Structurally Oriented Carbon Dots as ROS Nanomodulators for Dynamic Chronic Inflammation and Infection Elimination.

The selective elimination of cytotoxic ROS while retaining essential ones is pivotal in the management of chronic inflammation. Co-occurring bacterial infection further complicates the conditions, necessitating precision and an efficacious treatment strategy. Herein, the dynamic ROS nanomodulators are rationally constructed through regulating the surface states of herbal carbon dots (CDs) for on-demand inflammation or infection elimination.

Role of Aliphatic Chain Characteristics on the Anti-Cracking Properties of Polymer-Modified Asphalt at Low Temperatures.

The anti-cracking properties of polymer-modified asphalt depend largely on the molecular structure of the polymer modifier. However, the mysterious structure-performance relationship is still elusive. In this paper, three kinds of polymers with different chain structures were selected to address this issue.

Gadd45a is a heterochromatin relaxer that enhances iPS cell generation.

Reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells rewrites the code of cell fate at the chromatin level. Yet, little is known about this process physically. Here, we describe a fluorescence recovery after photobleaching method to assess the dynamics of heterochromatin/euchromatin and show significant heterochromatin loosening at the initial stage of reprogramming.

Srebp-1 Interacts with c-Myc to Enhance Somatic Cell Reprogramming.

Somatic cell reprogramming is accompanied by changes in lipid metabolism. While attempting to dissect the molecular mechanisms of the lipid metabolic switch during reprogramming, we found that overexpression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (Srebp-1), a transcriptional factor required for lipid homeostasis, enhances reprogramming efficiency, while knockdown or pharmaceutical inhibition of Srebp-1 is inhibitory. Srebp-1 overexpression blocks the formation of partially reprogrammed cells, and functions in the early phase of reprogramming.

Mitochondrial metabolism transition cooperates with nuclear reprogramming during induced pluripotent stem cell generation.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold great clinical potential for regenerative medicine. Much work has been done to investigate the mechanisms of their generation, focusing on the cell nucleus. However, the roles of specific organelles and in particular mitochondria in the potential mechanisms of nuclear reprogramming remain unclear.