Artemisinin-naphthoquine plus lower-dose primaquine to treat and prevent recurrence of Plasmodium vivax malaria: an open-label randomized and non-inferiority trial.

Background: Plasmodium vivax malaria, with the widest geographic distribution, can cause severe disease and death. Primaquine is the main licensed antimalarial drug that can kill hypnozoites. The dose-dependent acute haemolysis in individuals with glucose-6-phospate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the main safety concern when using primaquine.

Deep learning predicts cervical lymph node metastasis in clinically node-negative papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objectives: Precise determination of cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) involvement in patients with early-stage thyroid cancer is fairly significant for identifying appropriate cervical treatment options. However, it is almost impossible to directly judge lymph node metastasis based on the imaging information of early-stage thyroid cancer patients with clinically negative lymph nodes.

Methods: Preoperative US images (BMUS and CDFI) of 1031 clinically node negative PTC patients definitively diagnosed on pathology from two independent hospitals were divided into training set, validation set, internal test set, and external test set.

Treatment-seeking behaviours of malaria patients versus non-malaria febrile patients along China-Myanmar border.

Background: Appropriate malaria treatment-seeking behaviour (TSB) is critical for timely detecting malaria, prompt treatment, and prevention of onward transmission of the disease in a community. This study aimed to compare treatment-seeking behaviours between malaria patients and non-malaria febrile patients, and to analyse the factors associated with appropriate TSB along the China-Myanmar border.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the appropriate TSB of microscopy-confirmed malaria patients versus non-malaria febrile (NMF) patients.

Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine efficacy in Plasmodium falciparum treatment and prevalence of drug-resistant molecular markers along China-Myanmar border in 2014-2023.

Objectives: The study aims to monitor dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PPQ) efficacy in Plasmodium falciparum and detect molecular markers associated with its resistance.

Methods: The World Health Organization's standard protocol for therapeutic efficacy studies (TES) was performed from 2014 to 2018; integrated drug efficacy surveillance (iDES) was performed from from 2019 to July 2023. Molecular markers were detected by polymerase chain reaction.

Prognostic potential of serum mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: a prospective observational study.

Objective: Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) expressions are dramatically up-regulated in injured brain tissues, thereby conferring neurological protective effects. We intended to determine significance of serum MANF as a prognostic biomarker of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: In this prospective, observational study done from February 2018 to July 2021, 124 patients with new-onset primary supratentorial ICH were consecutively enrolled.

The public health response to an outbreak of border-spill malaria along China-Myanmar border.

Introduction: Malaria importation can be caused by cross-border movement either of both people and anopheline mosquitoes. However, there still lacks robust evidence of imported malaria caused by Plasmodium spp. infected anopheles along international border areas (border-spill malaria).

nc-RNA-mediated high expression of CDK6 correlates with poor prognosis and immune infiltration in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Emerging evidence manifests that cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) plays an essential part in the initiation and progression of several types of human cancer, and its descending expression is correlated with an adverse prognosis. However, the precise role of CDK6 in Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains obscure.

Aims: To identify the potential ceRNA regulatory axis of CDK6 in PC and explore its relationship with immune cells and immune checkpoints.

Risk factors associated with malaria infection along China-Myanmar border: a case-control study.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has certificated China malaria free, but imported malaria is a continuous challenge in preventing reintroduction of malaria in the border area of China. Understanding risk factors of malaria along China-Myanmar border is benefit for preventing reintroduction of malaria in China and achieving the WHO's malaria elimination goal in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS).

Methods: This is a case-control study with one malaria case matched to two controls, in which cases were microscopy-confirmed malaria patients and controls were feverish people with microscopy-excluded malaria.

Historical review of malaria control and elimination in the border areas of China: A case study of Yunnan Province.

To understand how malaria could be eliminated in the original hyperendmic area for malaria along international borders in Yunnan Province, malaria situation and control were described on the basis of seven phases. At last the experiences and lessons of the program that reduced border malaria from hyperendmicity to malaria-free status were summarized. Malaria control and elimination area were particularly difficult in the Yunnan border.

The health perceptions, dengue knowledge and control willingness among Dai ethnic minority in Yunnan Province, China.

Background: Outbreaks of dengue fever are often found among Dai ethnical communities along China-Myanmar border. The objective of this study was: 1) to investigate residents' health perceptions, knowledge and control willingness to participate in dengue control and 2) to identify factors associated with control willingness among the Dai ethnic community.

Methods: This is a mixed method study of a cross-sectional design, in which qualitative in-depth interviews and quantitative household questionnaire surveys are included.

Intensive surveillance, rapid response and border collaboration for malaria elimination: China Yunnan's ''3 + 1''strategy.

Background: Eliminating malaria and preventing re-establishment of malaria transmission in border areas requires universal coverage of malaria surveillance and a rapid response to any threats (i.e. malaria cues) of re-establishing transmission.

The Added Value of a Computer-Aided Diagnosis System in Differential Diagnosis of Breast Lesions by Radiologists With Different Experience.

Objectives: To evaluate the value of the computer-aided diagnosis system, S-Detect (based on deep learning algorithm), in distinguishing benign and malignant breast masses and reducing unnecessary biopsy based on the experience of radiologists.

Methods: From February 2018 to March 2019, 266 breast masses in 192 women were included in our study. Ultrasound (US) examination, including S-Detect technique, was performed by the radiologist with about 10 years of clinical experience in breast US imaging.

Malaria: elimination tale from Yunnan Province of China and new challenges for reintroduction.

