Neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in high altitude natives with resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Tibet.

Backgroud: Neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery has been proved to improve the survival of patients with ESCC, and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is the standard of care in most areas of the world. However, multimodality therapy including radiation therapy is actually limited in the current treatment of esophageal cancer in Tibet. The role of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in resectable esophageal cancer has been assessed in multiple phase II clinical trials, but there's lack of evidence of applying neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in Tibetan residents.

Patient-Derived Tumor Organoids Combined with Function-Associated ScRNA-Seq for Dissecting the Local Immune Response of Lung Cancer.

In vitro models coupled with multimodal approaches are needed to dissect the dynamic response of local tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) to immunotherapy. Here the patient-derived primary lung cancer organoids (pLCOs) are generated by isolating tumor cell clusters, including the infiltrated immune cells. A function-associated single-cell RNA sequencing (FascRNA-seq) platform allowing both phenotypic evaluation and scRNA-seq at single-organoid level is developed to dissect the TIME of individual pLCOs.

Application of Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor-Targeted Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Near-Infrared II Dual-Modal Probe in Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Surgical Resection.

There has been an increase in the use of molecular probe diagnostic techniques for lung cancer, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers specific advantages for diagnosing pulmonary carcinoma. Furthermore, advancements in near-infrared II (NIR-II) fluorescence have provided a new method for precise intraoperative tumor resection. However, few probes combine preoperative diagnosis with intraoperative imaging.

AI-based chest CT semantic segmentation algorithm enables semi-automated lung cancer surgery planning by recognizing anatomical variants of pulmonary vessels.

Background: The recognition of anatomical variants is essential in preoperative planning for lung cancer surgery. Although three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction provided an intuitive demonstration of the anatomical structure, the recognition process remains fully manual. To render a semiautomated approach for surgery planning, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-based chest CT semantic segmentation algorithm that recognizes pulmonary vessels on lobular or segmental levels.

A fully automated noncontrast CT 3-D reconstruction algorithm enabled accurate anatomical demonstration for lung segmentectomy.

Background: Three-dimensional reconstruction of chest computerized tomography (CT) excels in intuitively demonstrating anatomical patterns for pulmonary segmentectomy. However, current methods are labor-intensive and rely on contrast CT. We hereby present a novel fully automated reconstruction algorithm based on noncontrast CT and assess its performance both independently and in combination with surgeons.

Segmentectomy and Wedge Resection for Elderly Patients with Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Considerable controversies exist regarding the efficacies of segmentectomy and wedge resection for elderly patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to solve these issues.

Methods: We searched the online databases PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to identify eligible studies.

Escalated grades of complications correlate with incremental costs of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery major lung resection for lung cancer in China.

Objective: Few studies have focused on factors associated with the incremental cost of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in China. We aim to systematically classify the complications after VATS major lung resection and explore their correlation with hospital costs.

Methods: Patients with pathologically stage I-III lung cancer who underwent VATS major lung resections from January 2007 to December 2018 were included.

Different pathologic types of early stage lung adenocarcinoma have different post-operative recurrence patterns.

Objectives: To accurately describe the pattern, timing and predictors of disease recurrence after curative resection for different types of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: A total of 1962 patients with early-stage LUAD were included. The presence of micropapillary, solid components or poorly differentiated cancer as a clinical variable was named "high-grade" adenocarcinoma (HGADC), while others were classified as "low-grade" adenocarcinoma (LGADC).

Lung cancer organoids analyzed on microwell arrays predict drug responses of patients within a week.

While the potential of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) to predict patients' responses to anti-cancer treatments has been well recognized, the lengthy time and the low efficiency in establishing PDOs hamper the implementation of PDO-based drug sensitivity tests in clinics. We first adapt a mechanical sample processing method to generate lung cancer organoids (LCOs) from surgically resected and biopsy tumor tissues. The LCOs recapitulate the histological and genetic features of the parental tumors and have the potential to expand indefinitely.

Simultaneous preoperative computed tomography-guided microcoil localizations of multiple pulmonary nodules.

Objectives: To evaluate retrospectively the feasibility and safety of simultaneous multiple microcoil localizations of multiple pulmonary nodules prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled 288 consecutive patients, who underwent computed tomography (CT)-guided microcoil localization and subsequent VATS at our academic hospital between July 2017 and June 2018. Of these patients, 36 with 79 pulmonary nodules undergoing simultaneous multiple microcoil localizations in the ipsilateral lung were designated the multiple localization group; the remaining 252 with 252 pulmonary nodules undergoing single microcoil localization were designated the single localization group.

Survival Benefit and Genetic Profile of Pemetrexed as Initial Chemotherapy in Selected Chinese Patients With Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma.

This study investigated survival in selected Chinese patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma who received initial chemotherapy with pemetrexed. We also explored the relationship between genetic biomarkers and pemetrexed efficacy. We retrospectively collected patients ( = 1,047) enrolled in the Chinese Patient Assistance Program from multiple centers who received pemetrexed alone or combined with platinum as initial chemotherapy and continued pemetrexed maintenance therapy for advanced lung adenocarcinoma from November 2014 to June 2017.

