Association of cardiorespiratory fitness with dementia risk across different levels of genetic predisposition: a large community-based longitudinal study.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with cognitive function and dementia risk, taking genetic predisposition for dementia into account.

Methods: Within the UK Biobank, 61 214 dementia-free participants aged 39-70 years were followed for up to 12 years. CRF score was estimated using a 6 min submaximal exercise test on a stationary bike and divided into tertiles (ie, low, moderate, and high; standardised by age and sex).

Association of cardiometabolic multimorbidity with risk of late-life depression: a nationwide twin study.

Background: Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) including heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes have been individually linked to depression. However, their combined impact on depression risk is unclear. We aimed to examine the association between cardiometabolic multimorbidity and depression and explore the role of genetic background in this association.

The association of a low-inflammatory diet with the trajectory of multimorbidity: a large community-based longitudinal study.

Background: A proinflammatory diet has been associated with a risk of individual chronic diseases, however, evidence on the association between inflammatory dietary patterns and the trajectory of chronic disease multimorbidity is sparse.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the associations of a low-inflammatory diet with the multimorbidity trajectory.

Methods: Within the UK Biobank, 102,424 chronic disease-free participants (mean age 54.

Association of past and current sleep duration with structural brain differences: A large population-based study from the UK Biobank.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between past/current sleep duration and macro-/micro-structural brain outcomes and explore whether hypertension or social activity plays a role in such association.

Methods: Within the UK Biobank, 40 436 dementia-free participants (age 40-70 years) underwent a baseline assessment followed by a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan 9 years later. Past (baseline) and current (MRI scans) sleep duration (hours/day) were recorded and classified as short (≤5), intermediate (6-8), and long (≥9).

The association of the dietary inflammatory potential with risk of overall and site-specific cancers: A community-based longitudinal study in the UK Biobank.

Objectives: The association of the dietary inflammatory potential with cancer risk remains uncertain. We examined the relationship of the dietary inflammatory potential with risk of overall and site-specific cancers and explored its sex and age differences.

Design: A community-based longitudinal study.

Association of a low-inflammatory diet with survival among adults: The role of cardiometabolic diseases and lifestyle.

Background & Aims: Evidence on the association between dietary inflammation and longevity is limited. We aimed to examine the association of a low-inflammatory diet with mortality and longevity, and to explore whether cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) and lifestyle factors may play a role in this association.

Methods: Within the UK Biobank, 188,443 participants aged 39-72 years (mean 56.

Association of cognitive reserve with the risk of dementia in the UK Biobank: role of polygenic factors.

Background: It remains unclear whether cognitive reserve can attenuate dementia risk among people with different genetic predispositions.

Aims: We aimed to examine the association between cognitive reserve and dementia, and further to explore whether and to what extent cognitive reserve may modify the risk effect of genetic factors on dementia.

Method: Within the UK Biobank, 210 631 dementia-free participants aged ≥60 years were followed to detect incident dementia.

Association of Motor Function With Cognitive Trajectories and Structural Brain Differences: A Community-Based Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: The association of motor function with cognitive health remains controversial, and the mechanisms underlying this relationship are unclear. We aimed to examine the association between motor function and long-term cognitive trajectories and further explore the underlying mechanisms using brain MRI.

Methods: In the Rush Memory and Aging Project, a prospective cohort study, a total of 2,192 volunteers were recruited from the communities in northeastern Illinois and followed up for up to 22 years (from 1997 to 2020).

PECAM-1 drives β-catenin-mediated EndMT via internalization in colon cancer with diabetes mellitus.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered to be a risk factor in carcinogenesis and progression, although the biological mechanisms are not well understood. Here we demonstrate that platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1) internalization drives β-catenin-mediated endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) to link DM to cancer.

Methods: The tumor microenvironment (TME) was investigated for differences between colon cancer with and without DM by mRNA-microarray analysis.

Association of Kidney Function With Dementia and Structural Brain Differences: A Large Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: The association between kidney function and dementia risk and the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear.

Methods: Within the UK Biobank, 191 970 dementia-free participants aged ≥60 (mean age: 64.1 ± 2.

Association of lifespan reproductive duration with depression in Swedish twins: The role of hormone replacement therapy.

Objective: To examine the association between reproductive duration and postmenopausal depression (taking the use of hormone replacement therapy [HRT] into account).

Methods: In this population-based cohort study, 11 320 postmenopausal women (mean age 63.6 years) were followed for up to 18 years.

Injurious falls before, during and after dementia diagnosis: a population-based study.

Background: the timing of incident injurious falls at different stages of dementia diagnosis is unclear.

Objectives: to identify when the occurrence of injurious falls begins to increase among individuals who are going to develop dementia, to explore the time point at which people living with dementia are at highest risk of injurious falls and to ascertain differences in fall-related factors pre- and post-dementia diagnosis.

