Preparation of the conjugated hypercrosslinked polymers containing phenylenediamine and phenylenetriamine derivatives for fluorescent sensing of three nitrophenols.

Hypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs) are the most promising porous organic polymers for large-scale production due to their easy preparation, extensive raw material source, good stability, and large specific surface area. However, due to the lack of extended conjugability, their application in fluorescence sensing is limited. Herein, three conjugated hypercrosslinked polymers (the conjugated HCPs: TPPDA-DMB, TDPAB-DMB, and MTDAB-DMB) were easily prepared by the Friedel-Craft arylation reactions with phenylenediamine or phenylenetriamine derivatives and p-dimethoxybenzene (DMB).

Ninety percent circular polarization detected in a repeating fast radio burst.

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extra-galactic sources with unknown physical mechanisms. They emit millisecond-duration radio pulses with isotropic equivalent energy of [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] ergs. This corresponds to a brightness temperature of FRB emission typically reaching the level of [Formula: see text] K, but can be as high as above [Formula: see text] K for sub-microsecond timescale structures, suggesting the presence of underlying coherent relativistic radiation mechanisms.

Uncovering dynamic transcriptional regulation of methanogenesis via single-cell imaging of archaeal gene expression.

Archaeal methanogenesis is a dynamic process regulated by various cellular and environmental signals. However, understanding this regulation is technically challenging due to the difficulty of measuring gene expression dynamics in individual archaeal cells. Here, we develop a multi-round hybridization chain reaction (HCR)-assisted single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method to quantify the transcriptional dynamics of 12 genes involved in methanogenesis in individual cells of Methanococcoides orientis.

Single cell immunoprofile of synovial fluid in rheumatoid arthritis with TNF/JAK inhibitor treatment.

Numerous patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) manifest severe syndromes, including elevated synovial fluid volumes (SF) with abundant immune cells, which can be controlled by TNF/JAK inhibitors. Here, we apply single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and subsequent validations in SF from RA patients. These analyses of synovial tissue show reduced density of SF-derived pathogenic cells (e.

Greatly Enhancing the Stability and Reversibility of Zn Electrode in the Alkaline Electrolyte by Introducing Lauryl Phosphate Potassium.

Alkaline Zn batteries are currently among the most important energy storage technologies due to their low cost, safety, and high energy density. However, the storage lifespan and reversibility of these batteries are severely restricted by the side reactions of the Zn electrode in the alkaline electrolytes, such as hydrogen evolution, self-corrosion, and uneven Zn deposition. This work addresses these issues by introducing lauryl phosphate potassium (PLP) into the alkaline electrolyte and forming a protective layer adsorbed onto the Zn surface.

Toward Efficient Target-Level Machine Unlearning Based on Essential Graph.

Machine unlearning is an emerging technology that has come to attract widespread attention. A number of factors, including regulations and laws, privacy, and usability concerns, have resulted in this need to allow a trained model to forget some of its training data. Existing studies of machine unlearning mainly focus on unlearning requests that forget a cluster of instances or all instances from one class.

Hippocampal GPR35 is involved in the depression-like behaviors induced by inflammation and mediates the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine in mice.

Background: Neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of depression. G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) is expressed in the brain and plays a role in regulating inflammatory processes. However, its specific role in depression remains unclear.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/VEGFR2/Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

The concurrent targeting of Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3)/VEGFR2/Histone deacetylase (HDAC) represents a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia. In this work, we hybridized essential pharmacophores from sorafenib and SAHA (vorinostat) and then conducted structure-activity relationship studies to identify two lead compounds and that potently inhibit FLT3, VEGFR2, and HDAC in a nanomolar range. In cell evaluation, compounds and exhibited potent proliferative activities against a panel of leukemia cells including MV4-11 and MOLM-13.

Exploring the Active Constituents of in Protecting the Skin Barrier and the Synergistic Effects with Collagen XVII.

is mainly used to treat skin inflammations, wounds, and infections. In this study, Andrographis Herba, the aerial part of the plant, was proven to increase the viability of UVB-damaged HaCat cells and reduce reactive oxygen species levels. The chemical composition of Andrographis Herba extract (AHE) was analyzed using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, and diterpene lactones were identified as its primary constituents.

Inhibited peroxidase activity of peroxiredoxin 1 by palmitic acid exacerbates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in male mice.

Reactive oxygen species exacerbate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by oxidizing macromolecules; yet how they promote NASH remains poorly understood. Here, we show that peroxidase activity of global hepatic peroxiredoxin (PRDX) is significantly decreased in NASH, and palmitic acid (PA) binds to PRDX1 and inhibits its peroxidase activity. Using three genetic models, we demonstrate that hepatic PRDX1 protects against NASH in male mice.

Bioinformatics analysis of ferroptosis-related hub genes and immunoinfiltration in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion following heart transplantation.

Background: Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is an inevitable pathophysiological process during heart transplantation, and ferroptosis is an important pathogenic mechanism. Unlike other modes of cell death, ferroptosis depends on the accumulation of iron within the cell and the oxidative degradation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Dysregulation of this pathway has been linked to the progression of multiple pathological conditions, making it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention.

