Pathogenic features and clinical characteristics of acute community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections.

Objective: To investigate the pathogen distribution and clinical characteristics of acute community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections (CALRTIs).

Methods: This was a retrospective study. The clinical data of 218 patients with CALRTIs admitted to Baoding No.

Exhaled breath analysis for the discrimination of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are the most common chronic respiratory diseases. In middle-aged and elderly patients, it is difficult to distinguish between COPD and asthma based on clinical symptoms and pulmonary function examinations in clinical practice. Thus, an accurate and reliable inspection method is required.

Interleukin-37 relieves PM2.5-triggered lung injury by inhibiting autophagy through the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.

Autophagy mediates PM2.5-related lung injury (LI) and is tightly linked to inflammation and apoptosis processes. IL-37 has been demonstrated to regulate autophagy.

Ambient fine particulate matter and allergic symptoms in the middle-aged and elderly population: results from the PIFCOPD study.

Background: The associations between short- and long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM) and allergic symptoms in middle-aged and elderly populations remain unclear, particularly in China, where most cities have severe air pollution.

Methods: Participants (n = 10,142; age = 40-75 years) were recruited from ten regions in China from 2018 to 2021 for the Predictive Value of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s (FEV) for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (PIFCOPD) study.

Toosendanin Restrains Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting ZEB1/CTBP1 Interaction.

Background: Extensive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is due to hyperactivation and proliferation of pulmonary fibroblasts. However, the exact mechanism is not clear.

Objective: This study focused on the role of CTBP1 in lung fibroblast function, elaborated its regulation mechanism, and analyzed the relationship between CTBP1 and ZEB1.

Irisin attenuates fine particulate matter induced acute lung injury by regulating Nod2/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Air pollution consisting of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can induce or aggravate pulmonary inflammatory injury. Irisin has been shown to inhibit inflammation and help to protect against acute kidney, lung or brain injury.

Irisin Ameliorates PM2.5-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Regulation of Autophagy Through AMPK/mTOR Pathway.

Background: PM2.5 exposure is one of the major inducements of various respiratory diseases and related mortality. Meanwhile, irisin, a metabolism and thermogenesis-related hormone, is found to be protective against acute lung injury induced by LPS, which indicates its therapeutic function in lung injury.

PM2.5 activated NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β release in MH-S cells by facilitating autophagy via activating Wnt5a.

Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5)-induced pulmonary inflammation is an important issue worldwide.

Effectiveness of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule in Treatment of Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients: A Randomized, Controlled Multicenter Trial.

Asymptomatic patients are unneglected sources in propagating transmission chain due to their high viral loads. However, treatments available based on symptoms seem not applicable to asymptomatic patients. In this study, the authors want to estimate the effectiveness of Lianhua Qingwen (LH) capsule on asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

MiR-217-5p inhibits smog (PM2.5)-induced inflammation and oxidative stress response of mouse lung tissues and macrophages through targeting STAT1.

Objective: To explore the roles of macrophages' miR-217-5p in the process of PM2.5 induced acute lung injury.

Methods: GEO database and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis as well as GSEA were used to predicted the miRNA and associated target signals.

Establishment of two canine models of benign airway stenosis and the effect of mitomycin C on airway stenosis.

Objectives: Cuffed endotracheal intubation and stent implantation were employed to simulate two types of benign airway stenosis and further to analysis the different features between them from trachecscopic characteristics, gross anatomy to histopathological changes. In addition, our study explored the therapeutic effect of mitomycin C at different concentrations on granulation tissue caused by stent implantation in order to provide a new therapeutic strategy for clinical treatment of benign airway stenosis.

Methods: Twelve beagle dogs were randomly divided into four groups, with three dogs in each group.

Efficacy and Safety of Lianhua Qingke Tablets in the Treatment of Mild and Common-Type COVID-19: A Randomized, Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Study.

Background: Lianhua Qingke (LH) tablets is an effective traditional Chinese medicine against various viral infections, especially in relieving coughing. However, its effects on COVID-19 are unknown.

Methods: To examine the therapeutic effectiveness of LH tablets in COVID-19 patients with mild and common types, a randomized, multicenter, controlled study was carried out.

High concentration of hydrogen ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in a sirt1-dependent manner.

