M13, an anthraquinone compound isolated from Morinda officinalis alleviates the progression of the osteoarthritis via the regulation of STAT3.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the progressive deterioration of articular cartilage, leading to joint pain and functional impairment. OA severely impacts quality of life and presents a substantial societal burden. Currently, effective treatment options remain limited.

Differences of regional homogeneity and cognitive function between psychotic depression and drug-naïve schizophrenia.

Background: Psychotic depression (PD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) share overlapping symptoms yet differ in etiology, progression, and treatment approaches. Differentiating these disorders through symptom-based diagnosis is challenging, emphasizing the need for a clearer understanding of their distinct cognitive and neural mechanisms.

Aim: This study aims to compare cognitive impairments and brain functional activities in PD and SCZ to pinpoint distinguishing characteristics of each disorder.

In situ photocrosslinkable hydrogel treats radiation-induced skin injury by ROS elimination and inflammation regulation.

The clinical management of radiation-induced skin injury (RSI) poses a significant challenge, primarily due to the acute damage caused by an overabundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ongoing inflammatory microenvironment. Here, we designed a dual-network hydrogel composed of 5 % (w/v) Pluronic F127 diacrylate and 2 % (w/v) hyaluronic acid methacryloyl, termed the FH hydrogel. To confer antioxidant and anti-inflammation properties to the hydrogel, we incorporated PVP-modified Prussian blue nanoparticles (PPBs) and resveratrol (Res) to form PHF@Res hydrogels.

Synergic Effect of N and Se Facilitates Photoelectric Performance in Co-Hyperdoped Silicon.

Femtosecond-laser-fabricated black silicon has been widely used in the fields of solar cells, photodetectors, semiconductor devices, optical coatings, and quantum computing. However, the responsive spectral range limits its application in the near- to mid-infrared wavelengths. To further increase the optical responsivity in longer wavelengths, in this work, silicon (Si) was co-hyperdoped with nitrogen (N) and selenium (Se) through the deposition of Se films on Si followed by femtosecond (fs)-laser irradiation in an atmosphere of NF.

Surface Charge Regulation of Graphene by Fluorine and Chlorine Co-Doping for Constructing Ultra-Stable and Large Energy Density Micro-Supercapacitors.

Settling the structure stacking of graphene (G) nanosheets to maintain the high dispersity has been an intense issue to facilitate their practical application in the microelectronics-related devices. Herein, the co-doping of the highest electronegative fluorine (F) and large atomic radius chlorine (Cl) into G via a one-step electrochemical exfoliation protocol is engineered to actualize the ultralong cycling stability for flexible micro-supercapacitors (MSCs). Density functional theoretical calculations unveiled that the F into G can form the "ionic" C─F bond to increase the repulsive force between nanosheets, and the introduction of Cl can enlarge the layer spacing of G as well as increase active sites by accumulating the charge on pore defects.

Ultra-Sensitive Simultaneous Detection of Dopamine and Acetaminophen over Hollow Porous AuAg Alloy Nanospheres.

Hollow porous AuAg nanospheres (AuAg HPNSs) were obtained through a simple solvothermal synthesis, complemented by a dealloying strategy. The hollow interior, open pore voids, and integral interconnected skeleton shell in AuAg HPNSs are beneficial for providing sufficient electrolyte diffusion and contacts, abundant active sites, and efficient electron transport. This specific structure and the favorable alloy synergism contribute to the superior electrocatalytic activity toward dopamine (DA) and acetaminophen (AC).

Proteomic Stratification of Prognosis and Treatment Options for Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly malignant and heterogeneous cancer with limited therapeutic options and prognosis prediction models. Here, we analyzed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples of surgical resections by proteomic profiling, and stratified SCLC into three proteomic subtypes (S-I, S-II, and S-III) with distinct clinical outcomes and chemotherapy responses. The proteomic subtyping was an independent prognostic factor and performed better than current tumor-node-metastasis or Veterans Administration Lung Study Group staging methods.

Comparison of cognitive performance in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia, bipolar II disorder, and major depressive disorder patients after treatment.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a recognized fundamental deficit in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar II disorder (BD II), and major depressive disorder (MDD), among other psychiatric disorders. However, limited research has compared cognitive function among first-episode drug-naïve individuals with SZ, BD II, or MDD.

Methods: This study aimed to address this gap by assessing the cognitive performance of 235 participants (40 healthy controls, 58 SZ patients, 72 BD II patients, and 65 MDD patients) using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) before and after 12 weeks of treatment in SZ, BD II, and MDD patients.

Homeobox B4 optimizes the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on endotoxin-associated acute lung injury in rats.

Background: Alveolar capillary endothelial cell (EC) injury has a pivotal role in driving acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) progression and maintaining endothelial homeostasis. A previous ex vivo study revealed that overexpression of homeobox B4 (HOXB4) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) enhanced protection against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced EC injury by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This in vivo study was performed to verify whether BMSCs overexpressing HOXB4 exert similar protective effects on LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in an animal model.

A method to synthesize specific active Cu sites of single-atom catalysts with high stability for acetylene hydration.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have received much attention in the realm of energy and catalytic conversion due to their maximum atomic efficiency. Herein, we report a cascade anchoring strategy for the preparation of a Cu-SO species of single-atom catalyst attached to a carbon carrier containing P and S (Cu-SO SA/CPS) with a content of 12.4 wt%.

