A minimalist cancer cell membrane-shielded biomimetic nanoparticle for nasopharyngeal carcinoma active-targeting therapy.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common head and neck malignancy, which is characterized by high incidence and aggression with poor diagnosis and limited therapeutic opportunity. The innovative strategy for achieving precise NPC active-targeting drug delivery has emerged as a prominent focus in clinical research. Here, a minimalist cancer cell membrane (CCM) shielded biomimetic nanoparticle (NP) was designed for NPC active-targeting therapy.

Efficient chemo-immunotherapy leveraging minimalist electrostatic complex nanoparticle as "in situ" vaccine integrated tumor ICD and immunoagonist.

Introduction: Immunotherapy has unprecedentedly opened up a series of neoteric tactics for cancer treatment. As a burgeoning approach, chemo-immunotherapy has innovatively expanded the accomplishments of conventional chemotherapeutic agents for cancer governing.

Objectives: An efficacious chemo-immunotherapy leveraging minimalist electrostatic complex nanoparticle (NP) integrated tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD) and immunoagonist was developed as a watertight "in situ" vaccine for cancer therapy through convenient intratumoral administration with minimized systemic toxicity.

Synergistically enhanced cancer immunotherapy by combining protamine-based nanovaccine with PD-L1 gene silence nanoparticle.

Tumor vaccine has brought a new dawn for cancer immunotherapy, but disillusionary therapeutic outcomes have been achieved due to the inefficient in vivo vaccine delivery. Moreover, tumor cells customarily resort to various wily tricks to circumvent the recognition and sweeping of the immune system, the immune escape effect has badly aggravated the difficulty of cancer management. With respect to the foregoing, in this study, a promising combinational strategy which cooperated nanovaccine with immune escape inhibition was developed for synergistically enhancing the oncotherapy efficiency.

Survival benefit and biomarker analysis of pyrotinib or pyrotinib plus capecitabine for patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: a pooled analysis of two phase I studies.

Background: Pyrotinib, a novel irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has demonstrated promising antitumor activity to improve the overall response rate and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, the survival data of pyrotinib or pyrotinib plus capecitabine in HER2-positive MBC remains scarce. Thus, we summarized the updated individual patient data from the phase I trials of pyrotinib or pyrotinib plus capecitabine, to provide a cumulative assessment on long-term outcomes and associated biomarker analysis of irreversible TKIs in HER2-positive MBC patients.

Leveraging Nanodrug Delivery System for Simultaneously Targeting Tumor Cells and M2 Tumor-Associated Macrophages for Efficient Colon Cancer Therapy.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) widely exist in the solid tumors, which participate in the entire course of tumor development and execute momentous impacts. Therefore, manipulating TAMs has been identified as an expecting strategy with immense potential for cancer therapy. Herein, a nanodrug delivery system was leveraged for simultaneously targeting tumor cells and M2-type TAMs for efficient colon cancer therapy.

Pooled analyses of randomized controlled trials on pyrotinib plus capecitabine and a rethink of the first-line options for HER2-positive relapsed or metastatic breast cancer.

This pooled analysis explored the possibility and potential of pyrotinib plus capecitabine as a first-line regimen in relapsed or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer patients who received prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy with trastuzumab and discussed the potential treatment options for these patients, especially for the patients relapsed during or within 6 months after adjuvant trastuzumab.

Buffet-style Cu(II) for enhance disulfiram-based cancer therapy.

Studies have shown that disulfiram (DSF) can combine with Cu to form bis(N, N-diethyldithiocarbamate) copper(II) complex (CuET) as antitumor drugs. However, there is insufficient endogenous Cu dose to eradicate cancer cells selectively. Inspired by the buffet, we use Cu doped hollow zeolitic imidazolate framework nanoparticles (HZIF) as the carrier and equipped with DSF and indocyanine green (ICG) and targeted by folic acid (FA) (D&I@HZIF-FA) to enhance DSF-based cancer therapy.

Clinical and genetic predictions of early-onset cardiac toxicity in adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.

To identify clinical and genetic variants associated with early-onset cardiac toxicity with a low cumulative dose of chemotherapy drugs in breast cancer. A total of 388 recruited patients completed routine blood, liver and kidney function, D-dimer, troponin T, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) or N-terminal prohormone of BNP, ECG and echocardiography tests before and after adjuvant chemotherapy. 25 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested.

Molecular landscape of TP53 mutations in breast cancer and their utility for predicting the response to HER-targeted therapy in HER2 amplification-positive and HER2 mutation-positive amplification-negative patients.

Purpose: We used targeted capture sequencing to analyze TP53-mutated circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in metastatic breast cancer patients and to determine whether TP53 mutation has predictive value for anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) treatment for in HER2 amplification-positive patients (HER2+) and HER2 mutation-positive, amplification-negative (HER2-/mut) patients.

Patients And Methods: TP53 mutation features were analyzed in the Geneplus cohort (n = 1184). The MSK-BREAST cohort was used to explore the value of TP53 mutation in predicting anti-HER-2 antibody efficacy.

In Real Life, Low-Level HER2 Expression May Be Associated With Better Outcome in HER2-Negative Breast Cancer: A Study of the National Cancer Center, China.

