Rapid cycling and emission of volatile sulfur compounds in the eastern Indian Ocean: Impact of runoff inputs and implications for balancing atmospheric carbonyl sulfide budget.

Volatile sulfur compounds, such as dimethyl sulfide (DMS), carbonyl sulfide (OCS), and carbon disulfide (CS), significantly influence atmospheric chemistry and climate change. Despite the oceans being an important source of these sulfides, the limited understanding of their biogeochemical cycles in seawater introduces considerable uncertainties in quantifying their oceanic emissions and assessing atmospheric OCS budgets. To address this issue, we conducted a comprehensive field survey in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean (EIO) to examine the spatial distributions, source-sink dynamics, and sea-air exchange fluxes of marine DMS, OCS, and CS.

The seed endophytic microbe Microbacterium testaceum M15 enhances the cold tolerance and growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.).

The potential of seed endophytic microbes to enhance plant growth and resilience is well recognized, yet their role in alleviating cold stress in rice remains underexplored due to the complexity of these microbial communities. In this study, we investigated the diversity of seed endophytic microbes in two rice varieties, the cold-sensitive CB9 and the cold-tolerant JG117. Our results revealed significant differences in the abundance of Microbacteriaceae, with JG117 exhibiting a higher abundance under both cold stress and room temperature conditions compared to CB9.

Chiral Polymeric Diamine Ligands for Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation.

A series of polymeric chiral diamine ligands are developed by diboron-templated asymmetric reductive couplings, and their iridium complexes Ir-polydiamines are efficient and recyclable catalysts for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) of functionalized ketones, affording a series of optically active secondary alcohols in excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee) and unprecedentedly high total TONs (12,000, six cycles). Ir-polydiamine catalysts with longer chains offered higher reactivities, providing a plausible deactivation mechanism and practical solutions of ATH for vitamin B5 and phenylephrine.

Comparative Study for Safety and Efficacy of OAGB and SADJB-SG: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Obesity and related complications are managed by One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) and Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Jejunal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy (SADJB-SG), both of which are adapted from traditional gastric bypass procedures. However, there are no current comparative studies on the safety and efficacy of these two surgical procedures.

Patients And Methods: Preoperative baseline data of patients who had undergone OAGB and SADJB-SG surgeries from June 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed at our bariatric facility.

Telemedicine for Preoperative Assessment, Surgical Appointments, and Preoperative Education in Gynecological Day Surgery: An Prospective Observational Analysis.

Background: This study investigates the differences in the cost, time, pre-operative education and patient satisfaction levels of patients requiring a second hysteroscopic surgery using a full-service model of remote preoperative assessment, surgical appointments, and preoperative education.

Methods: Forty-one patients who were proficient in the use of telemedicine platforms, planned to undergo a second hysteroscopic surgery, and selected either telemedicine (N=21) or face-to-face (N=20) models for their preoperative assessments, surgical appointments, and preoperative education were included. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney -test and Fisher's exact test.

Development of chemiluminescent systems and devices for analytical applications.

Chemiluminescence (CL) refers to the light-emitting phenomenon resulting from chemical reactions. Due to its simplicity in terms of instrumentation and high sensitivity, CL plays a critical role in analytical chemistry and has developed rapidly in recent years. In this review, we discuss the efforts made by our group in the field of CL.

Novel Insights into Enzymatic Thermostability: The "Short Board" Theory and Zero-Shot Hamiltonian Model.

Understanding the mechanism underlying thermostabilization in naturally stable enzymes and enhancing the thermostability of unstable enzymes are crucial aspects in enzyme engineering. Despite the development of various engineering methods, there remains substantial scope for improvement. In this study, a novel concept termed as the "short board" theory is proposed, which conceptualizes proteins as barrels with each component representing a jagged board.

[Progress in research of incidence of aortic dissection and risk factors].

The incidence rate of aortic dissection (AD) is low, but it is highly fatal in the acute phase. Miss diagnosis and misdiagnosis can occur occasionally, resulting the miss of the best intervention time. Research on the epidemiological characteristics and of AD and related risk factors can identify high-risk groups, make screening and diagnosis as soon as possible and effectively control the changeable risk factors to reduce the incidence of AD and improve the outcome of AD cases.

Deciphering the complex mechanics of atherosclerotic plaques: A hybrid hierarchical theory-microrheology approach.

Understanding the viscoelastic properties of atherosclerotic plaques at rupture-prone scales is crucial for assessing their vulnerability. Here, we develop a Hybrid Hierarchical theory-Microrheology (HHM) approach, enabling the analysis of multiscale mechanical variations and distribution changes in regional tissue viscoelasticity within plaques across different spatial scales. We disclose a universal two-stage power-law rheology in plaques, characterized by distinct power-law exponents (α and α), which serve as mechanical indexes for plaque components and assessing mechanical gradients.