Overexpression of Wnt5a promoted the protective effect of mesenchymal stem cells on Lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial cell injury via activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Background: Lung endothelial barrier injury plays an important role in the pathophysiology of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has shown promise in ARDS treatment and restoration of the impaired barrier function. It has been reported that Wnt5a shows protective effects on endothelial cells.

Maslinic acid alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the cause of low back pain (LBP), and recent research has suggested that inflammatory cytokines play a significant role in this process. Maslinic acid (MA), a natural compound found in olive plants ( ), has anti-inflammatory properties, but its potential for treating IDD is unclear. The current study aims to investigate the effects of MA on TNFα-induced IDD and in other models.

Hnrnpk protects against osteoarthritis through targeting WWC1 mRNA and inhibiting Hippo signaling pathway.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related or post-traumatic degenerative whole joint disease characterized by the rupture of articular cartilage homeostasis, the regulatory mechanisms of which remain elusive. This study identifies the essential role of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) in maintaining articular cartilage homeostasis. Hnrnpk expression is markedly downregulated in human and mice OA cartilage.

Antitumoral Potential of the Histone Demethylase Inhibitor GSK-J4 in Retinoblastoma.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the antitumor effects of GSK-J4 on retinoblastoma, as well as its related biological functions and molecular mechanisms.

Methods: The antitumor effect of GSK-J4 on retinoblastoma was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo assays. CCK-8, EdU incorporation, and soft agar colony formation assays were performed to examine the effect of GSK-J4 on cell proliferation.

High-performance amplified spontaneous emission in inorganic CsPbBr perovskite thin films grown on engineered quartz substrates.

In this work, periodic rectangular arrays were fabricated on quartz substrates using the femtosecond laser ablation technique, on which inorganic cesium lead bromide thin films were grown using the spin coating method. Enhanced photoluminescence emission was investigated using a homebuilt confocal microscope, and increased light absorption due to the engineered structures was also measured. High-performance amplified spontaneous emission with typical narrow lasing emission peaks excited using a nanosecond laser centered at 266 nm was obtained.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy as a powerful method for the analysis of Chinese herbal medicines.

Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) derived from nature have received increasing attention and become more popular. Due to their diverse production processes, complex ingredients, and different storage conditions, it is highly desirable to develop simple, rapid, efficient and trace detection methods to ensure the drug quality. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy has the advantages of being time-saving, non-destructive, usable in aqueous environments, and highly compatible with various biomolecular samples, providing a promising analytical method for CHM.

Abnormalities of the Amygdala in schizophrenia: a real world study.

Background: Amygdala plays an important role in schizophrenia (SC), but its mechanisms are still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between the resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (rsMRI) signals of the amygdala and cognitive functions, providing references for future research in this area.

Methods: We collected 40 drug-naïve SC patients and 33 healthy controls (HC) from the Third People's Hospital of Foshan.

Hnrnpk is essential for embryonic limb bud development as a transcription activator and a collaborator of insulator protein Ctcf.

Proper development of the limb bud relies on the concordance of various signals, but its molecular mechanisms have not yet been fully illustrated. Here we report that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) is essential for limb bud development. Its ablation in the limb bud results in limbless forelimbs and severe deformities of the hindlimbs.

Inhibition of hyaluronic acid degradation pathway suppresses glioma progression by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.

Background: Abnormal hyaluronic acid (HA) metabolism is a major factor in tumor progression, and the metabolic regulation of HA mainly includes HA biosynthesis and catabolism. In glioma, abnormal HA biosynthesis is intimately involved in glioma malignant biological properties and the formation of immunosuppressive microenvironment; however, the role of abnormal HA catabolism in glioma remains unclear.

Methods: HA catabolism is dependent on hyaluronidase.

Abnormal blood lipid and electrocardiogram characteristics in common mental disorders.

Background: At present, there is not enough evidence to prove the relationship between blood lipid and electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities in common mental disorders (CMD). This study aimed to explore the relationship between them, to detect and prevent arrhythmia or sudden death.

Methods: We collected 272 CMD patients (maintained a fixed drug dose pattern for 1 year or more), including 95 schizophrenias (SC), 90 bipolar disorders (BD) and 87 major depressive disorders (MDD), and 78 healthy controls (HC) from the Third People's Hospital of Foshan, China.

Enhanced Photoluminescence and Random Lasing Emission in TiO-Decorated FAPbBr Thin Films.

Herein, titanium-dioxide-decorated organic formamidinium lead bromide perovskite thin films grown by the one-step spin-coating method are studied. TiO nanoparticles are widespread in FAPbBr thin films, which changes the optical properties of the perovskite thin films effectively. Obvious reductions in the absorption and enhancements in the intensity of the photoluminescence spectra are observed.

LncRNA LOXL1-AS1 promotes proliferation and invasion and inhibits apoptosis in retinoblastoma by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway.

Retinoblastoma (RB) is an intraocular malignancy that is most common in children and rare in adults. Addressing novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for RB to modulate tumor progression has become a challenge. The aim of the present study was to investigate the function of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) LOXL1-AS1 in RB cell proliferation and metastasis.