Background: To characterize the clinical and pathological features and survival of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low breast cancer in China.

Methods: The China National Cancer Center database was used to identify 1,433 metastatic breast cancer patients with HER2-negative disease diagnosed between 2005 and 2015. Clinicopathological features, survival, and prognosis information were extracted.

Cooperating minimalist nanovaccine with PD-1 blockade for effective and feasible cancer immunotherapy.

Introduction: Tumor vaccine has been a research boom for cancer immunotherapy, while its therapeutic outcome is severely depressed by the vulnerable delivery efficiency. Moreover, tumor immune escape is also another intractable issue, which has badly whittled down the therapeutic efficiency.

Objectives: Our study aims to solve the above dilemmas by cooperating minimalist nanovaccine with PD-1 blockade for effective and feasible cancer immunotherapy.

Real world initial palliative treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in premenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer: A study of the National Cancer Center, China.

Background: To observe whether guideline non-adherence in initial palliative treatment choices for premenopausal hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients result in worse clinical outcomes in the Chinese population.

Methods: The China National Cancer Center database was used to identify 2194 patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2015. A total of 451 premenopausal patients with HR + HER2- MBC were included.

Antibody-drug conjugates in HER2-positive breast cancer.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) combine the high specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the high anti-tumor activity of small molecular cytotoxic payloads. The anti-tumor activity of ADCs is mainly achieved by the direct blocking of the receptor by monoclonal antibodies, direct action and bystander effect of cytotoxic drugs, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. ADCs have been used in adjuvant therapy and rescue treatment of human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, greatly improving the prognosis of breast cancer patients.

Clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes in patients with synchronous lung metastases upon initial metastatic breast cancer diagnosis in Han population.

Background: We investigated the clinicopathological characteristics and survival of breast cancer lung metastases (BCLM) patients at initial diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in the Han population.

Methods: We attained clinical data of 3155 MBC patients initially diagnosed between April 2000 and September 2019 from the China National Cancer Center and finally included 2263 MBC patients in this study, among which 809 patients presented with lung metastases at first MBC diagnosis. The risk factors for BCLM were determined using multivariate logistic regression analysis and the prognostic factors of BCLM patients were assessed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.

Breast Cancer in Chinese Females Aged 25 Years and Younger.

Background: Breast cancer has both aggressive clinicopathological characteristics and a poor prognosis in young females. However, limited information is available for breast cancer in Chinese females aged ≤25 years. Therefore, we aimed to explore prognostic factors for invasive disease-free (iDFS) and overall survival (OS) among breast cancer patients aged ≤25 years.

Recent advances in selective photothermal therapy of tumor.

Photothermal therapy (PTT), which converts light energy to heat energy, has become a new research hotspot in cancer treatment. Although researchers have investigated various ways to improve the efficiency of tumor heat ablation to treat cancer, PTT may cause severe damage to normal tissue due to the systemic distribution of photothermal agents (PTAs) in the body and inaccurate laser exposure during treatment. To further improve the survival rate of cancer patients and reduce possible side effects on other parts of the body, it is still necessary to explore PTAs with high selectivity and precise treatment.

Single-cell analyses reveal key immune cell subsets associated with response to PD-L1 blockade in triple-negative breast cancer.

In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the benefit of combining chemotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors is still not very clear. We utilize single-cell RNA- and ATAC-sequencing to examine the immune cell dynamics in 22 patients with advanced TNBC treated with paclitaxel or its combination with the anti-PD-L1 atezolizumab. We demonstrate that high levels of baseline CXCL13 T cells are linked to the proinflammatory features of macrophages and can predict effective responses to the combination therapy.

Chemotherapeutic drug-induced immunogenic cell death for nanomedicine-based cancer chemo-immunotherapy.

Chemotherapy has been a conventional paradigm for cancer treatment, and multifarious chemotherapeutic drugs have been widely employed for decades with significant performances in suppressing tumors. Moreover, some of the antitumor chemotherapeutic agents, such as doxorubicin (DOX), oxaliplatin (OXA), cyclophosphamide (CPA) and paclitaxel (PTX), can also tackle tumors through the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumor cells to trigger specific antitumor immune responses of the body and improve chemotherapy efficacy. In recent years, chemo-immunotherapy has attracted increasing attention as one of the most promising combination therapies to struggle with malignant tumors.

Sequentially pH-Responsive Drug-Delivery Nanosystem for Tumor Immunogenic Cell Death and Cooperating with Immune Checkpoint Blockade for Efficient Cancer Chemoimmunotherapy.

Chemoimmunotherapy has anchored a new blueprint for cancer management. As a burgeoning approach, immunotherapy has shifted the paradigm of traditional chemotherapy and opened up new prospects for cancer treatment. Here, a sequentially pH-responsive doxorubicin (DOX) delivery nanosystem is designed for simultaneous chemotherapy and tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD).

CpG-Based Nanovaccines for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Cancer has been a serious health hazard to the people all over the world with its high incidence and horrible mortality. In recent years, tumor vaccines in immunotherapy have become a hotspot in cancer therapy due to their many practical advantages and good therapeutic potentials. Among the various vaccines, nanovaccine utilized nanoparticles (NPs) as the carrier and/or adjuvant has presented significant therapeutic effect in cancer treatment.