Comparative study on preoperative localization techniques using microcoil and hookwire by propensity score matching.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of two preoperative pulmonary nodule localization techniques using microcoil and hookwire.

Methods: A total of 307 patients with 324 pulmonary nodules were included in the study from March 2012 to October 2016 in two medical centers. Baseline data, positioning operation data, success rate, complications, surgery and pathological results were statistically analyzed.

A Proposal to Reflect Survival Difference and Modify the Staging System for Lung Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Based on the Machine Learning.

To propose modifications to refine prognostication over anatomic extent of the current tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) staging system of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for a better distinction, and reflect survival differences of lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Three large cohorts were included in this study. The training cohort consisted of 124,788 patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2006-2015).

Propensity-matched analysis of adjuvant chemotherapy for completely resected Stage IB non-small-cell lung cancer patients.

Background: The use of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in completely resected stage IB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still controversial. The divergent outcomes of prospective trials have created uncertainty as to the utility of ACT in stage IB NSCLC. This study assesses the effect of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in stage IB patients in clinical practice.

Is video-assisted thoracoscopy a sufficient approach for mediastinal lymph node dissection to treat lung cancer after neoadjuvant therapy?

Background: The role of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in mediastinal lymph node dissection (MLND) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following neoadjuvant therapy remains controversial. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the sufficiency of VATS by evaluating perioperative and long-term outcomes.

Methods: Patients with locally advanced NSCLC and treated with radical surgery after neoadjuvant therapy were identified in our database.

Primary tumour resection in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with ipsilateral pleural dissemination (M1a): a population-based study.

Objectives: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with ipsilateral pleural dissemination (M1a) are generally contraindicated for surgery. However, several small-sample studies have demonstrated that they might benefit from surgery. We investigated the effects of primary tumour resection on survival in these patients.

Effects of primary tumor resection on the survival of patients with stage IV extrathoracic metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: A population-based study.

Background: Selected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with extrathoracic metastases might benefit from surgical intervention; however, the evidence is limited. We investigated the benefit of surgery in these patients regarding the extent of the metastatic disease.

Methods: Patients with extrathoracic metastatic NSCLC were identified in the US National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2010-2015).

Analysis of factors affecting successful microcoil localization for pulmonary nodules.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting successful microcoil localization for subsequent thoracoscopic resection of pulmonary small nodules and ground-glass nodules. Microcoil has been useful for preoperative localization. Nevertheless, microcoil may dislocate before video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

Validation of the Stage Groupings in the Eighth Edition of the TNM Classification for Lung Cancer.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to validate stage groupings in the eighth edition of the TNM classification in an independent Chinese cohort.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 3599 patients with pathological stage IA to IIIA (seventh edition of the TNM) NSCLC who underwent surgical treatment in two surgical centers in the People's Republic of China between 2005 and 2012. All patients were reclassified according to the eighth edition of the TNM classification.

Identifying patients at higher risk of pneumonia after lung resection.

Background: Pneumonia is considered as one of the most common and serious complications after lung resection. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with postoperative pneumonia (POP) after lung resection and to develop a scoring system to stratify patients with increased risk of POP.

Methods: A retrospective review of a prospective database of patients between September 2014 and June 2016 was carried out.

Validation of the Eighth Edition of the TNM Staging System for Lung Cancer in 2043 Surgically Treated Patients With Non-small-cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer has proposed a revision of the Tumor, Node, Metastasis (TNM) classification for lung cancer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of the eighth edition of the TNM staging system in surgically treated patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

Methods: Data from 2043 consecutive patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who underwent surgical treatment in our single center between January 2006 and September 2015 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.

Nomograms for predicting recurrence and survival of invasive pathological stage IA non-small cell lung cancer treated by video assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy.

Background: A considerable portion of pathological stage (p-stage) IA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients suffered from death and recurrence after video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy. The purpose of our study was to develop nomograms to predict which subgroup patients were more likely to suffer from recurrence or death.

Methods: Data of invasive p-stage IA NSCLC patients who underwent VATS lobectomy at Peking University People's Hospital from September 2006 to April 2014 were analyzed.

Sublobar resection versus lobectomy in Surgical Treatment of Elderly Patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (STEPS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The appropriateness of lobectomy for all elderly patients is controversial. Meanwhile, sublobar resection is associated with reduced operative risk, better preservation of pulmonary function, and a better quality of life, constituting a potential alternative to standard lobectomy for elderly patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To date, no randomized trial comparing sublobar resection and lobectomy focusing on elderly patients has been reported.

The management of doornail lymph node in lobectomy.

Background: The management of heavily adhesion caused by enlarged or calcified lymph nodes is long been one of the most common difficulties in lobectomy. Some of the lymph nodes, known as "the doornail lymph node", develop such massive adhesions that it significantly elevated the risk of uncontrollable bleeding and consequent conversion.

Methods: We performed a triple portal video-assisted thoracic surgery procedure.