High-Level Production of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide by Engineered .

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a key precursor of NAD, is a promising nutraceutical due to its excellent efficacy in alleviating aging and disease. The bioproduction of NMN faces challenges related to incomplete metabolic engineering and insufficient metabolic flux. Here, we constructed an NMN synthesis pathway in BW25113 by deleting the competitive pathway genes and introducing three heterologous genes encoding the key enzymes nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase and an NMN transporter.

Integration of single-cell sequencing and drug sensitivity profiling reveals an 11-gene prognostic model for liver cancer.

Background: Liver cancer has a high global incidence, particularly in East Asia. Early detection difficulties lead to poor prognosis. Single-cell sequencing precisely identifies gene expression differences in specific cell types, making it valuable in tumor microenvironment research and immune drug development.

Supramolecular Self-Assembled Hydrogel for Antiviral Therapy through Glycyrrhizic Acid-Enhanced Zinc Absorption and Intracellular Accumulation.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common pathogen that causes respiratory infections in infants and children worldwide, significantly impacting hospitalization rates in this age group. Zinc ions are considered to have broad-spectrum antiviral potential against RNA viruses, including RSV. However, poor organism absorption and low intracellular accumulation of zinc require repeated high-dose supplementation, which may lead to unnecessary toxic side effects.

The FXR1 network acts as a signaling scaffold for actomyosin remodeling.

It is currently not known whether mRNAs fulfill structural roles in the cytoplasm. Here, we report the fragile X-related protein 1 (FXR1) network, an mRNA-protein (mRNP) network present throughout the cytoplasm, formed by FXR1-mediated packaging of exceptionally long mRNAs. These mRNAs serve as an underlying condensate scaffold and concentrate FXR1 molecules.

Phage therapy combats pan drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection safely and efficiently.

Phage therapy offers a promising approach to combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. Yet, key questions remain regarding dosage, administration routes, combination therapy, and the causes of therapeutic failure. In this study, we focused on a novel lytic phage, ФAb4B, which specifically targeted the Acinetobacter baumannii strains with KL160 capsular polysaccharide, including the pan-drug resistant A.

Engineered endolysin of phage is a potent and broad-spectrum bactericidal agent against "ESKAPEE" pathogens.

The rise of antimicrobial resistance in ESKAPEE pathogens poses significant clinical challenges, especially in polymicrobial infections. Bacteriophage-derived endolysins offer promise in combating this crisis, but face practical hurdles. Our study focuses on engineering endolysins from a phage, fusing them with ApoE23 and COG133 peptides.

ApoE Mimetic Peptide COG1410 Kills via Directly Interfering ClpC's ATPase Activity.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) hold promise as alternatives to combat bacterial infections, addressing the urgent global threat of antibiotic resistance. COG1410, a synthetic peptide derived from apolipoprotein E, has exhibited potent antimicrobial properties against various bacterial strains, including . However, our study reveals a previously unknown resistance mechanism developed by against COG1410 involving ClpC.

Effect of deep learning image reconstruction with high-definition standard scan mode on image quality of coronary stents and arteries.

Background: The high-definition standard (HD-standard) scan mode has been proven to display stents better than the standard (STND) scan mode but with more image noise. Deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) is capable of reducing image noise. This study examined the impact of HD-standard scan mode with DLIR algorithms on stent and coronary artery image quality in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) via a comparison with conventional STND scan mode and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-Veo (ASIR-V) algorithms.

Subcytoplasmic location of translation controls protein output.

The cytoplasm is highly compartmentalized, but the extent and consequences of subcytoplasmic mRNA localization in non-polarized cells are largely unknown. We determined mRNA enrichment in TIS granules (TGs) and the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through particle sorting and isolated cytosolic mRNAs by digitonin extraction. When focusing on genes that encode non-membrane proteins, we observed that 52% have transcripts enriched in specific compartments.

The FXR1 network acts as signaling scaffold for actomyosin remodeling.

It is currently not known whether mRNAs fulfill structural roles in the cytoplasm. Here, we report the FXR1 network, an mRNA-protein (mRNP) network present throughout the cytoplasm, formed by FXR1-mediated packaging of exceptionally long mRNAs. These mRNAs serve as underlying condensate scaffold and concentrate FXR1 molecules.

The relationship between COVID-19, depressive disorder, and anxiety: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous clinical studies have found that negative mental states such as depression and anxiety are closely related to COVID-19 infection. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the relationship between depression, anxiety, and COVID-19 infection.

Methods: Our data were based on publicly available GWAS databases.

Decoding spatiotemporal dynamics in atmospheric CO in Chinese cities: Insights from satellite remote sensing and geographically and temporally weighted regression analysis.

Understanding the primary factors influencing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO) dynamics is essential for addressing global climate change. However, these factors' spatial and temporal impact is seldom considered in the extant literature. This study employs a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) to examine the magnitude and direction of the effects that human activities, ecological conditions, and meteorological parameters exert on atmospheric CO variations.

Evolutionary game model based on cumulative prospect theory for information management mechanism in SIoT.

As nodes in Social Internet of Things (SIoT) become more intelligent, malicious information occurs more frequently and spreads more widely. This problem can severely affect the trustworthiness of services and applications in SIoT. Methods to effectively control malicious information spreading in SIoT are essential and necessary.

