Squamous cell carcinoma predicts worse prognosis in stage IA (≤ 2 cm) non-small cell lung cancer patients following sublobectomy: a population-based study.

Recent studies recommend sublobectomy as a surgical approach for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors that are 2 cm or smaller. However, it remains unclear whether NSCLC patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have comparable outcomes to those with adenocarcinoma (ADC) following sublobectomy. To that end, this study aims to compare the survival outcomes between SCC and ADC in patients with stage IA NSCLC (≤ 2 cm) who have undergone sublobectomy.

Promoting Influenza Vaccination Uptake Among Chinese Older Adults Based on Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model and Conditional Economic Incentive: Protocol for Randomized Controlled Trial.

: Influenza poses a substantial health burden, especially among older adults in China. While vaccination is one of the most effective preventions, influenza vaccine uptake rates among Chinese older adults remain low. This study examines the individual and combined effects of behavioral interventions based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model and economic incentives in promoting influenza vaccine uptake among older adults living in China.

Associations of age and sex with characteristics of extracellular vesicles and protein-enriched fractions of blood plasma.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized particles that are released by various cell types and play vital roles in intercellular communication. They carry biological molecules reflecting the physiological and pathological states of their source cells and tissues, showing potential as biomarkers. However, the impact of demographic factors like age and sex on the properties of blood plasma EVs remains underexplored.

Impact of baseline steroids on the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Immunochemotherapy involving the combination of programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors with chemotherapy has advanced the treatment of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The use of corticosteroids as pretreatment might reduce immunotherapy efficacy.

Aim: To investigate the impact of baseline corticosteroid use on neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nIC) outcomes in locally advanced ESCC patients.

Pre-trained multimodal large language model enhances dermatological diagnosis using SkinGPT-4.

Large language models (LLMs) are seen to have tremendous potential in advancing medical diagnosis recently, particularly in dermatological diagnosis, which is a very important task as skin and subcutaneous diseases rank high among the leading contributors to the global burden of nonfatal diseases. Here we present SkinGPT-4, which is an interactive dermatology diagnostic system based on multimodal large language models. We have aligned a pre-trained vision transformer with an LLM named Llama-2-13b-chat by collecting an extensive collection of skin disease images (comprising 52,929 publicly available and proprietary images) along with clinical concepts and doctors' notes, and designing a two-step training strategy.

MEX3A promotes colorectal cancer migration, invasion and EMT via regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Background: Mex-3 RNA binding family members are well-established to be important in cancer development and progression. However, the functions of Mex-3 RNA binding family member A (MEX3A) in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis remain poorly understood. In this study, we aim to reveal the function and the mechanism of MEX3A in promoting CRC metastasis.

A novel localization device for small pulmonary nodules in thoracoscopic wedge resection with adequate margin distance: a retrospective study.

Background: Thoracoscopic wedge resection of small pulmonary nodules (SPNs) is a common surgical procedure. Adequate surgical margin distance is challenging and key to successful resection for malignant nodules. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a novel localization needle in wedge resection for SPNs with adequate margin distance.

Recognition of the orbital-angular-momentum spectrum for hybrid modes existing in a few-mode fiber via a deep learning method.

In this study, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate that the convolutional neural network (CNN) in combination with the residual blocks and the regression methods can be used to precisely and quickly reconstruct the OAM spectrum of a hybrid OAM mode no matter how the consistent OAM modes have the same or different order indices in both the azimuthal and the radial direction. For cases of the simulation testing, the mean errors of all recognized parameters for hybrid OAM modes in a four-mode fiber (4MF) and a six-mode fiber (6MF) are smaller than 0.003 and 0.

Identification of a Two-Gene Signature and Establishment of a Prognostic Nomogram Predicting Overall Survival in Diffuse-Type Gastric Cancer.

Background: It is widely acknowledged that the molecular biological characteristics of diffuse-type gastric cancer are different from intestinal-type gastric cancer. Notwithstanding that significant progress in high-throughput sequencing technology has been made, there is a paucity of effective prognostic biomarkers for diffuse gastric cancer for clinical practice.

Methods: We downloaded four GEO datasets (GSE22377, GSE38749, GSE47007 and GSE62254) to establish and validate a prognostic two-gene signature for diffuse gastric cancer.

Personalized immune subtypes based on machine learning predict response to checkpoint blockade in gastric cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) show high efficiency in a small fraction of advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, personalized immune subtypes have not been developed for the prediction of ICI efficiency in GC. Herein, we identified Pan-Immune Activation Module (PIAM), a curated gene expression profile (GEP) representing the co-infiltration of multiple immune cell types in tumor microenvironment of GC, which was associated with high expression of immunosuppressive molecules such as PD-1 and CTLA-4.

Synthesizing the complex orbital-angular-momentum spectrum of hybrid modes existed in a few-mode fiber.

In this study, a simple and reliable method enabling to well synthesize the complex orbit-angular-momentum (OAM) spectrum of hybrid mode in a few-mode fiber is proposed and numerically demonstrated, which is realized by using the so-called inverse scattering method based on the genetic algorithm (GA), where the main Fourier components of a specially-selected ring in intensity distribution of the hybrid mode is used as the optimization objective. As a proof-of-concept example, power spectrum of a hybrid mode consisted of the first- and second-order OAM modes was successfully reconstructed with an accuracy higher than 0.99.

Schlafen family is a prognostic biomarker and corresponds with immune infiltration in gastric cancer.

The Schlafen (SLFN) gene family plays an important role in immune cell differentiation and immune regulation. Previous studies have found that the increased SLFN5 expression in patients with intestinal metaplasia correlates with gastric cancer (GC) progression. However, no investigation has been conducted on the SLFN family in GC.