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and underlying mechanism of high concentration of hydrogen on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). We have established a corresponding mouse model and examined the function of hydrogen inhalation on lung pathology and pulmonary edema induced by LPS, as well as contents of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-8. The pulmonary microvascular permeability and 66.

Interleukin-37 inhibits inflammation activation and disease severity of PM2.5-induced airway hyperresponsiveness.

We have shown in the past studies that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure increases airway hyperresponsiveness and leads to lung inflammation damage. Interleukin (IL)-37 plays a inhibitory role in inflammation activation and maintenance.

Novel insights into the role of BRD4 in fine particulate matter induced airway hyperresponsiveness.

Epidemiological research has identified that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can increase airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) which is considered a typical characteristic of asthma. Although the effect of PM2.

Combined predictive performance of age and neutrophilic percentage on admission for severe novel coronavirus disease 2019.

Background: Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a huge threat to the global public health. This study aimed to identify predictive indicators of severe COVID-19.

Methods: We retrospectively collected clinical data on hospital admission of all patients with severe COVID-19 and a control cohort (1:1) of gender- and hospital-matched patients with mild disease from 13 designated hospitals in the Hebei Province between 22 January and 15 April 2020.

Application of next generation sequencing-based rapid detection platform for microbiological diagnosis and drug resistance prediction in acute lower respiratory infection.

Background: Acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) have a high mortality rate. We aimed to apply a platform that rapidly detects 36 microorganisms and 49 antibiotic resistance markers in the clinical diagnosis of ALRI and drug resistance prediction.

Methods: Multicenter collection of clinical samples from patients with ALRIs was carried out from 2017 to 2018.

Airway hyperresponsiveness development and the toxicity of PM2.5.

Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is characterized by excessive bronchoconstriction in response to nonspecific stimuli, thereby leading to airway stenosis and increased airway resistance. AHR is recognized as a key characteristic of asthma and is associated with significant morbidity. At present, many studies on the molecular mechanisms of AHR have mainly focused on the imbalance in Th1/Th2 cell function and the abnormal contraction of airway smooth muscle cells.

MicroRNA-206, IL-4, IL-13, and INF-γ levels in lung tissue and plasma are increased by the stimulation of particulate matter with a diameter of ≤2.5μm, and are associated with the poor prognosis of asthma induced pulmonary arterial hypertension patients.

Background: This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of particulate matter with a diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5)-related microRNA-206 combined with interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13 and interferon-γ (INF-γ) in asthma induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

Antagonism of interleukin 17 protects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rat lungs from adverse effects of environmental PM.

Severe air pollution has raised concerns about the adverse effects of particulate matters 2.5 μm in size (PM) on human health. However, the mechanisms elucidating how PM affects lungs, especially in COPD, remain unclear.

Clinical characteristics and treatment of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Hebei.

Background: In December, 2019, a novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China. We aimed to clarify the epidemiology, laboratory examinations, imaging findings, and treatment of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Hebei province, China.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the demographic, laboratory and imaging, and treatment data of patients with severe COVID-19 treated in 13 designated hospitals in Hebei were collected and analyzed.

Myricetin ameliorates sepsis-associated acute lung injury in a murine sepsis model.

Myricetin belongs to the flavonoid family which is derived from plant source. It is well-known for the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties yet the clinical use of myricetin awaits further discovery. Acute lung injury (ALI) is commonly caused by sepsis which leads to enormous burden with high morbidity and mortality.

Ghrelin ameliorates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-associated infllammation and autophagy.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and devastating condition characterized by poor airflow and breath. Smoking and other environmental factors-caused inflammations triggered excessive autophagy of normal lung epithelial cells, eventually leading to impaired lung functions. Previous studies showed that ghrelin exhibited beneficial effects on patients with COPD.

Efficacy and safety of omalizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma: An analytic comparison of data from randomized controlled trials between Chinese and Caucasians.

Background: Omalizumab has > 15 years of real-world evidence of effectiveness in Caucasian patients. In August 2017, it was approved as an add-on therapy for the management of moderate-to-severe asthma in China.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of omalizumab in Chinese and Caucasian patients.

Fine particulate matter increases airway hyperresponsiveness through kallikrein-bradykinin pathway.

Epidemiological studies have reported short-term fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure to increase incidence of asthma, related to the increase of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR); however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Aim of this study was to elucidate the role of kallikrein in PM2.