Background: Eradication of infectious disease is the sanctified public health and sustainable development goal around the world.

Main Body: Three antimalarial barriers were developed to control imported malarial cases, and an effective surveillance strategy known as the "1-3-7 approach" was developed to eliminate malaria from the Chinese population. From 2011 to 2019, 5254 confirmed malaria cases were reported and treated in Yunnan Province, China.

Deep Learning Based on ACR TI-RADS Can Improve the Differential Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to improve the differentiation between malignant and benign thyroid nodules using deep learning (DL) in category 4 and 5 based on the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS, TR) from the American College of Radiology (ACR).

Design And Methods: From June 2, 2017 to April 23, 2019, 2082 thyroid ultrasound images from 1396 consecutive patients with confirmed pathology were retrospectively collected, of which 1289 nodules were category 4 (TR4) and 793 nodules were category 5 (TR5). Ninety percent of the B-mode ultrasound images were applied for training and validation, and the residual 10% and an independent external dataset for testing purpose by three different deep learning algorithms.

Seven decades towards malaria elimination in Yunnan, China.

Background: Yunnan Province was considered the most difficult place in China for malaria elimination because of its complex malaria epidemiology, heterogeneous ecological features, relatively modest economic development, and long, porous border with three malaria endemic countries: Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, and Viet Nam.

Methods: Academic publications and grey literature relevant to malaria elimination in Yunnan covering the period from 1950 until 2020 inclusive were considered. The following academic indexes were searched: China Science Periodical Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, and MEDLINE.

Transition of radical, preventive and presumptive treatment regimens for malaria in China: a systematic review.

Background: Globally, malaria is still a major public health challenge. Drug-based treatment is the primary intervention in malaria control and elimination. However, optimal use of mass or targeted treatments remains unclear.

Tuning the Electronic Structures of Multimetal Oxide Nanoplates to Realize Favorable Adsorption Energies of Oxygenated Intermediates.

Highly active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts are important to effectively transform renewable electricity to fuel and chemicals. In this work, we construct a series of multimetal oxide nanoplate OER electrocatalysts through successive cation exchange followed by electrochemical oxidation, whose electronic structure and diversified metal active sites can be engineered the mutual synergy among multiple metal species. Among the examined multimetal oxide nanoplates, CoCeNiFeZnCuO nanoplates exhibit the optimal adsorption energy of OER intermediates.

Marine bioactive compound dieckol induces apoptosis and inhibits the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1.

Pancreatic cancer, which threatens the global population, is a very aggressive disease with an increased mortality rate. Regarding the types of cancer, pancreatic cancer is prone to display significant resistance to conventional therapy, therefore there 5-year survival rate is only 2% to 9%. Bioactive metabolites of marine algae such as polysaccharides, chitin, carternoids, and sterols possess immense pharmacological properties and tend to be promising alternatives for cancer treatment.

OsRbohB-mediated ROS production plays a crucial role in drought stress tolerance of rice.

We found that a rice NADPH oxidase gene OsRbohB contributes drought tolerance and its functions are involved in the interaction of the OsRbohB-mediated ROS production and ABA signaling. The plasma membrane NADPH oxidases, also known as respiratory burst oxidase homologs, are the key producers of ROS under both normal and stress conditions in plants. However, their functions in rice development and stress tolerance are still under investigation.

Physical Activity of Children with Visual Impairments during Different Segments of the School Day.

Schools provide opportunities for children with visual impairments (VI) to accumulate recommended daily moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA). This study aimed to determine physical activity (PA) across the school day among special school children with VI in China. The study objectively measured the MVPA levels of children with VI during the recess, lunchtime, physical education (PE) classes, before-school, and after-school periods segments on PE days and non-PE days.

The value of S-Detect in improving the diagnostic performance of radiologists for the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

Aims: To compare the diagnostic value of S-Detect (a computer aided diagnosis system using deep learning) in differentiating thyroid nodules in radiologists with different experience and to assess if S-Detect can improve the diagnostic performance of radiologists.

Materials And Methods: Between February 2018 and October 2019, 204 thyroid nodules in 181 patients were included. An experienced radiologist performed ultrasound for thyroid nodules and obtained the result of S-Detect.

The health beliefs, dengue knowledge and control behaviors among internally displaced persons versus local residents in Kachin Special Region II, Myanmar.

Dengue fever (DF) is one of main public health problems along the China-Myanmar border, however, data about DF is still lacking in Kachin Special Region II (KSR2), Myanmar. To understand health beliefs in general, and knowledge and treatment-seeking and prevention behaviors related to DF among the neglected population, the study was carried out by using a combination of quantitative household questionnaire surveys (HHSs) and qualitative semi-structured in-depth interviews (SDIs). The HHS questionnaire was administered to a total of 258 household heads.

Treatment seeking behavior and associated factors of suspected dengue fever among Shan people in eastern Shan special region IV, Myanmar: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Dengue fever (DF) is a rapidly spreading mosquito-borne disease along the China-Myanmar border. Understanding treatment-seeking behaviors (TSBs) and associated factors of suspected DF patients in local communities helps to improve health services via promoting prompt treatment, improving patients' prognosis, finding DF information and timely response to DF foci.

Methods: A combination of qualitative semi-structured in-depth interview (SDIs) included 18 key-informants, and quantitative household questionnaire survey (HHSs) involved 259 households was carried out to investigate TSBs and associated factors of suspected DF patients in the Eastern Shan Special Region IV (ESSR4), Myanmar.