Upconversion Nanoparticle-Delivery Flexible Optrodes for Long-Lasting Multichannel Electrophysiology and Transcranial NIR Optogenetics.

Near-infrared (NIR) activatable nanoparticles enable remote, cell-type-specific manipulation of neuronal activity, whereas flexible microelectrode arrays (FMAs) facilitate long-term, multichannel recording of neural signals. Despite the recent development of multifunctional neural probes, integrating these techniques into a single, minimally invasive device remains challenging. Here, we present a novel optrode that combines NIR-activatable upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with FMAs.

Integrated analysis of genome-wide copy number variation and exome-wide rare variation identified novel loci for rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: The genetic underpinnings of RA remain partially elucidated, motivating our exploration of copy number variations (CNV) and rare variations in the pathogenesis of RA.

Methods: We conducted an integrated analysis of the genome-wide landscape of CNV and exome-wide rare variation associations with RA in the UK Biobank. To strengthen our findings, we corroborated the results by the differentially expressed genes identified from gene expression profiles of synovial tissue of RA patients and health controls.

Aberrant DNA methylation of genes regulating CD4+ T cell HIV-1 reservoir in women with HIV.

Background: The HIV-1 reservoir in CD4+ T cells (HR) pose a major challenge to curing HIV, with many of its mechanisms still unclear. HIV-1 DNA integration and immune responses may alter the host's epigenetic landscape, potentially silencing HIV-1 replication.

Methods: This study used bisulphite capture DNA methylation sequencing in CD4+ T cells from the blood of 427 virally suppressed women with HIV to identify differentially methylated sites and regions associated with HR.

The impact of high humidex on the risk of hospital admissions for urinary system diseases in Lanzhou, China: A time-series analysis.

There is scant research on the association between humidex exposure and urinary system diseases. Hospitalization records from Lanzhou city were collected for the period 2015 to 2019, alongside daily meteorological and air pollution data for the study duration. Daily humidex was calculated using temperature and relative humidity indices.

Predicting distribution coefficient and effective diffusion coefficient of radionuclides in bentonite: Multi-output neural network simulation and diffusion experimental study.

Distribution coefficient (K) and effective diffusion coefficient (D) are two critical parameters for predicting the radionuclides diffusion in high-level radioactive waste (HLW) repositories. A novel framework using multi-output learning with an Artificial Neutral Network (ANN) was presented to simultaneously predict both parameters with a single model. A Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) algorithm was employed to augment data by producing pseudo-instances.

Single-cell analysis reveals transcriptomic features and therapeutic targets in primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma.

Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PPLELC) is a rare subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer. Duo to the current lack of precise targeted therapies, there is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets. In this study, we perform single-nucleus transcriptome analysis on PPLELC samples to reveal the molecular tumor heterogeneity and characterize the functional states of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment.

Exposure to polystyrene microplastics with different functional groups: Implications for blood pressure and heart.

The association between microplastics (MPs) exposure and cardiovascular disease is largely unknown. It is still unclear what effects MPs exposure have on blood pressure and how it affects the heart. As MPs age, their surfaces undergo modifications that may alter how the MPs interact with cells, which may affect the extent of their toxic effects.

Insights into the role of histone lysine demethylases in bone homeostasis and skeletal diseases: A review.

Histone lysine demethylases (KDMs), as important epigenetic regulators, are involved in various biological processes such as energy metabolism, apoptosis, and autophagy. Recent research shows that KDMs activate or silence downstream target genes by removing lysine residues from histone tails, and participate in the regulation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), osteoblasts (OB), osteoclasts (OC), chondrocytes and other skeletal cell development, differentiation and formation. Moreover, several members of the KDM family affect the occurrence and development of bone diseases such as osteoporosis (OP), osteoarthritis (OA), osteosarcoma (OS), by regulating target genes.

Synthesis and Chiroptical Properties of Chiral Lead Halide Molecular Clusters.

Chiral lead halide molecular clusters (MCs) consisting of PbBr, neutral achiral butylamine (BTYA), and chiral methylbenzylamine [(/)-MBA] with unique chiral optical properties in both the solution and solid states have been synthesized using ligand-assisted reprecipitation and depositing, separately. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) electronic absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra show the first electronic absorption band and sharp blue emission band of the chiral MCs that peaked at 404 and 412 nm, respectively, in both solution and films. The emission asymmetry factor || of the chiral MCs is 1.

Stress-Driven Grain Boundary Structural Transition in Diamond by Machine Learning Potential.

Understanding the structural dynamics of carbon grain boundaries, particularly in diamond, is essential for advancing next-generation device applications. Carbon's diverse allotropes, driven by its versatile chemical bonding, hold immense potential, yet analyzing these boundaries is challenging due to the limitations of experimental techniques and the computational demands of ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. In this study, a machine learning-based molecular dynamics potential, rigorously trained on ab initio data, that accurately predicts structural transitions in incoherent twin boundaries within diamond is introduced.

Perioperative comparison of whether the liver was lifted out of the abdominal cavity in Kasai surgery.

Objective: To compare the perioperative effect of whether the liver is lifted out of the abdominal cavity during Kasai surgery in patients with biliary atresia type III.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 29 males and 33 females aged 2.2 ± 0.

Aberrant lipid profiles and lymphocyte counts in systemic sclerosis population, reassessing predictive value for concurrent cardiovascular diseases.

Objective: To investigate alterations in blood lipid profiles and T cell subsets among systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, and to assess their potential utility in predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.

Methods: 105 SSc patients and 80 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Flow cytometry was employed to quantify T cell subsets.

Dietary energy intake predicts mortality in Chinese patients with peritoneal dialysis: a single-center 18 years' follow-up study.

