The autumn activity patterns and time budgets of Forest musk deer () in captivity.

Activity patterns and time budgets play a crucial role in the successful farming and management of animals. In this study, the behavior patterns of 53 forest musk deer () were analyzed from October 2 to 16, 2021, throughout the day and night. The results showed a distinct dawn-dusk activity rhythm in the captive forest musk deer with a peak activity observed at dawn (07:00 - 10:00) and dusk (16:00 - 19:00).

[Effect of Bmi-1 Expression on Chemotherapy Sensitivity in THP-1 Cells].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Bmi-1 expression on the chemosensitivity of THP-1 cells and its relative mechanism.

Methods: The pGenesil-2-Bmi-1 1 siRNA, p-MSCV-Bmi-1 plasmid was transfected into THP-1 cells to reduce or increase the expression of Bmi-1. The expression of Bmi-1 mRNA and protein was verified by PCR and Western blot.

[Effect of Bmi-1 on Multidrug Resistance in K562/ADR Cells and Its Mechanisms].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Bmi-1 gene silencing on drug resistance of leukemia cell K562/ADR and to explore its possible mechanism.

Methods: After two sequences of Bmi-1-siRNA were transfected into drug-resistant K562/ADR cells, the mRNA and protein expressions of Bmi-1 gene were detected. After Bmi-1 gene silencing the expression of P-gp and MDR1 were detected and the accumulation of doxorubicin in K562/ADR cells were detected by flow cytometry to determine the effect of Bmi-1 gene silencing on drug resistance of K562/ADR cells.

[Effect of Bmi-1 Silencing on the Proliferation of K562/ADM Cells in vitro and in vivo].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Bmi-1 gene silencing on the proliferation of K562/ADM cells in vitro and in vivo and to explore its possible molecular mechanism.

Methods: The small interference RNA (siRNA) sequences of Bmi-1 were transfected into K562/ADM cells for decreasing the expression of Bmi-1. The effect of Bmi-1 silencing on the proliferation of K562/ADM cells in vitro and in vivo was detected by using MTT method, cell colony-forming test and tumoriganicity of nude mice; the expression of Bmi-1, PTEN and PAKT proteins was detected by Wertern blot.

[Bmi-1-siRNA Regulates the Proliferation of K562 Leukemia Cells in vitro and in vivo by PTEN/pAKT Pathway].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Bmi-1 gene silence on the proliferation ability of K562 cells in vitro and in vivo, and to explore the relation of molecular mechanism between proliferation ability of K562 cells in vitro and in vivo with PTEN/pAKT signaling pathway.

Methods: The Bmi-1 small interference RNA (siRNA) sequences were transfected into K562 cells for decreasing Bmi-1 expression. The effect of Bmi-1 siRNA on the proliferation of K562 cells in vitro and in vivo was detected by MTT method and colony-forming test, the effect of Bmi-1 siRNA on the tumorogenicity of K562 cells was observed by subcutaneous inoculation of K562 cells, LY294002 and Bpv treated K562 cells in nude mice, the expression of Bmi-1, PTEN and pAKT proteins were detected by Western blot.

[Boldness of the alpine musk deer in captivity during non-mating season and its relationships with the musk secretion and reproduction succes].

This study was conducted in 2017 from July 1st to August 31st at Xinglongshan musk deer farm in the Xinglongshan National Nature Reserve of Gansu Province, where we recorded behaviors and locations of 29 captive musk deer using the integrated methods of focal sampling and all occurrence recording. Based on the location selection patterns under artificial stress, we defined the animal's stress level and quantified individuals' boldness by combination with the occupation time ratio at each level. Then, the effects of gender, age-class, and other factors on boldness were analyzed along with musk secretion and reproduction success.

Recent Advances in the Development of Vaccines for Diabetes, Hypertension, and Atherosclerosis.

Vaccines are commonly used in the prevention of infectious diseases. The basic principle of vaccination is to use specific antigens, endogenous or exogenous to stimulate immunity against the specific antigens or cells producing them. Autoantigen or oligo vaccination has been used for disease animal models.

Temporal variation in the operational sex ratio and male mating behaviours in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus).

In polygynous species, sexual selection is mostly driven by male ability to monopolize access to females in oestrous. In ungulates, the operational sex ratio (OSR), i.e.

Life-history trait plasticity and its relationships with plant adaptation and insect fitness: a case study on the aphid Sitobion avenae.

Phenotypic plasticity has recently been considered a powerful means of adaptation, but its relationships with corresponding life-history characters and plant specialization levels of insects have been controversial. To address the issues, Sitobion avenae clones from three plants in two areas were compared. Varying amounts of life-history trait plasticity were found among S.

Polyphyllin D induces apoptosis and differentiation in K562 human leukemia cells.

Polyphyllin D, a compound derived from Paris polyphylla rhizoma, demonstrated strong anticancer activities in a previous study. Our results demonstrated that polyphyllin D exerts a growth inhibitory effect by inducing apoptosis and differentiation in the human erythroleukemia cell line K562. Polyphyllin D induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, as evidenced by the decreased Bcl-2 and Bcr/Abl expression levels, the disruption of MMP and increased Bax, cytochrome c and cleaved-caspase-3 levels.