Organoids From Mucinous Appendiceal Adenocarcinomas as High-Fidelity Models for Individual Therapy.

Background: Mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma (MAA) is a rare, heterogeneous disease. Patients with unrespectable mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma presenting with peritoneal spread are treated by intraperitoneal chemotherapy, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, systemic chemotherapy, or targeted therapy. However, there are no guidelines for efficacious drugs against mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma.

ITGAL as a Prognostic Biomarker Correlated With Immune Infiltrates in Gastric Cancer.

Integrin alpha L (ITGAL) is a member of the integrin family in which the abnormal expression is linked with carcinogenesis and immune regulation. However, the relation between ITGAL and the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are not well understood. The differential expressions of ITGAL in human tumors and the clinical prognosis in GC were systematically analyzed multiple databases including Gene Expression Profiling Interaction Analysis (GEPIA), UALCAN, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), and Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter.

Prognostic Value of the Red Cell Distribution Width in Patients with Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: The prognostic value of the red cell distribution width (RDW) in patients with sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is still elusive. This study is aimed at determining whether RDW is a prognostic indicator of sepsis-induced ARDS.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 1161 patients with sepsis-induced ARDS.

Overexpression of ZNF460 predicts worse survival and promotes metastasis through JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in patient with colon cancer.

Zinc finger proteins (ZNFs) are a class of protein containing zinc finger domains, and they play an important role in tumor progression. However, as a member of the ZNFs family, the effect of ZNF460 in colon cancer remains unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of ZNF460 protein were markedly increased in clinical colon cancer tissues compared with para-cancer non-cancerous tissues by tissue immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot (WB).

Hyperphosphatemia rather than hypophosphatemia indicates a poor prognosis in patients with sepsis.

Background: Sepsis is the leading cause of hospitalization and death in the intensive care unit. It is vital to identify high-risk patients with poor prognosis in the early stages of sepsis. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of serum phosphorus levels for sepsis.

Mixed lead source precursors for producing light absorption layers of perovskite solar cells.

Beside the conventional perovskite precursors with lead halides as lead sources, non-halide lead sources provide additional tools for tuning the properties of perovskite layers, and lead acetate is a promising candidate for non-halide lead sources. In this work, we develop the perovskite precursor with a mixed non-halide lead source by partially replacing lead acetate with lead thiocyanate. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that lead thiocyanate additive can remarkably increase the size of perovskite grains and the crystallization of perovskite layers.

Non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for thoracic disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 1,684 cases.

Background: Non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (NIVATS) has been increasingly used in lobectomy, bullectomy, wedge resection, lung volume reduction, sympathectomy and talc pleurodesis, which may reduce postoperative complications. However, the benefits of non-intubated and intubated methods of VATS remain controversial.

Methods: We comprehensively searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Library, and performed a systematic review to assess the two techniques.

[Analysis of Flame Spectrum at the Initial Stage of 0 # Diesel Oil Combustion].

With small-scale oil pool experimental and spectral analysis method, the flame spectrum in initial stage of 0(#) diesel oil combustion was conducted a preliminary study for the first time, which was used to develop the technique of intelligent identification and suppression of fire extinguishing at the initial stage of diesel oil combustion. It educed the overall characteristics flame spectrum at the initial stage of 0(#) diesel oil combustion: in 200～380 nm wavelength of near-ultraviolet bands, the spectral intensity is the weakest, the spectral intensity does not change with wavelength, the number of characteristics spectral bands is minimum, the number of obvious characteristics spectral peaks is almost none; in 380～780 nm wavelength of visible bands, the spectral intensity is the strongest, the spectral intensity increases with wavelength, the number of characteristics spectral bands is maximum, the number of obvious characteristics spectral peaks is large; in 780～1 100 nm wavelength of near-infrared bands, the spectral intensity is relatively strong, the inflection point of spectral intensity appears in 780 nm, the appeared intensity decreases with wavelength, the number of characteristics spectral bands is relatively large, the number of obvious characteristics spectral peaks is at a certain number. It is educed through further analysis of the flame spectrum that: the primary intermediate radicals includes OH, CN, CH, C(2), H(2)O, etc; the primary characteristic spectral bands includes the OH racial bands of 3 064  System and Vibration-Rotation bands, the CN racial bands of Violet System and Red System, the CH racial bands of 4 315  System, the C2 racial bands of The Swan system and Phillips Near Infra-red System, the H(2)O molecular Vibration-Rotation bands, etc; the bands and time distribution of primary intermediate radicals and its main generation mechanism; the existence of potassium in this experimental batches of 0(#) diesel oil and the spectral peak of spectral lines in 766 and 769 nm is obvious; the peak of spectral intensity in 431, 512, 516, 547, 589, 766, 769, 891, 927 nm is obvious, and it suitable for the sign of flame identification at the initial stage of 0(#) diesel oil combustion.

CD16 and CD32 Gene Polymorphisms May Contribute to Risk of Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have evaluated the associations of CD16 158F>V and CD32 131H>R gene polymorphisms with the risk of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). MATERIAL AND METHODS Published studies on CD16 158F>V and CD32 131H>R polymorphisms with susceptibility to ITP were systematically reviewed until April 1, 2014. The Cochrane Library Database, Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) were used to search for relevant studies and then a meta-analysis was conducted by using Stata 12.

[Sporadic cutaneous infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria: a retrospective study of 37 cases].

Objective: To study the clinical and pathological characteristics of sporadic cutaneous infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), and investigate the diagnostic criteria and therapeutic principal.

Methods: Totally 37 cases of sporadic cutaneous infections due to NTM were confirmed in the Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital from January 2000 to March 2014. The microbiologic and clinical data were reviewed, and their skin biopsy specimens were reassessed.