Computer-Aided High Tibial Osteotomy-A Comparative Study of Commonly Used 3D Printing Technology and Navigation Application.

Background: High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a surgical procedure for treating certain knee conditions. Proper execution of HTO can preserve joint function and delay or avoid the need for total knee replacement. This study compared different 3D printing techniques (fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering, and direct metal laser sintering) and a navigation system for their suitability in assisting HTO surgeries.

Application of image recognition-based tracker-less augmented reality navigation system in a series of sawbone trials.

Background: This study introduced an Augmented Reality (AR) navigation system to address limitations in conventional high tibial osteotomy (HTO). The objective was to enhance precision and efficiency in HTO procedures, overcoming challenges such as inconsistent postoperative alignment and potential neurovascular damage.

Methods: The AR-MR (Mixed Reality) navigation system, comprising HoloLens, Unity Engine, and Vuforia software, was employed for pre-clinical trials using tibial sawbone models.

Mathematical modeling and application of IL-1β/TNF signaling pathway in regulating chondrocyte apoptosis.

Mathematical model can be used to model complex biological processes, and have shown potential in describing apoptosis in chondrocytes. In order to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of TNF signaling pathway in regulating chondrocyte apoptosis, a fractional-order differential equation model is proposed to describe the dynamic behavior and mutual interaction of apoptosis-related genes under the activation of TNF signaling pathway. Compared with the traditional molecular biology techniques, the proposed mathematical modeling has advantages to providing a more comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of TNF signaling pathway in chondrocyte apoptosis.

Promoting postoperative recovery in patients with metastatic epidural spinal cord compression based on the concept of ERAS: a multicenter analysis of 304 patients.

Background Context: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has proven beneficial for patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. However, the application of ERAS in the context of metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) remains undefined.

Purpose: This study aims to establish a medical pathway rooted in the ERAS concept, with the ultimate goal of scrutinizing its efficacy in enhancing postoperative outcomes among patients suffering from MESCC.

A Web-Based Calculator to Predict Early Death Among Patients With Bone Metastasis Using Machine Learning Techniques: Development and Validation Study.

Background: Patients with bone metastasis often experience a significantly limited survival time, and a life expectancy of <3 months is generally regarded as a contraindication for extensive invasive surgeries. In this context, the accurate prediction of survival becomes very important since it serves as a crucial guide in making clinical decisions.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a machine learning-based web calculator that can provide an accurate assessment of the likelihood of early death among patients with bone metastasis.

A New Treatment Strategy for Spinal Metastasis: The "Systemic Conditions, Effectiveness of Systemic Treatment, Neurology, and Oncology" Decision Framework System.

Background And Objectives: Treating metastatic spinal tumors poses a significant challenge because there are currently no universally applied guidelines for managing spinal metastases. This study aims to propose a new decision framework for the 12-point epidural spinal cord compression grading system to treat patients with metastatic spinal tumors and investigate its clinical effectiveness in a multicenter analysis.

Methods: This study analyzed 940 patients with metastatic spinal tumors between December 2017 and March 2023.

Prediction of postoperative health-related quality of life among patients with metastatic spinal cord compression secondary to lung cancer.

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a critical aspect of overall well-being for patients with lung cancer, particularly those with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC). However, there is currently a lack of universal evaluation of HRQoL in this specific patient population. The aim of this study was to develop a nomogram that can accurately predict HRQoL outcomes in patients with lung cancer-related MSCC.

Comparative Biomechanical Analysis of Anterior Process Locking Plate Alone versus Combined with Percutaneous Cannulated Screw Fixation for Sanders Type II Calcaneal Fractures: A Finite Element Study.

BACKGROUND Calcaneal fractures are the most common tarsal bone fractures, and account for 75% of intra-articular fractures. The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical stability of the anterior process locking plate combined with the percutaneous cannulated screw fixation (screw group) versus the anterior process locking plate fixation alone (plate group) for the treatment of Sanders type II calcaneal fractures using finite element analysis to provide a theoretical basis for clinical work. MATERIAL AND METHODS We established a 3D model of Sanders type II calcaneal fracture; assigned material properties to the internal fixation systems; applied loads; set up analysis criteria; analyzed the displacement of the fracture, relative displacement, stress state of bone tissue, and internal fixation; and compared mechanical stability.

[Targeted muscle reinnervation: a surgical technique of human-machine interface for intelligent prosthesis].

Objective: To review targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) surgery for the construction of intelligent prosthetic human-machine interface, thus providing a new clinical intervention paradigm for the functional reconstruction of residual limbs in amputees.

Methods: Extensively consulted relevant literature domestically and abroad and systematically expounded the surgical requirements of intelligent prosthetics, TMR operation plan, target population, prognosis, as well as the development and future of TMR.

Results: TMR facilitates intuitive control of intelligent prostheses in amputees by reconstructing the "brain-spinal cord-peripheral nerve-skeletal muscle" neurotransmission pathway and increasing the surface electromyographic signals required for pattern recognition.

Deep learning based ultrasonic visualization of distal humeral cartilage for image-guided therapy: a pilot validation study.

Background: Ultrasound is widely used for image-guided therapy (IGT) in many surgical fields, thanks to its various advantages, such as portability, lack of radiation and real-time imaging. This article presents the first attempt to utilize multiple deep learning algorithms in distal humeral cartilage segmentation for dynamic, volumetric ultrasound images employed in minimally invasive surgery.

Methods: The dataset, consisting 5,321 ultrasound images were collected from 12 healthy volunteers.

Development of a novel 12-point grading system for evaluating epidural spinal cord compression and its clinical implications.

Background Context: The assessment of epidural spinal cord compression (ESCC) plays a crucial role in clinical decision-making, yet the current grading system lacks reliability and requires improvements.