Background: Lower dietary energy intake (DEI) may be associated with increased mortality risk. This study aims to analyze the influence of baseline DEI, time average DEI, and other factors on survival in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.

Method: It was a single-center retrospective cohort study.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of MIR-140-3p in Osteoarthritis: Targeting CILP and Ferroptosis for Novel Treatment Strategies.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent and debilitating joint disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide, severely impairing mobility, independence, and quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that ferroptosis is a critical factor in OA pathogenesis. However, its precise involvement and underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Multi-Parametric Quantitative MRI in the Early Differential Diagnosis of Ambulatory Children With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Becker Muscular Dystrophy.

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), the most common dystrophinopathies, require distinct treatments. Corticosteroids are effective for DMD but less so for BMD. Early diagnosis can improve DMD outcomes and prevent BMD overtreatment.

Leveraging Foundation Models for Crafting Narrative Visualization: A Survey.

Narrative visualization transforms data into engaging stories, making complex information accessible to a broad audience. Foundation models, with their advanced capabilities such as natural language processing, content generation, and multimodal integration, hold substantial potential for enriching narrative visualization. Recently, a collection of techniques have been introduced for crafting narrative visualizations based on foundation models from different aspects.

Zinc sulfate gel reshapes the wound microenvironment to promote full-thickness wound healing in mice.

Delayed healing of skin wounds significantly impacts human life, Zinc plays a pivotal role in human growth, the immune system, and various cellular processes. Previous studies have demonstrated that zinc supplementation or topical zinc ion therapy can accelerate wound healing in cases of skin injury. Zinc deficiency has been linked to delayed wound healing, but the role it plays remains to be elucidated.

Observer-Based Adaptive Fixed-Time Sensor Fault Compensation Control for Uncertain Nonlinear Systems.

This article focuses on an observer-based adaptive sensor fault compensation fixed-time tracking control problem for uncertain nonlinear systems. A sixth-power Lyapunov function is designed for the first time which lays the foundation to construct the effective adaptive fixed-time fault compensation mechanism. Meanwhile, in the controller design procedure, owing to the existence of the sensor fault, only the actual output can be measured, unlike existing results, an improved state observer is constructed to estimate the unmeasured states effectively.

The host susceptibility/resistance-related genes and gut microbial characteristics in -infected chickens.

Pullorum disease is a bacterial disease caused by in chickens, which is characterized by gastrointestinal infection and diarrhea. In traditional perspectives, research on pullorum disease primarily focused on clinical symptoms, epidemiological characteristics, and the pathogenic sites. This study, however, approaches the subject from the standpoint of host genetic basis and gut microbiota.

QingReDu capsule ameliorates psoriasis vulgaris by regulating EZH2/NF-κB signaling pathway.

QingReDu Capsule is commonly used clinically to treat psoriasis vulgaris, the mechanism of treating psoriasis vulgaris is still unclear. Using the ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS), we analyzed the components in rat plasma after QingReDu Capsule administration. We then predicted the mechanistic pathways of QingReDu Capsule in ameliorating psoriasis vulgaris by screening the intersecting targets of the QingReDu Capsule plasma entry components and psoriasis vulgaris using network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Precision Intercalation of Organic Molecules in 2D Layered Materials: From Interface Chemistry to Low-Dimensional Physics.

The past few decades have witnessed significant development in intercalation chemistry research aimed at precisely controlling material properties. Intercalation, as a powerful surface and interface synthesis strategy, facilitates the insertion of external guests into van der Waals (vdW) gaps in two-dimensional (2D) layered materials, inducing various modulation effects (the weakening of interlayer interactions, changes in electronic structures, interfacial charge transfer, and symmetry manipulation) to tailor material properties while preserving intralayer covalent bonds. Importantly, benefiting from the very diverse structures and properties of organic molecules, their intercalation enables the integration of various molecules with a wide array of 2D materials, resulting in the creation of numerous organic-inorganic hybrid superlattices with exotic properties, which brings extensive potential applications in fields such as spintronics, superconductor electronics, optoelectronics, and thermoelectrics.

Cytotoxic and Molecular Effects of Soil Extracts from the Agbogbloshie Electronic-Waste Site on Fish and Human Cell Lines.

Effect-based methods (EBM) are of growing interest in environmental monitoring programs. Few EBM have incorporated transcriptomics even though these provide a wealth of biological information and can be modeled to yield transcriptomic points of departure (tPODs). The study objectives were to: A) characterize cytotoxic effects of soil extracts on the rainbow trout RTgill-W1 and the human Caco-2 cell lines; B) measure gene expression changes and calculate tPODs; and C) compare in vitro responses to available measures of plastic-related compounds and metals.

KLF9, Epigenetic Silenced by DNMT1, Promotes ERK-Mediated Ferroptosis of Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes Through Transcriptionally Regulating CYP1B1.

Ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), and inhibition of chondrocyte ferroptosis effectively alleviates OA progression. Krüppel-like factor 9 (KLF9) is demonstrated to be upregulated in OA, but its molecular mechanism remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the role of KLF9 in OA progression.

1,4-Azaborine Participation Enables Inaccessible Cycloarene with Unique Photophysical Properties.

Cycloarenes and heterocycloarenes, characterized by fused macrocyclic π-conjugated structures, hold significant promise in synthetic chemistry and materials science. However, their further development remains constrained by formidable synthetic challenges, particularly for those with contracted cavities. Inspired by advances in the synthesis of organoboron-based multiresonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, we herein report the convenient access and detailed characterization of a 1,4-azaborine-embedded cycloarene that features the smallest cavity among known (hetero)cycloarenes.