tramadol with minocycline exerted synergistic effects on a rat model of nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain.

Neuropathic pain is a refractory clinical problem. Certain drugs, such as tramadol, proved useful for the treatment of neuropathic pain by inhibiting the activity of nociceptive neurons. Moreover, studies indicated that suppression or modulation of glial activation could prevent or reverse neuropathic pain, for example with the microglia inhibitor minocycline.

Effects of starch nanospheres solution on hemodynamic values in rats with hemorrhagic shock: a preliminary study in hemorrhagic shock resuscitation.

Background: The objective of the present study was to explore the resuscitation effects of starch nanospheres solution on hemodynamics in rats with hemorrhagic shock.

Methods: A total of 20 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: resuscitation group 1 (infusion with Ringer's solution) and resuscitation group 2 (infusion with starch nanospheres solution) with 10 rats per group. The rats in resuscitation groups 1 and 2 were subjected to hemorrhagic shock, and resuscitation was performed with Ringer's solution and starch nanospheres solution.

Biomechanical optimisation of the length ratio of the two endosseous portions in distraction implants: a three-dimensional finite element analysis.

Insufficient alveolar height is one of the most common problems in oral implantation, and it may preclude placement of an implant or compromise the final aesthetic outcome of the restoration. To solve this problem, distraction implants (DIs) have been introduced because they can fulfill the functions of bony augmentation and implantation simultaneously and facilitate the operation, minimise the trauma, and shorten the duration of treatment. However, the high risk of complications such as device fracture from uneven distribution of stress or transport bone resorption from insufficient blood supply, has impeded their clinical use.

Surgical treatment of a giant neurofibroma.

Neurofibromatosis type 1, an autosomal dominant inherited disease, presents pathologic symptoms of multiple systems, including neurofibromatosis, skeletal dysplasia, café-au-lait spots in skins, and so on. A 45-year-old man with neurofibromatosis type 1 was reported in this article. The patient presented a giant neurofibroma in his head and neck, dysplasia of skull, facial bones and spinal columns, and multiple café-au-lait spots in systematic skins.

Spinal astrocytic activation is involved in a virally-induced rat model of neuropathic pain.

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), the most common complication of herpes zoster (HZ), plays a major role in decreased life quality of HZ patients. However, the neural mechanisms underlying PHN remain unclear. Here, using a PHN rat model at 2 weeks after varicella zoster virus infection, we found that spinal astrocytes were dramatically activated.

Post-injury administration of minocycline: an effective treatment for nerve-injury induced neuropathic pain.

Neuropathic pain is an intractable clinical problem, affecting millions of people worldwide. Preemptive administration of minocycline has been confirmed useful for treating neuropathic pain by inhibiting spinal microglia activation and consequently lowering proinflammatory cytokine expression. However, most patients with neuropathic pain have no chance to receive preemptive treatment and it remains unclear whether there is a therapeutic time window for post treatment with minocycline.

Neuronal NR2B-containing NMDA receptor mediates spinal astrocytic c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation in a rat model of neuropathic pain.

Spinal N-methyl d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) plays a pivotal role in nerve injury-induced central sensitization. Recent studies suggest that NMDAR also contributes to neuron-astrocyte signaling. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is persistently and specifically activated (indicated by phosphorylation) in spinal cord astrocytes after nerve injury and thus it is considered as a dependable indicator of pain-related astrocytic activation.

Isoflurane enhances malignancy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines: a preliminary study in vitro.

The objective of this study was to explore the influence of isoflurane on the cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of Tca8113 and HSC2 cell lines in vitro. MTT test was used to detect the cell proliferation. It was performed 72h after exposure to isoflurane to make sure that a time for normal cell cycle progression was allowed.

Ketamine depresses toll-like receptor 3 signaling in spinal microglia in a rat model of neuropathic pain.

Reports suggest that microglia play a key role in spinal nerve ligation (SNL)-induced neuropathic pain, and toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) has a substantial role in the activation of spinal microglia and the development of tactile allodynia after nerve injury. In addition, ketamine application could suppress microglial activation in vitro, and ketamine could inhibit proinflammatory gene expression possibly by suppressing TLR-mediated signal transduction. Therefore, the present study was designed to disclose whether intrathecal ketamine could suppress SNL-induced spinal microglial activation and exert some antiallodynic effects on neuropathic pain by suppressing TLR3 activation.

The biomechanical analysis of simulating implants in function under osteoporotic jawbone by comparing cylindrical, apical tapered, neck tapered, and expandable type implants: a 3-dimensional finite element analysis.

Purpose: This study compared the biomechanical behaviors of 4 implants in osteoporosis by 3-dimensional finite element analyses.

Materials And Methods: Finite element models (FEM) of posterior mandible segments with a cylindrical threaded implant, an apical tapered implant, a neck tapered implant (NTI), and an apical expandable implant were created. Bone segments with normal and osteoporotic biomechanical properties were used.

Inhibition of spinal astrocytic c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation correlates with the analgesic effects of ketamine in neuropathic pain.

Background: We have previously reported that inhibition of astrocytic activation contributes to the analgesic effects of intrathecal ketamine on spinal nerve ligation (SNL)-induced neuropathic pain. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), a member of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, has been reported to be critical for spinal astrocytic activation and neuropathic pain development after SNL.

Effects of propofol versus urapidil on perioperative hemodynamics and intraocular pressure during anesthesia and extubation in ophthalmic patients.

Aim: To compare the effect of propofol versus urapidil on hemodynamics and intraocular pressure during anesthesia and extubation for ophthalmic patients.

Methods: Eighty-two surgical patients (Class: ASA I-II) were randomly assigned to propofol (n=41) and urapidil groups (n=41). Their gender, age, body mass, operation time and dosage of anesthetics had no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.

Bibliometric analysis on retinoblastoma literatures in PubMed during 1929 to 2010.

Aim: To determine the growth rule and tendency of retinoblastoma (Rb) literature, and to provide the basis for research of diagnosis, treatment and on Rb.

Methods: Bibliometric analyses were carried out on Rb literatures which contain the descriptors of Rb in their titles or texts from 1929 to 2010 in PubMed database (www.ncbi.