Design: this study included 2,707 participants with incident dementia and 2,707 1:1 matched (i.

Association of impaired kidney function with dementia and brain pathologies: A community-based cohort study.

Introduction: The relationship between impaired kidney function (KF), dementia, and brain pathologies remains unclear.

Methods: A total of 1354 dementia- and kidney disease-free participants including 895 with normal and 459 with impaired KF were followed from 2002 until 2020 (median [interquartile range]: 5 [2-9]) to detect incident dementia. KF was assessed at baseline and categorized as normal or impaired.

Association of depression with mortality in nationwide twins: The mediating role of dementia.

Background: The differential impact of depression across different periods in life on mortality remains inconclusive. We aimed to examine the association of depression that occurs at different age with all-cause mortality, and to explore the roles of dementia, as well as genetic and early-life environmental factors, in this association.

Methods: From the Swedish Twin Registry, 44,919 twin individuals were followed for up to 18 years.

Pulmonary Function Trajectories Preceding Death Among Older Adults: A Long-Term Community-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Poor pulmonary function (PF) has been linked to mortality, but the timing of PF changes before death remains unclear. We aimed to examine the association between PF and mortality and identify different PF trajectories precedes death.

Methods: Within the Rush Memory and Aging Project, 1 438 participants without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were followed for up to 22 years.

Association between Dietary Fiber Intake and Mortality among Colorectal Cancer Survivors: Results from the Newfoundland Familial Colorectal Cancer Cohort Study and a Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.

We examined dietary fiber intake for its relevance to Colorectal cancer (CRC) survival in a cohort of CRC patients and a meta-analysis including results from four prospective cohort studies. We analyzed 504 CRC patients enrolled in the Newfoundland Familial Colorectal Cancer Study (NFCCS) who were newly diagnosed with CRC between 1999 and 2003. Follow-up for deaths was through April 2010.

Influence of cardiovascular risk burden on pulmonary function trajectory: role of physical and social activities.

The impact of cardiovascular risk burden on long-term trajectories of pulmonary function (PF) remains unclear. We examined the association of cardiovascular risk burden assessed by Framingham general cardiovascular risk score (FGCRS) with PF decline and explored whether cardiovascular diseases (CVD), physical and social activities play a role in the association. Within the Rush Memory and Aging Project, 1,442 participants (mean age:79.

Association of Sleep Duration, Napping, and Sleep Patterns With Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Nationwide Twin Study.

Background Although sleep disorders have been linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the association between sleep characteristics and CVDs remains inconclusive. We aimed to examine the association of nighttime sleep duration, daytime napping, and sleep patterns with CVDs and explore whether genetic and early-life environmental factors account for this association. Methods and Results In the Swedish Twin Registry, 12 268 CVD-free twin individuals (mean age=70.

Association of life-course reproductive duration with mortality: a population-based twin cohort study.

Background: Although age at menopause has been linked to mortality, the association between the entire reproductive lifespan and mortality remains unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to examine to what extent life-course reproductive duration is associated with all-cause mortality and explore the role of a healthy lifestyle and familial background in such an association.

Study Design: A total of 11,669 women (mean age, 63.

Influence of Cardiovascular Risk Burden on Motor Function Among Older Adults: Mediating Role of Cardiovascular Diseases Accumulation and Cognitive Decline.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association of the cardiovascular risk burden assessed by the Framingham General Cardiovascular Risk Score (FGCRS) with the trajectories of motor function over time and to assess the mediating effects of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) accumulation and cognitive decline in such association.

Methods: In Rush Memory and Aging Project, a total of 1,378 physical health participants (mean age: 79.3 ± 7.

Association of Pulmonary Function With Motor Function Trajectories and Disability Progression Among Older Adults: A Long-Term Community-Based Cohort Study.

Background: The association of pulmonary function (PF) with motor function and disability remains unclear. We investigate the association of PF with motor function trajectories and disability progression, and explore the role of social activity, cognitive function, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in this relationship.

Methods: Within the Rush Memory and Aging Project, 1 403 disability-free participants (mean age: 79.

Association of life-course traumatic brain injury with dementia risk: A nationwide twin study.

Introduction: The impact of life-course traumatic brain injury (TBI) on dementia is unclear.

Methods: Within the Swedish Twin Registry (STR), 35,312 dementia-free twins were followed for up to 18 years. TBI history was identified via medical records.

High lifelong cognitive reserve prolongs disability-free survival: The role of cognitive function.

Introduction: The association between cognitive reserve (CR) and survival with independence is unknown. We examined whether lifelong CR accumulation is associated with disability-free survival and explored the extent to which cognitive function mediates this association.

Methods: Within the Rush Memory and Aging Project, 1633 dementia- and disability-free participants were followed annually for up to 22 years.