Effect of Initial Surface Scratches on the Cavitation Erosion Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel Substrates and 316L Stainless Steel Coatings.

Rough surfaces have been widely considered as negative factors affecting cavitation erosion resistance. However, this study presented the opposite result. Here, 316L stainless steel substrates and the arc-sprayed 316L stainless steel coatings were subjected to a specific grinding process that introduced scratches on the surfaces.

Screening and Identification of Human Endogenous Retrovirus-K mRNAs for Breast Cancer Through Integrative Analysis of Multiple Datasets.

Objective: Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) make up 8% of the human genome. HERVs are biologically active elements related to multiple diseases. HERV-K, a subfamily of HERVs, has been associated with certain types of cancer and suggested as an immunologic target in some tumors.

Fabrication of Porous Aluminum Coating by Cored Wire Arc Spray for Anchoring Antifouling Hydrogel Layer.

Biofouling has been persisting as a worldwide problem due to the difficulties in finding efficient environment-friendly antifouling coatings for long-term applications. Developing novel coatings with desired antifouling properties has been one of the research goals for surface coating community. Recently hydrogel coating was proposed to serve as antifouling layer, for it offers the advantages of the ease of incorporating green biocides, and resisting attachment of microorganisms by its soft surface.

In-situ SEM observations of ultrasonic cavitation erosion behavior of HVOF-sprayed coatings.

Several typical high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF)-sprayed coatings, including WC-10Co4Cr coatings, Co-based coatings, WC-10Co4Cr/Co-based composite coatings, and Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline coatings were fabricated, and their cavitation behavior was evaluated in deionized water. Further, in-situ SEM surface observations were used to understand the microstructure of tested coatings. The results show that cavitation erosion initially occurred at pre-existing defects in the coatings.

Recyclable heparin and chitosan conjugated magnetic nanocomposites for selective removal of low-density lipoprotein from plasma.

A new fabrication protocol is described to obtain heparin and chitosan conjugated magnetic nanocomposite as a blood purification material for removal of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) from blood plasma. The adsorbent could be easily separated with an external magnet for recyclable use since it had a magnetic core. The LDL level of plasma decreased by 67.

Effects of titanium nanoparticles on adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of nanoscale wear particles derived from titanium/titanium alloy-based implants on integration of bone. Here we report the potential impact of titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from the cellular level to the molecular level in the Wistar rat.

Methods: A series of TiO2 nanoparticles (14 nm, 108 nm, and 196 nm) were synthesized and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively.

Effects of mesoporous SiO2 , Fe3 O4 , and TiO2 nanoparticles on the biological functions of endothelial cells in vitro.

To comparatively investigate the cytotoxicities of nanomaterials in circulation, in this study, three different types of nanoparticles (NPs; mesoporous SiO2, Fe3O4, and TiO2) with diameters of around 100 nm were synthesized. The morphologies, crystalline phases, and zeta potentials of those NPs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and zeta potential measurement, respectively. Then, we investigated the influences of different NPs on the biological functions of endothelial cells, in particular of the organelle of cells.

Fabrication of selenium-deposited and chitosan-coated titania nanotubes with anticancer and antibacterial properties.

To exploit titanium materials with anticancer and antibacterial properties, TiO(2) nanotubes arrays as nanoreservoirs for deposition of selenium were generated onto titanium substrates and then covered with chitosan layer. The deposition of selenium in TiO(2) nanotubes was performed with electrodeposition. The physical properties (surface morphologies, chemical compositions and wettability) of the substrates were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and contact angle measurement, respectively.

Construction of microenvironment onto titanium substrates to regulate the osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells in vitro and osteogenesis in vivo.

To mimic the extracellular matrix of natural bone, apatite/gelatin composite was deposited onto nanostructured titanium substrates via a coprecipitation method, which was pretreated by potassium hydroxide and heat treatment to generate an anticorrosive nanostructured layer. The successful formation of the apatite/gelatin nanocomposite onto titanium surfaces was revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and thin film X-ray diffraction (TF-XRD) measurements, respectively. The immunofluorescence staining of vinculin revealed that the apatite/gelatin nanocomposite deposited titanium substrate was favorable for cell adhesion.

Surface functionalization of TiO2 nanotubes with bone morphogenetic protein 2 and its synergistic effect on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.

To investigate the influence of surface-functionalized substrates with nanostructures on the behaviors of mesenchymal stem cells, we conjugated bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) onto TiO(2) nanotubes with different diameter sizes of 30, 60, and 100 nm for in vitro study. Polydopamine was employed as the intermediate layer for the conjugation of BMP2. The successful conjugation of BMP2 onto TiO(2) nanotubes was revealed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurements.

[Intraoperative radiotherapy for 30 esophageal carcinoma patients].

Objective: To analyze the complications and treatment results of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) for esophageal carcinoma.

Methods: Sixty patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma underwent esophagectomy through right thoractomy, 30 patients of whom received IORT of 15 - 25 Gy.

Results: In patients who underwent IORT, 2 cases of pneumonitis, 1 case of anastomotic leak and 1 case of incisional wound infection were found.