A Systematic Review of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Femoral Footprint Location Evaluated by Quadrant Method for Single-Bundle and Double-Bundle Anatomic Reconstruction.

Purpose: To unravel the standard position of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) femoral origin and deduce practical arthroscopic localization and postsurgical evaluation method.

Methods: Two independent reviewers searched PubMed using the terms ACL, footprint, femur, etc. We included studies published since January 1, 2000, in which the results were measured by Bernard's quadrant method.

Lignans and triterpenoids from Vitex negundo var. heterophylla and their biological evaluation.

Three new phenylnaphthalene-type lignans, vitexnegheteroins E-G (1-3), and a new polyoxygenated ursane-type triterpene, vitexnegheteroin H (9), were isolated from the seeds of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla, together with ten known compounds. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR experiments, as well as their mass spectroscopic data.

Electrochemical Investigation of Coenzyme Q10 on Silver Electrode in Ethanol Aqueous Solution and Its Determination Using Differential Pulse Voltammetry.

The electrochemistry reduction of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on silver electrodes has been investigated in mixed solvent containing 95 vol. % ethanol and 5 vol. % water.

Knockout of the Prostaglandin E Receptor Subtype 3 Promotes Eccentric Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis in Mice.

Background:: Prostaglandin E receptor subtype 3 (EP3), a Gi protein-coupled receptor activated by prostaglandin E, plays a particular role in cardioprotection. This study aimed to investigate the impact of EP3 deletion on cardiac remodeling and further elucidate the related involvement of possible signaling pathways.

Methods And Results:: The animals used were EP3 receptor knockout (EP3KO) mice and wild-type (WT) litter mate controls at 16-18 weeks old.

Cyanine-based 1-amino-1-deoxyglucose as fluorescent probes for glucose transporter mediated bioimaging.

Two novel cyanine-based 1-amino-1-deoxy-β-glucose conjugates (Glu-1N-Cy3 and Glu-1N-Cy5) were designed, synthesized and their fluorescence characteristics were studied. Both Glu-1N-Cy3 and Glu-1N-Cy5 accumulate in living HT29 human colon cancer cells, which overexpress glucose transporters (GLUTs). The cellular uptake of the bioprobes was inhibited by natural GLUT substrate d-glucose and 2-deoxy-d-glucose.

Carbon and Nitrogen Mineralization in Relation to Soil Particle-Size Fractions after 32 Years of Chemical and Manure Application in a Continuous Maize Cropping System.

Long-term manure application is recognized as an efficient management practice to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and nitrogen (N) mineralization capacity. A field study was established in 1979 to understand the impact of long-term manure and/or chemical fertilizer application on soil fertility in a continuous maize cropping system. Soil samples were collected from field plots in 2012 from 9 fertilization treatments (M0CK, M0N, M0NPK, M30CK, M30N, M30NPK, M60CK, M60N, and M60NPK) where M0, M30, and M60 refer to manure applied at rates of 0, 30, and 60 t ha(-1) yr(-1), respectively; CK indicates no fertilizer; N and NPK refer to chemical fertilizer in the forms of either N or N plus phosphorus (P) and potassium (K).

A Mouse Model of Visual Perceptual Learning Reveals Alterations in Neuronal Coding and Dendritic Spine Density in the Visual Cortex.

Visual perceptual learning (VPL) can improve spatial vision in normally sighted and visually impaired individuals. Although previous studies of humans and large animals have explored the neural basis of VPL, elucidation of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remains a challenge. Owing to the advantages of molecular genetic and optogenetic manipulations, the mouse is a promising model for providing a mechanistic understanding of VPL.

Strain-induced water dissociation on supported ultrathin oxide films.

Controlling the dissociation of single water molecule on an insulating surface plays a crucial role in many catalytic reactions. In this work, we have identified the enhanced chemical reactivity of ultrathin MgO(100) films deposited on Mo(100) substrate that causes water dissociation. We reveal that the ability to split water on insulating surface closely depends on the lattice mismatch between ultrathin films and the underlying substrate, and substrate-induced in-plane tensile strain dramatically results in water dissociation on MgO(100).

