Temporary sensory separation of lamb groups from ewes affects behaviors and serum levels of stress-related indicators of small-tailed Han lambs.

Under the current meat sheep breeding system, newborn lambs usually live with their mothers until weaning, and in daily management, they often need to be separated from their ewes for a short period due to dehorning, disease treatment, etc. Such short-term separation was considered to be a high-intensity stress for the lambs. This study aimed to explore the effects of 1 h sensory separations on behaviors and the concentration of stress-related indicators of small-tailed Han lambs.

Oleic Acid Promotes the Biosynthesis of 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic Acid via Species-Selective Remodeling of TAGs in .

This study aimed to assess the impact of oleic acid (OA) supplementation on the biosynthesis of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) in . In experiment 1, varying concentrations of OA (2%, 4%, 6% and 8%) were added to an artificial diet for newly emerged bees reared in cages. Analysis of 10-HDA content and gene expression in the mandibular gland (MG) revealed that the 8% OA treatment had the greatest impact on promoting the synthesis of 10-HDA.

Glucose metabolism enhancement by 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in high-fat-diet/streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic mice.

10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) is a principal active ingredients of royal jelly. Several recent studies demonstrated that 10-HDA has potential anti-type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) properties. To evaluate the anti-T2DM effect of 10-HDA and explore its underlying molecular mechanisms, we used high fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection to establish a diabetes model.

Activation of STIM1/Orai1‑mediated SOCE in sepsis‑induced myocardial depression.

Unbalanced Ca2 homeostasis serves an essential role in the occurrence and development of septic myocardial injury. However, the mechanism of Ca2 homeostasis in septic myocardial depression is poorly understood due to the complexity of Ca2 transporters in excitable cells. It was therefore hypothesized that cardiac dysfunction, myocardial injury and cardiac apoptosis in septic myocardial depression are associated with elevated intracellular Ca2 concentrations caused by stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1)/Orai calcium release‑activated calcium modulator 1 (Orai1)‑mediated store‑operated Ca2 entry (SOCE).

Selenium-rich royal jelly inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma through PI3K/AKT and VEGF pathways in H22 tumor-bearing mice.

Royal jelly (RJ) and selenium (Se)-rich foods have well-known health benefits that are attributable to a broad range of pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-tumor, and immunoregulatory activities. However, the physiological effects of Se-rich RJ, which is produced by feeding (Hymenoptera: Apidae) sodium selenite sucrose solution, are not well understood. The anti-hepatoma activity and mechanism of Se-rich RJ in H22 tumor-bearing mice were investigated in the current study.

Non-targeted lipidomics and transcriptomics analysis reveal the molecular underpinnings of mandibular gland development in Apis mellifera ligustica.

The mandibular gland is an important exocrine gland of worker bees, which mainly secretes fatty acids and pheromones. Lipids have important roles in energy storage, membrane structure stabilization, and signaling. However, molecular underpinnings of mandibular gland development and lipid remodeling at the different physiological stages of worker bees is still lacking.

Effects of Dietary Energy Level on Performance, Plasma Parameters, and Central AMPK Levels in Stressed Broilers.

This study aimed to characterize the effects of diets with different energy levels on the growth performance, plasma parameters, and central AMPK signaling pathway in broilers under dexamethasone (DEX)-induced stress. A total of 216 1-day-old male broiler chickens were allocated to groups fed with high (HED), National Research Council-recommended (control), or low (LED) energy diets. At 10 days old, chickens were treated with or without dexamethasone (DEX, 2 mg/kg body weight) for 3 consecutive days.

The AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway is involved in regulation of food intake in the hypothalamus of stressed chickens.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) can stimulate the appetite and AMPK in broilers. The activation of hypothalamic mTOR has been proposed as an important anorexigenic signal. However, inhibitory effect of AMPK activity on appetite and AMPK downstream signaling pathway under stress has not been reported.

Association of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor rs6265 G>A polymorphism and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder susceptibility: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Previous studies have shown that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) rs6265 G > A polymorphism is closely related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) risk. However, the results were not consistent. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to explore the underlying relationships between BDNF rs6265 G > A polymorphism and PTSD risk.

The mixed application of organic and inorganic selenium shows better effects on incubation and progeny parameters.

This experiment aims to study the effects of dietary selenium (Se) sources on the production performance, reproductive performance, and maternal effect of breeder laying hens. A total of 2,112 Hyline brown breeder laying hens of 42 wk of age were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups, with 8 repeats in each group and 88 chickens per repeat. The sources of dietary Se were sodium selenite (SS, added at 0.

Effects of dietary corticosterone on the central adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway in broiler chickens.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) induce the activation of the central adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway in birds. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of corticosterone (CORT) supplemented in diet on the central AMPK signaling pathway in broilers. The average daily gain was reduced by CORT treatment, and the average daily feed intake remained unchanged.

Effects of dietary energy level on appetite and central adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in broilers.

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) acts as a sensor of cellular energy changes and is involved in the control of food intake. A total of 216 1-d-old broilers were randomly allotted into 3 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 12 broilers in each cage. The dietary treatments included 1) high-energy (HE) diet (3,500 kcal/kg), 2) normal-energy (NE) diet (3,200 kcal/kg), and 3) low-energy (LE) diet (2,900 kcal/kg).

Gas6 attenuates lipopolysaccharide‑induced TNF‑α expression and apoptosis in H9C2 cells through NF‑κB and MAPK inhibition via the Axl/PI3K/Akt pathway.

Therapeutic agents used to treat sepsis‑induced cardiac dysfunction are designed to suppress tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α release and inhibit cell apoptosis. Exogenous administration of growth arrest‑specific 6 (Gas6) exerts several biological and pharmacological effects; however, the role of Gas6 in sepsis‑induced myocardial dysfunction remains unclear. In this study, H9C2 cardiomyocytes were stimulated with LPS (10 µg/ml) to mimic septic cardiac dysfunction and Gas6 (100 ng/ml) was applied exogenously.

Effects of glucocorticoids on lipid metabolism and AMPK in broiler chickens' liver.

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism in animals. In this study, we examined whether any cross talk exists between glucocorticoids and AMPK in the regulation of the liver bile acid biosynthesis pathway. Dexamethasone treatment decreased the growth performance of broiler chickens.

Effect of Zinc on Appetite Regulatory Peptides in the Hypothalamus of Salmonella-Challenged Broiler Chickens.

The effects of dietary Zinc (Zn) supplementation on the gene expression of appetite regulatory peptides were investigated in Salmonella-infected broiler chickens. Broiler chickens (Arbor Acres, 1 day old) were allocated randomly into 24 pens of 10 birds. The chickens from 12 pens were fed with basal diet and the other with basal diet supplemented with Zn (ZnSO4·H2O, 120 mg/kg).

Effects of feed deprivation on the AMPK signaling pathway in skeletal muscle of broiler chickens.

The 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a key role in rapid metabolic adaptations to maintain energy homeostasis in poultry. It remains unclear if AMPK is involved in muscular energy metabolism in broiler chickens. Hence, in the present study, seven-day-old male broilers were equally divided into three groups: fed ad libitum (control); feed-deprived for 24h (S24); feed-deprived for 24h and then refed for 24h (S24R24).