Purpose: The study aims to develop a reliable grading system for evaluating ESCC and to investigate its association with the neurological status of patients.

Study Design/setting: A prospective cohort study.

Treatment of patients with metastatic epidural spinal cord compression using an enhanced recovery after surgery program.

The aims of this study were to introduce a new medical, pathway based on the concept of "enhanced recovery after surgery" (ERAS) for patients with metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC), and to test whether the ERAS program could improve clinical metrics among such patients. Data from patients with MESCC ( = 98), collected between December 2016 and December 2019 (Non-ERAS cohort), and from 86 patients with metastatic epidural spinal cord compression collected between January 2020 and December 2022 (ERAS cohort), were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were treated by decompressive surgery combined with transpedicular screw implantation and internal fixation.

Machine learning-based algorithms to predict severe psychological distress among cancer patients with spinal metastatic disease.

Background Context: Metastatic spinal disease is an advanced stage of cancer patients and often suffer from terrible psychological health status; however, the ability to estimate the risk probability of this adverse outcome using current available data is very limited.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to propose a precise model based on machine learning techniques to predict psychological status among cancer patients with spinal metastatic disease.

Study Design/setting: A prospective cohort study.

Fractional differential equation modeling of the HBV infection with time delay and logistic proliferation.

In this article, a fractional-order differential equation model of HBV infection was proposed with a Caputo derivative, delayed immune response, and logistic proliferation. Initially, infection-free and infection equilibriums and the basic reproduction number were computed. Thereafter, the stability of the two equilibriums was analyzed based on the fractional Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion, and the results indicated that the stability will change if the time delay or fractional order changes.

Distal Humerus Morphological Analysis of Chinese Individuals: A Statistical Shape Modeling Approach.

Objective: A detailed analysis of the morphology of distal humeral articulation can help in the creation of anatomic prostheses of hemiarthroplasty. This study used statistical shape modeling to evaluate the 3D morphology of the distal humerus in healthy Chinese individuals and to investigate the proper articular morphology differences.

Methods: A statistical shape model (SSM) of the distal humerus was created using CT scans of 106 survey-confirmed nonpathologic elbows.

Schwann Cells Accelerate Osteogenesis via the Mif/CD74/FOXO1 Signaling Pathway In Vitro.

Schwann cells have been found to promote osteogenesis by an unclear molecular mechanism. To better understand how Schwann cells accelerate osteogenesis, RNA-Seq and LC-MS/MS were utilized to explore the transcriptomic and metabolic response of MC3T3-E1 to Schwann cells. Osteogenic differentiation was determined by ALP staining.

Comparison of oblique triangular configuration and inverted equilateral triangular configuration of three cannulated screws in treating unstable femoral neck fracture: A finite element analysis.

Background: The cross-sectional area of three parallel screws might affect the stability of the internal fixation of femoral neck fractures. The screws fixed in the oblique-triangle configuration (OTC) were assumed to have a larger cross-sectional area, but the biomechanical stability has not yet been validated. In this study, finite element analyses were performed to compare the biomechanical properties of the internal fixation fixed by the OTC and the traditional Inverted Equilateral Triangle Configuration (IETC).

Machine Learning-based Prediction of Prolonged Intensive Care Unit Stay for Critical Patients with Spinal Cord Injury.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The objective of the study was to develop machine-learning (ML) classifiers for predicting prolonged intensive care unit (ICU)-stay and prolonged hospital-stay for critical patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Summary Of Background Data: Critical patients with SCI in ICU need more attention.

The Oval-like Cross-section of Femoral Neck Isthmus in Three-dimensional Morphological Analysis.

Objectives: To investigate the cross-section shape of the femoral neck isthmus (FNI) in three-dimensional reconstruction model of the femoral neck.

Methods: From December 2009 to December 2012, computed tomography (CT) data of bilateral hip joint from 200 consecutive patients (137 males and 63 females, 69.41 ± 9.

Erratum to radiographic assessment of the cup orientation after total hip arthroplasty: a literature review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.

Three-dimensional morphological analysis of the femoral neck torsion angle-an anatomical study.

Background: The femoral neck torsion angle (FNTA) is an important but often neglected parameter in assessments of the anatomical morphology of the femoral neck, which is often confused with the femoral neck anteversion angle (FNAA) in the current literature. Currently, the measurement methods reported in the literature all adopt the naked eye or two-dimensional (2D) visualization method, and the measurement parameters and details are not clearly defined. The objection of this research was to provide a reliable 3D method for determining the femoral neck axis, to improve the measurement method of the FNTA, and to analyze the anatomical and clinical significance of the results.

Automatic estimation of morphological characteristics of proximal tibia for precise plate treatment using model matching.

Plate treatment is currently the standard treatment of proximal tibia fracture. Morphological characteristics can help orthopedic surgeons understand anatomic information of tibia and choose well-matched plate for reducing difficulties in plate treatment. However, manual measurement of morphological characteristics of patient's tibia is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

Radiographic assessment of the cup orientation after total hip arthroplasty: a literature review.

Optimal acetabular cup orientation is of substantial importance to good long-term function and low complication rates after total hip arthroplasty (THA). The radiographic anteversion (RA) and inclination (RI) angles of the cup are typically studied due to the practicability, simplicity, and ease of interpretation of their measurements. A great number of methods have been developed to date, most of which have been performed on pelvic or hip anteroposterior radiographs.

Three-dimensional mapping of intertrochanteric fracture lines.

Background: Available research about the anatomic patterns of intertrochanteric fractures is lacking, and fracture mapping has not previously been performed on intertrochanteric fractures. This study aimed to determine the major trajectories of intertrochanteric fracture lines using computed tomography data from a series of surgically treated patients.

Methods: In this study, 504 patients with intertrochanteric fractures were retrospectively analyzed.