Controllable dissociations of PH3 molecules on Si(001).

We demonstrate for the first time to our knowledge that controllable dissociation of PH3 adsorption products PHx (x = 2, 1) can be realized by STM (scanning tunneling microscope) manipulation techniques at room temperature. Five dissociative products and their geometric structures are identified via combining STM experiments and first-principle calculations and simulations. In total we realize nine kinds of controllable dissociations by applying a voltage pulse among the PH3-related structures on Si(001).

Advances in HSP27 and HSP90-targeting strategies for glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor in adults. There is a critical need for novel strategies to abolish the molecular mechanisms that support GBM growth, invasion and treatment resistance. The heat shock proteins, HSP27 and HSP90, serve these pivotal roles in tumor cells and have been identified as effective targets for developing therapeutics.

Comparison of Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis in Triple-Negative and Non-Triple Negative Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has attracted more attention both clinically and experimentally because of its high-risk biological characteristics and lacking of effective treatment method. The purpose of this retrospective study was to find out the incidence of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in all kinds of breast cancers and to compare and analyze the clinicopathological features, recurrence, metastasis and prognosis of patients with TNBC and non-triple negative breast cancer (non-TNBC).

Methods: A total of 1578 female patients with primary breast cancer were diagnosed and treated at the department of General Surgery, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, China, from Jan.

In Vitro Validation of Intratumoral Modulation Therapy for Glioblastoma.

Background/aim: This proof-of-concept study evaluated the antitumor impact of a direct electrical stimulation technique, termed intratumoral modulation therapy (IMT) on glioblastoma (GBM) cells.

Materials And Methods: An in vitro IMT model comprised of a calibrated electrode to deliver continuous, low-intensity stimulation within GBM preparations. Viability and apoptosis assays were performed in treated immortalized and patient-derived GBM cells, and post-mitotic neurons.

Keeping up the balance: role of HDACs in cardiac proteostasis and therapeutic implications for atrial fibrillation.

Cardiomyocytes are long-lived post-mitotic cells with limited regenerative capacity. Proper cardiomyocyte function depends critically on the maintenance of a healthy homeostasis of protein expression, folding, assembly, trafficking, function, and degradation, together commonly referred to as proteostasis. Impairment of proteostasis has a prominent role in the pathophysiology of ageing-related neurodegenerative diseases including Huntington's, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's disease.

[Identification of different varieties of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma based on chemical analysis].

A HPLC method was established to determine the contents of the five anthraquinones and rhaponticin in the different varieties of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. The difference existed in different varieties. The results showed that rhein and rhaponticin were marker substances which could be used to distinguish palm leaf groups rhubarb and wave leaf groups rhubarb.

Probiotic and anti-inflammatory attributes of an isolate Lactobacillus helveticus NS8 from Mongolian fermented koumiss.

Background: Koumiss is a traditionally fermented mare's milk described with health-promoting potentials for decades. However, only a few studies focused on the probiotic strains isolated from koumiss. In this study, we collected koumiss samples from Inner Mongolian pasturing area of China and selected a promising strain of Lactobacillus helveticus, isolate NS8, based on the survival abilities in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and adhesion to intestinal endothelial cells in vitro.

Construction and development of an auto-regulatory gene expression system in Bacillus subtilis.

Background: Bacillus subtilis is an all-important Gram-positive bacterium of valuable biotechnological utility that has been widely used to over-produce industrially and pharmaceutically relevant proteins. There are a variety of expression systems in terms of types of transcriptional patterns, among which the auto-inducible and growth-phase-dependent promoters are gaining increasing favor due to their inducer-independent feature, allowing for the potential to industrially scale-up. To expand the applicability of the auto-inducible expression system, a novel auto-regulatory expression system coupled with cell density was constructed and developed in B.

Advances in Neurotrophic Factor and Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson's Disease: A Mini-Review.