Fei-yan-qing-hua decoction exerts an anti-inflammatory role during influenza by inhibiting the infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils through NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Fei-Yan-Qing-Hua decoction (FYQHD) is an empirical formula that has shown clinical success in treating community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) for two decades. Influenza viral infection is a significant trigger for severe pneumonia, yet the role of FYQHD in treating influenza remains unclear.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to assess the potential efficacy of FYQHD in treating influenza viral infection and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Metabolic changes induced by heavy metal copper exposure in human ovarian granulosa cells.

Copper (Cu) is a common heavy metal and a hazardous environmental pollutant. Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests that Cu exposure is associated with female infertility, especially ovarian dysfunction. However, the mechanisms underlying ovarian toxicity remain poorly understood.

Abnormal Structural-Functional Coupling and MRI Alterations of Brain Network Topology in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy.

Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) can cause structural and functional brain reconstruction. There is a lack of knowledge about the consistency between structural-functional (S-F) connection networks in PSP, despite growing evidence of anomalies in various single brain network parameters.

Purpose: To study the changes in the structural and functional networks of PSP, network's topological properties including degree, and the consistency of S-F coupling.

Integrated transcriptomics and proteomics analyses reveal the ameliorative effect of hepatic damage in tilapia caused by polystyrene microplastics with chlorella addition.

Fish exhibit varying responses to polystyrene microplastics (MPs) depending on particle size. Previous studies suggested that microorganisms adhering to the surface of MPs can induce toxic effects. In this study, Tilapia were exposed to MPs of control (group A), 75 nm (B), 7.

Modified Standard Total en bloc Spondylectomy for Solitary Thoracic or Lumbar Spinal Metastasis: A 1-Stage Posterior Approach Under Direct Visualization.

Background: Solitary spinal metastasis (SM) is one of the indications for total en bloc spondylectomy (TES). Conventional TES carries the risk of damage to the great vessels anterior to the vertebral column, mainly because of a lack of visualization of the anterior structures. In this study, we devised a modified standard TES technique to achieve direct visualization in a 1-stage posterior approach.

Information sharing and channel encroachment in biomass supply chains.

To guarantee the sustainable development of the biomass raw material supply chain, researchers are increasingly focusing on the issue of information asymmetry between biomass power plants and upstream supply chain members. This paper investigates the optimal information sharing strategy for a biomass power plant where farmers choose whether to encroach on the biomass feedstock supply. Using a game theory model, we analyze eight different information sharing scenarios, and the results show that when the encroachment occurs in supply chain channels, information sharing can significantly increase the profits of the entire supply chain.

Efficacy of robot-assisted gait training on lower extremity function in subacute stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Robot-Assisted Gait Training (RAGT) is a novel technology widely employed in the field of neurological rehabilitation for patients with subacute stroke. However, the effectiveness of RAGT compared to conventional gait training (CGT) in improving lower extremity function remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of RAGT and CGT on lower extremity movement in patients with subacute stroke.

Liver protects neuron viability and electrocortical activity in post-cardiac arrest brain injury.

Brain injury is the leading cause of mortality among patients who survive cardiac arrest (CA). Clinical studies have shown that the presence of post-CA hypoxic hepatitis or pre-CA liver disease is associated with increased mortality and inferior neurological recovery. In our in vivo global cerebral ischemia model, we observed a larger infarct area, elevated tissue injury scores, and increased intravascular CD45+ cell adhesion in reperfused brains with simultaneous hepatic ischemia than in those without it.

Developing a Rhodium(III) Complex to Reprogram the Tumor Immune and Metabolic Microenvironments: Overcoming Multidrug Resistance and Metastasis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

To effectively inhibit the growth and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and overcome its multidrug resistance (MDR), we designed and synthesized a series of rhodium (Rh, III) 2-benzoylpyridine thiosemicarbazone complexes. Through studying their structure-activity relationships, we identified the Rh(III) complex (Rh4) with excellent cytotoxicity against multidrug-resistant lung cancer cells (A549/ADR cells). Additionally, we successfully constructed an apoferritin (AFt) nanoparticle (NP) delivery system (AFt-Rh4 NPs).

Automated Deep Learning-Based Finger Joint Segmentation in 3-D Ultrasound Images With Limited Dataset.

Ultrasound imaging has shown promise in assessing synovium inflammation associated early stages of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The precise identification of the synovium and the quantification of inflammation-specific imaging biomarkers is a crucial aspect of accurately quantifying and grading RA. In this study, a deep learning-based approach is presented that automates the segmentation of the synovium in ultrasound images of finger joints affected by RA.