Balanced diets are associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes than plant-based diets.

Background & Aims: Plant-based diets benefit human health, while the deficient in some nutrients limits its application. We aimed to examine whether balanced diets could be better in reducing diabetes risk than plant-based diets.

Methods: In cross-sectional analysis of Environment-Inflammation-Metabolic-Diseases Study (EIMDS), we used a questionnaire to investigate the habit of balanced and plant-based diets.

Vertical distribution characteristics of microplastics and bacterial communities in the sediment columns of Jianhu lake in China.

Microorganisms change the properties of microplastics, at the same time, microplastics can also affect the distribution of microorganisms. To investigate this issue, we chose to study Jianhu Lake, a plateau lake in southwestern China, by collecting data at three sampling locations. The microplastics and bacterial communities in the sediment columns of Jianhu Lake were sampled within a 0 to 60 cm profile, and the basic characteristics of microplastic abundance, shape, color, size, and polymer type were determined accordingly, via their collection, separation, extraction, and identification.

Coexistence of tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma and polycythemia vera: A rare case report.

Tubulocystic Renal Cell Carcinoma (TC-RCC) and Polycythemia Vera (PV) are both infrequent medical conditions. TC-RCC was recognized as a distinct subtype of kidney cancer by the World Health Organization in 2016, while PV is a rare myeloproliferative neoplasm distinguished by the excessive production of red blood cells. The coexistence of these two conditions is exceptionally uncommon and lacks comprehensive documentation.

Non-Covalent Self-Assembly Behaviors Based on Racemic Binaphthol Scaffolds.

Understanding the fundamental mechanisms involved in the construction and organization of multi-scale structures is crucial for the design and manufacture of complex functional systems with long-range molecular arrangements. In this paper, a series of compounds have been synthesized using racemic binaphthols as the skeleton and a Suzuki coupling reaction for derivatization at the 6,6' positions, which resulted in various structures bearing different functional groups. Control over the self-assembly of these racemic binaphthol derivatives was successfully achieved by adjusting the types and positions of the substituents in the parent binaphthol compound, which revealed the key factors influencing the types of the non-covalent interactions and the self-assembly process.

Difference in summer heatwave-induced damage between desert native and urban greening plants in an arid desert region.

Summer heatwaves have caused a distinct mortality between urban greening and native plants. However, there are insufficient studies revealing the underlying mechanisms. We hypothesized that differentiation in hydraulic traits and their integration cause the varied heatwave-induced damages between the two plant types.

High Incubation Attendance and Nesting Site Constraints of the Sclater's Monal in an Alpine Environment in Southwestern China.

Breeding in alpine environments poses significant challenges to birds, requiring specific adaptations for survival. The Sclater's monal (), a regionally threatened, typical alpine pheasant species, is restricted to high-elevation habitat from the East Himalayas to the mountains of west Yunnan, China. Due to its low population density and the difficulty of accessing its habitats, the breeding ecology of this species is understudied.

A Case Report of Envafolimab in the Treatment of Microsatellite Stable (MSS) Metastatic Colon Cancer.

Envafolimab is a novel inhibitor for programmed cell death protein-ligand 1 (PD-L1) that can be administered subcutaneously. It has been found to be effective and safe in the treatment of advanced high microsatellite unstable (MSI-H) / mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) solid tumors. Currently, the efficacy of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) / programmed cell death protein-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in the treatment of microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors is not clear.

Reconsidering learnable fine-grained text prompts for few-shot anomaly detection in visual-language models.

Few-Shot Anomaly Detection (FSAD) in industrial images aims to identify abnormalities using only a few normal images, which is crucial for industrial scenarios where sample training is limited. The recent advances in large-scale pre-trained visual-language models have brought significant improvements to the FSAD, which typically requires hundreds of text prompts to be manually crafted through prompt engineering. However, manually designed text prompts cannot accurately match the informative features of different categories across diverse images, and the domain gap between train and test datasets can severely impact the generalization capability of text prompts.