Parkinson's disease (PD) affects an estimated 7-10 million people worldwide and remains without definitive or disease-modifying treatment. There have been many recent developments in cell-based therapy (CBT) to replace lost circuitry and provide chronic biological sources of therapeutic agents to the PD-affected brain. Early neural transplantation studies underscored the challenges of immune compatibility, graft integration and the need for renewable, autologous graft sources.

Prognosis of ultra-early microsurgery combined with extraventricular drainage in patients with poor-grade aneurysms.

Objective: To explore the clinical effects of ultra-early microsurgery (< 24 hours) combined with extraventricular drainage for the treatment of poor-grade aneurysms.

Methods: A total of 60 patients with poor-grade aneurysms were randomly divided into a microsurgery combined with extraventricular drainage (MED) group and conventional microsurgery (M) group. The prognosis was comparatively studied for these 2 groups.

Antibiotic-induced imbalances in gut microbiota aggravates cholesterol accumulation and liver injuries in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet.

Increasing evidence suggests that maintenance of homeostasis between gut microbiota and host plays an important role in human health. Many diseases, such as those affecting the liver, have been linked to imbalances in gut microbial communities. However, it is not clear whether an imbalance in gut microbiota promotes the onset of liver injury or if the imbalance results from the pathological state.

Breast cancer cells promote osteoblastic differentiation via Sema 3A signaling pathway in vitro.

Breast cancer bone metastases are attributed to multiple cellular and molecular interactions between the cancer cells and the bone microenvironment. Some breast cancers (about 10%) manifest predominant osteoblastic bone metastases. However, the effects of cancer cell-produced factors on osteoblastic differentiation are not fully understood.

Construction and development of a novel expression system of Streptomyces.

Streptomyces is well known to be an attractive host for producing large amounts of proteins with potent biological activities into the culture supernatant. To expand its expression system, we constructed a novel expression plasmid for gene expression in Streptomyces by inserting the promoter (P(tg)) and the signal peptide (SP(tg)) of transglutaminase (TGase) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus WSH03-13 into vector pIJ86, followed by multiple cloning sites and a transcriptional terminator fd (fd-ter). The secretion capacity of the vector was further enhanced by optimizing the signal peptidase cleavage site and a rare codon of SP(tg), yielding expression vector pSG02.

Inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A with the small molecule LB100 overcomes cell cycle arrest in osteosarcoma after cisplatin treatment.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor and affects a significant portion of pediatric oncology patients. Although surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy confer significant survival benefits, many patients go on to develop metastatic disease, particularly to the lungs, secondary to development of drug resistance. Inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A with the small molecule, LB100, has demonstrated potent chemo- and radio-sensitizing properties in numerous pre-clinical tumor models.

Quetiapine inhibits osteoclastogenesis and prevents human breast cancer-induced bone loss through suppression of the RANKL-mediated MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Bone loss is one of the major complications of advanced cancers such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer. Extensive research has revealed that the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), which is considered to be a key factor in osteoclast differentiation, plays an important role in cancer-associated bone resorption. Therefore, agents that can suppress this bone loss have therapeutic potential.

CD147 deficiency blocks IL-8 secretion and inhibits lung cancer-induced osteoclastogenesis.

Bone is a frequent target of lung cancer metastasis, which is associated with significant morbidity and poor prognosis; however, the molecular basis of this process is still unknown. This study investigated the role of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (also known as cluster of differentiation (CD)147) in osteoclastogenesis resulting from bone metastasis, based on the enrichment of this glycoprotein on the surface of many malignant bone tumors. RNA interference was used to silence CD147 expression in A549 human lung cancer cells.

Suppression subtractive hybridization reveals differentially expressed genes in supraspinous ligaments of patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a severe chronic inflammatory disease that may ultimately result in the development of a 'bamboo‑like' spine. Although the pathological changes that occur in AS have been extensively investigated, the mechanism underlying spinal fusion during AS remains elusive. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in paraspinal tissues from patients with AS compared with those from healthy controls were therefore investigated.