Comparison of fitness traits and their plasticity on multiple plants for Sitobion avenae infected and cured of a secondary endosymbiont.

Regiella insecticola has been found to enhance the performance of host aphids on certain plants, but its functional role in adaptation of host aphids to plants is still controversial. Here we evaluate the impacts of R. insecticola infections on vital life-history traits of Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), and their underlying genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity on three plants.

Species Delimitation in the Genus Moschus (Ruminantia: Moschidae) and Its High-Plateau Origin.

The authenticity of controversial species is a significant challenge for systematic biologists. Moschidae is a small family of musk deer in the Artiodactyla, composing only one genus, Moschus. Historically, the number of species in the Moschidae family has been debated.

[Ecological characteristics of preferred habitat of reindeer of Daxing'an Mountain forest area Northeast China in summer].

In July and August of 2012 and 2013, habitat selection and use patterns of reindeer were studied using both line and strip-transect surveys. Twenty-three habitat factors were measured and compared in known reindeer range areas in northwestern China. A total of 72 sampling sites were designated as being used by reindeer, and 162 sites were designated as unused control plots.

Acarbose treatment affects the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and the gut content of bifidobacteria in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: The effects of acarbose add-on therapy on gut microbiota and inflammatory cytokines were investigated in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: Ninety-five DM patients were randomly allocated to two groups: 59 to Group A who received antidiabetic treatment that included acarbose 150 mg/day, and 36 to Group B who received similar treatment to Group A but without acarbose. Forty-five healthy volunteers were selected as a control group.

[Inhibitory effect of alantolactone on the proliferation of K562/ADR cells and its mechanism].

Objective: To explore the inhibitory effect of alantolactone on the proliferation of adriamycin-resistant human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K562/ADR cells and its mechanism.

Methods: K562/ADR cells were treated with various concentrations of alantolactone (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 μmol/L) for different time points. Cell viability was analyzed with MTT assay.

Growth inhibition effects of isoalantolactone on K562/A02 cells: caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways, S phase arrest, and downregulation of Bcr/Abl.

Isoalantolactone, a sesquiterpene lactone, is the active component of Inula helenium (Compositae). It has been reported that isoalantolactone has the capacity to inhibit tumor cell growth through induction of apoptosis. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effects of isoalantolactone on the human erythroleukemia drug-resistant cell line K562/A02 and to provide evidence of its function as a potent therapeutic agent in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia with the Bcr/Abl phenotype.

Bmi-1-shRNA inhibits the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells by blocking the G1/S phase through decreasing cyclin D1 and increasing p21/p27 levels.

B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 (Bmi-1) is highly expressed in a variety of cancers and has been shown to regulate cell proliferation. The INK4a/ARF tumor suppressor gene locus is one of the major targets of Bmi-1. In the present study, we chose two lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, A549 cells (without INK4a locus) and SPC-A1 cells (with INK4a locus), to investigate if the small hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of Bmi-1 could inhibit the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells, and to delineate the possible mechanism underlying Bmi-1 modulation of cell proliferation.

Fitness traits and underlying genetic variation related to host plant specialization in the aphid Sitobion avenae.

Sitobion avenae (F.) is an important cereal pest worldwide that can survive on various plants in the Poaceae, but divergent selection on different host plants should promote the evolution of specialized genotypes or host races. In order to evaluate their resource use strategies, clones of S.

Mitochondrial genome of the Alpine musk deer Moschus chrysogaster (Artiodactyla: Ruminantia: Moschidae).

The Alpine musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) is an endangered species, which is distributed on the plateau and mountains, mainly in Neimenggu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan, Xinjiang, and other places. In this study, we determined the complete mitochondrial genome of M. chrysogaster.

Alantolactone inhibits growth of K562/adriamycin cells by downregulating Bcr/Abl and P-glycoprotein expression.

Alantolactone, a sesquiterpene lactone containing an α-methylene-γ-lactone group, is the active component of Inula helenium (Compositae), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. It has been reported that alantolactone has the capacity to inhibit tumor cell growth through induction of apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of alantolactone in the adriamycin (ADR)-resistant human erythroleukemia cell line K562/ADR, and provide evidence that it might function as a potent therapeutic agent in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients with Bcr/Abl and the multidrug-resistance phenotype.

Stable fighting strategies to maintain social ranks in captive male Alpine musk deer (Moschus sifanicus).

This study was conducted at the XINGLONGSHAN Musk Deer Farm of China from July to September 2008. Results showed that captive male musk deer exhibit aggressive dominance behavior, by which a stable social ranking is established. Generally, there were three types of aggression in agonistic interactions among males: attacking, displacing and threatening.

shRNA-mediated knockdown of Bmi-1 inhibit lung adenocarcinoma cell migration and metastasis.

Bmi-1 has been implicated in cancer cell growth and metastasis in a variety of tumor types. In this study, we sought to evaluate the expression of Bmi-1 in lung adenocarcinoma samples, and to determine if a correlation exists between Bmi-1 expression and clinical features of lung cancer, such as metastasis. Our results showed that Bmi-1 expression is increased in lung cancer tissues compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissues, and is associated with clinical features of lung cancer, including clinical stage and distant metastasis.