Low-input redoxomics facilitates global identification of metabolic regulators of oxidative stress in the gut.

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in organ aging and related diseases, yet the endogenous regulators involved remain largely unknown. This work highlights the importance of metabolic homeostasis in protecting against oxidative stress in the large intestine. By developing a low-input and user-friendly pipeline for the simultaneous profiling of five distinct cysteine (Cys) states, including free SH, total Cys oxidation (Sto), sulfenic acid (SOH), S-nitrosylation (SNO), and S-glutathionylation (SSG), we shed light on Cys redox modification stoichiometries and signaling with regional resolution in the aging gut of monkeys.

Yu-Ping-Feng-San improve the immunosuppression of microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting the maturation of DCs through the JAK2-STAT3 pathway.

Yu-Ping-Feng-San (YPF) is a famous classical Chinese medicine formula known for its ability to boost immunity. YPF has been applied to enhance the immune status of tumor patients in clinical practice. However, there is still a lack of research on its immune regulatory effects and mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment.

Anaerobic stabilization and landscape utilization of rural sewage sludge from the enhanced membrane coagulation process.

In this study, enhanced membrane coagulation (EMC) sludge was subjected to various alkaline (pH 7.2, 10, and 11), temperature (35 °C and 55 °C), and duration (0.5 h and 1 day) pretreatment conditions before being inoculated into biogas reactors operated for 176 days.

Development of the Job-Related Uncertainty Stress Scale for Platform Workers.

Objectives: This study reports the development of the Job-Related Uncertainty Stress Scale for Platform Workers (JUSSPW) and examines its reliability and validity.

Methods: The research was conducted in 2 phases. In Study 1, item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were conducted on data from 343 platform riders (males: 321; females: 22; mean (SD) age: 27.

Determinants of depression and anxiety in informal waste pickers: a cross-sectional study of informal waste pickers in Hong Kong.

Background: There are growing global concerns about informal waste pickers and their health issues. This cross-sectional study drew on the structural violence theory to examine the mental health situation of informal waste pickers in Hong Kong and identified the determinants of depression and anxiety in them ranging from individual to societal and governmental levels.

Method: The data from the largest territory-wide study of informal waste pickers in 2023 was analysed.

Effect of coexisting nutrient divalent cations on cadmium transport in soil-herbal crop systems.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution in Chinese herbal medicines poses a serious risk to medication safety. Regulating Cd uptake, transport, and accumulation in plants through ion-ion interactions offers a novel, environmentally sustainable, and practical approach to address this issue. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of coexisting divalent cations zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), and manganese (Mn) on Cd uptake by Ligusticum sinense cv.

Collateral lethality: A unique type of synthetic lethality in cancers.

Genetic interactions play crucial roles in cell-essential functions. Intrinsic genetic defects in tumors typically involve gain-of- and loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) and oncogenes, respectively, providing potential antitumor vulnerabilities. Moreover, tumor cells with TSG deficiencies exhibit heightened sensitivity to the inhibition of compensatory pathways.

Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Arylation of Indoles with Arylsilanes at Room Temperature.

The Cp*Rh-catalyzed C-H arylation of indoles with arylsilanes is developed. This C-H activation transformation allows for the Rh-catalyzed indole C arylation to overcome the limitations of requiring strong directing group assistance and high-temperature conditions, achieving a room-temperature transformation driven by a weak directing group. Cp*Rh/MeOH catalytic media are considered a key factor enabling this transformation to occur under mild conditions, and experimental studies and theoretical calculations were performed to rationalize the reaction mechanisms and the influence of methanol as a solvent in promoting the reaction.

More than a contaminant: How zinc promotes carbonate-mineralizing bacteria metabolism and adaptation by reshaping precipitation conditions.

Although microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology is both environmentally friendly and cost-effective, its efficiency is constrained by challenges such as low bacterial activity and heavy metal stress. This study explored the enhancement of mineralization efficiency by incorporating zinc (Zn) into the cultivation system of carbonate-mineralized bacteria. All Zn salts at a concentration of 30 μmol/L significantly enhanced the density and heavy metal resistance of bacterial cells, while also promoting CO hydration efficiency.

Application of high-polarity hydroxyl polyacrylate pressure sensitive adhesive in rizatriptan transdermal drug delivery patch.

This study aimed to design a rizatriptan (RIZ) transdermal patch by combining of high-polarity hydroxyl pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) AAOH-45 with an ion-pair strategy and investigate the molecular mechanism of high content hydroxyl PSA to enhance drug-PSA miscibility. RIZ free base, ion-pair complexes and PSAs containing hydroxyl group were prepared and characterized. Formulation factors including counter-ions, PSAs, drug-loading and others were optimized through single-factor studies and evaluated through pharmacokinetic studies and skin irritation tests.

Combining ion-pair strategy and percutaneous permeation enhancers to develop sustained-release paliperidone patch.

In this study, a sustained-release paliperidone (PAL) patch was developed using a combination of ion-pair strategy and percutaneous permeation enhancers (PPEs). The ion-pair strategy was used to improve drug-adhesive miscibility and control drug release. PPEs were used to break SC barrier function to facilitate drug skin permeation.