MicroRNA in prostate cancer: from biogenesis to applicative potential.

Prostate cancer is the most common solid malignant tumor in men, characterized by high morbidity and mortality. While current screening tools, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and digital rectal examination, are available for early detection of prostate cancer, their sensitivity and specificity are limited. Tissue puncture biopsy, although capable of offering a definitive diagnosis, has poor positive predictive rates and burdens the patient more.

Molecular cloning and characterization of a brassinosteriod biosynthesis-related gene PtoCYP90D1 from Populus tomentosa.

Brassinosteroids (BRs), one of the major classes of phytohormones are essential for various processes of plant growth, development, and adaptations to biotic and abiotic stresses. In Arabidopsis, AtCYP90D1 acts as a bifunctional cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, catalyzing C-23 hydroxylation in the brassinolide biosynthetic pathway. The present study reports the functional characterizations of PtoCYP90D1, one of the AtCYP90D1 homologous genes from Populus tomentosa.

MiR-126 accelerates renal injury induced by UUO via inhibition PI3K/ IRS-1/ FAK signaling induced M2 polarization and endocytosis in macrophages.

To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of miR-126 in unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO). We used bioinformatics to analyse miRNAs specifically expressed in UUO. The mouse model of UUO was established using RAW264.

Research hotspots and frontiers of machine learning in renal medicine: a bibliometric and visual analysis from 2013 to 2024.

Background: The kidney, an essential organ of the human body, can suffer pathological damage that can potentially have serious adverse consequences on the human body and even affect life. Furthermore, the majority of kidney-induced illnesses are frequently not readily identifiable in their early stages. Once they have progressed to a more advanced stage, they impact the individual's quality of life and burden the family and broader society.

Inhibition of acid-sensing receptor GPR4 attenuates neuronal ferroptosis via RhoA/YAP signaling in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating stroke, in which acidosis is one of detrimental complications. The extracellular pH reduction can activate G protein-coupled receptor 4 (GPR4) in the brain. Yet, the extent to which proton-activated GPR4 contributes to the early brain injury (EBI) post-SAH remains largely unexplored.

Dual active site-mediated Ir single-atom-doped RuO catalysts for highly efficient and stable water splitting.

The electronic structure modulation through heterogeneous single-atom doping is an effective strategy to improve electrocatalysis performance of catalysts. Here, Ir single-atom doped RuO (Ir/RuO) is constructed by substituting Ru sites with mono-disperse Ir atoms in RuO crystals. The Ir/RuO-850 catalyst shows excellent activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media, with overpotentials of only 37 and 234 mV respectively, at a current density of 10 mA cm, lower than that of commercial Pt/C (39 mV-HER) and RuO (295 mV-OER).

Impacts of visitors on female pheasants in pheasantry, Haripur, Pakistan.

Background: The interaction between visitors and captive birds is complex, with a potential impact on bird's behavior and welfare. Understanding this interaction is essential for effective conservation and management.

Methods: We conducted a study at the University of Haripur's pheasantry in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan to investigate the effects of visitor numbers, duration of visitor presence, and climatic factors on the behavior of female pheasants.

Integrated deep learning model for automatic detection and classification of stenosis in coronary angiography.

Coronary artery disease poses a significant threat to human health. In clinical settings, coronary angiography remains the gold standard for diagnosing coronary heart disease. A crucial aspect of this diagnosis involves detecting arterial narrowings.

Bioprinted, spatially defined breast tumor microenvironment models of intratumoral heterogeneity and drug resistance.

Cellular, extracellular matrix (ECM), and spatial heterogeneity of tumor microenvironments (TMEs) regulate disease progression and treatment efficacy. Developing in vitro models that recapitulate the TME promises to accelerate studies of tumor biology and identify new targets for therapy. Here, we used extrusion-based, multi-nozzle 3D bioprinting to spatially pattern triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, endothelial cells (ECs), and human mammary cancer-associated fibroblasts (HMCAFs) with biomimetic ECM inks.