High-level production of Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase from agricultural residue and its application in beer brewing.

Background: Prolyl endopeptidase from Aspergillus niger (AN-PEP) is a prominent serine proteinase with various potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. However, the availability of efficient and low-cost AN-PEP remains a challenge owing to its low yield and high fermentation cost.

Results: Here, AN-PEP was recombinantly expressed in Trichoderma reesei (rAN-PEP) under the control of the cbh1 promoter and its secretion signal.

The motor domain of the kinesin Kip2 promotes microtubule polymerization at microtubule tips.

Kinesins are microtubule-dependent motor proteins, some of which moonlight as microtubule polymerases, such as the yeast protein Kip2. Here, we show that the CLIP-170 ortholog Bik1 stabilizes Kip2 at microtubule ends where the motor domain of Kip2 promotes microtubule polymerization. Live-cell imaging and mathematical estimation of Kip2 dynamics reveal that disrupting the Kip2-Bik1 interaction aborts Kip2 dwelling at microtubule ends and abrogates its microtubule polymerization activity.

Solvent-induced proteome profiling for proteomic quantitation and target discovery of small molecular drugs.

Target identification by modification-free proteomic approaches can potentially reveal the pharmacological mechanism of small molecular compounds. By combining the recent solvent-induced protein precipitation (SIP) method with TMT-labeling quantitative proteomics, we propose solvent-induced proteome profiling (SIPP) approach to identify small molecule-protein interactions. The SIPP approach enables to depict denaturation curves of the target protein by varying concentrations of organic solvents to induce unfolding and precipitation of the cellular proteome.

MeCIPK10 regulates the transition of the K transport activity of MeAKT2 between low- and high-affinity molds in cassava.

AKT1 is an inward-rectifying K channel that was originally thought to function only within a low-affinity K concentration range. However, the growth of an akt1 mutant of Arabidopsis was shown to be severely inhibited within a high-affinity range. This suggested that AKT1 may also be a high-affinity K transporter, but it remains unclear how the two modes of AKT1 coordinate to uptake K.

Functional analysis of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene and its binding transcription factor PcWRKY44 in regulating biosynthesis of patchouli alcohol.

Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) plays an important role in the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites, but its function and molecular regulation mechanism remain unclear in . In this study, the full-length cDNA of the FPP synthase gene from () was cloned and characterized. The expressions of are different among different tissues (highly in flowers).

Redistribution of adipose tissue is associated with left atrial remodeling and dysfunction in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Objective: Adipose tissue is recognized as a crucial regulator of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the effect of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) on the pathophysiology of AF might be different from that of other adipose tissues. The purpose of this study was to explore the distribution features of different adipose tissues in AF patients and their relationships with left atrial (LA) remodeling and function.

Efficacy and safety of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for the treatment of infant bronchiolitis: A systematic review, meta-analysis and GRADE evaluation.

Background: Infant bronchiolitis has a high death rate in severe cases. In China, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is commonly used to treat infant bronchiolitis. However, it has not received enough international attention.

PatDREB Transcription Factor Activates Patchoulol Synthase Gene Promoter and Positively Regulates Jasmonate-Induced Patchoulol Biosynthesis.

The production of patchoulol in the patchouli () plant determines its application value, as it is the principal active sesquiterpene of essential oil extracted from this plant. Here, the promoter of patchoulol synthase gene () was isolated and found to be methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-induced. A nucleus-localized AP2/ERF transcription factor PatDREB was identified as a transcription activator binding to , regulating patchoulol biosynthesis through modulating the gene expression.

Toward more efficient ergothioneine production using the fungal ergothioneine biosynthetic pathway.

Background: Ergothioneine (ERG) is a potent histidine-derived antioxidant that confers health-promoting effects. Only certain bacteria and fungi can biosynthesize ERG, but the ERG productivity in natural producers is low. ERG overproduction through genetic engineering represents an efficient and cost-effective manufacturing strategy.

Overcoming - and -selectivity in C-H methylation of 1-naphthaldehydes by a tunable transient ligand strategy.

Methyl groups widely exist in bioactive molecules, and site-specific methylation has become a valuable strategy for their structural functionalization. Aiming to introduce this smallest alkyl handle, a highly regioselective - and -C-H methylation of 1-naphthaldehyde by using a transient ligand strategy has been developed. A series of methyl-substituted naphthalene frameworks have been prepared in moderate to excellent yields.

Clinical Application Value of Multimedia Education and Nursing Intervention in a Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography.

To explore the application value of multimedia education and nursing intervention in a coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). A total of 120 patients who underwent a 256-slice spiral CCTA examination in our hospital from April 2019 to April 2020 were selected. Patients were divided into two groups of 60 patients each, that is, the control group and the observation group, using a random number table method.

A working model for condensate RNA-binding proteins as matchmakers for protein complex assembly.

Most cellular processes are carried out by protein complexes, but it is still largely unknown how the subunits of lowly expressed complexes find each other in the crowded cellular environment. Here, we will describe a working model where RNA-binding proteins in cytoplasmic condensates act as matchmakers between their bound proteins (called protein targets) and newly translated proteins of their RNA targets to promote their assembly into complexes. Different RNA-binding proteins act as scaffolds for various cytoplasmic condensates with several of them supporting translation.