Ten polysaccharides were mixed to select polysaccharides with the synergistic anti-freezing effect in this study. It was found that hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and pectin (PEC) or κ-carrageenan (κ-CAR) synergistically decreased the freezing temperature of water and enhanced the ice recrystallization inhibition activity. Moreover, HPMC/κ-CAR exhibited greater synergy than HPMC/PEC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study investigated the influence of acids on gelation of soy protein isolate (SPI) under heating. Specifically, the SPI solution was acidified to pH 2.5 using hydrochloric acid (HA), acetic acid (AA), tartaric acid (TA) and citric acid (CA), respectively, and then heated at 85 °C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe previously confirmed that tannic acid could delay the metabolism of resistant starch , which suggested that tannic acid might deliver resistant starch to the distal colon . Accordingly, co-supplementation of resistant starch and tannic acid might be beneficial for keeping the distal colon healthy. Thus, this study compared the effects of resistant starch, tannic acid and their mixtures on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe had previously observed that adding pectin into milk before fermentation inhibited gelation of yogurt but did not affect the pH. Thus, this work aimed to prepare such liquid yogurt and clarify its formation mechanism. It was found that liquid yogurt was obtained in the presence of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis work investigated the effect of tannic acid on the fermentation rate of resistant starch. It was found that 1.0 and 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFermentation of resistant starch from the starch-ferulic acid inclusion complex, one representative of the starch-polyphenol inclusion complex, was investigated in this study. It was found that this complex-based resistant starch, high-amylose corn starch and the mixture of ferulic acid and high-amylose corn starch were mainly utilized at the initial 6 h as indicated by the gas production and pH. Besides, the supplement of high-amylose corn starch, the mixture and the complex promoted production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), reduced the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) and selectively stimulated the proliferation of some beneficial bacteria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhytoglycogen-derived self-assembled nanoparticles (SMPG/CLA) and enzymatic-assembled nanoparticles (EMPG/CLA) were fabricated for delivery of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). After measuring the loading rate and yield, the optimal ratio for both assembled host-guest complexes was 1 : 10, and the maximum loading rate and yield for EMPG/CLA were 1.6% and 88.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlucan dendrimers were developed with microbial branching enzyme (BE) treated maltodextrin. The molecular weight (M) of recombinant BE was 79.0 kDa, and its optimum activity was observed at pH 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRice bran, rich in feruloyl arabinoxylan, is a good source of feruloyl oligosaccharides (FOs). To prepare FOs, bran was often hydrolyzed by amylase and protease to remove starch and protein and then hydrolyzed by xylanase, which was time-consuming and had a low yield. To solve the above problems, enzymatic extrusion was used to treat rice bran, and the effects of traditional hydrolysis, a combination of traditional extrusion and hydrolysis (extrusion-hydrolysis) and enzymatic extrusion on the yield of FOs were investigated and compared in this study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of sodium alginate (SA) on the yogurt stability and the related mechanisms were investigated. It was found that low-concentration SA (≤0.2 %) increased the yogurt stability, while high-concentration SA (≥0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Sci Food Agric
January 2023
Background: Worldwide, fried food has a huge demand and good development prospects. Low oil in foods is the standard that everyone is now pursuing for a healthy diet.
Results: The oil absorption behavior of rice starch during frying was investigated in the presence or absence of fatty acids or fatty acid esters with different carbon chain lengths.
Huntington's disease is an autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disease caused by CAG expansion in exon 1 of the huntingtin (HTT) gene. Since mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein is the root cause of Huntington's disease, oligonucleotide-based therapeutic approaches using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and antisense oligonucleotides designed to specifically silence mHTT may be novel therapeutic strategies for Huntington's disease. Unfortunately, the lack of an effective in vivo delivery system remains a major obstacle to realizing the full potential of oligonucleotide therapeutics, especially regarding the delivery of oligonucleotides to the cortex and striatum, the most severely affected brain regions in Huntington's disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe pH-responsive hydrogels were obtained through successive carboxymethylation and phosphorylase elongatation of phytoglycogen and their structure and functional characterizations were investigated. Phytoglycogen (PG) was first carboxymethylated to obtain carboxymethyl phytoglycogen (CM-PG) with degree of substitution (DS) at 0.15, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPoor solubility of proteins negatively affects their functional properties and greatly limits their application. Enzymatic cross-linking with polysaccharides can improve solubility and functional properties of proteins. The enzymes used include transglutaminase, laccase and peroxidase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Previous studies showed that type 2 short bowel syndrome (SBS) rats were accompanied by severe intestinal bacterial dysbiosis. Limited data are available for intestinal fungal dysbiosis. Moreover, no effective therapeutic drugs are available for these microbiota dysbiosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFW/O/W emulsions were easily prepared by oleogelation of the oil phase using rice bran wax (RBX) and their microstructure, stability, rheology and protection of proanthocyanidins and β-carotene were investigated. Formation of the W/O/W emulsion was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy and staining of the inner aqueous phase by tartrazine. The average particle size and viscosity of the emulsion increased as the RBX concentration increased.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRNAi therapy has undergone two stages of development, direct injection of synthetic siRNAs and delivery with artificial vehicles or conjugated ligands; both have not solved the problem of efficient in vivo siRNA delivery. Here, we present a proof-of-principle strategy that reprogrammes host liver with genetic circuits to direct the synthesis and self-assembly of siRNAs into secretory exosomes and facilitate the in vivo delivery of siRNAs through circulating exosomes. By combination of different genetic circuit modules, in vivo assembled siRNAs are systematically distributed to multiple tissues or targeted to specific tissues (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHER2 amplification greatly contributes to the tumorigenesis of multiple cancers. Intronic miR-4728-5p is transcribed along with its host gene HER2. However, little is known about the role of miR-4728-5p in cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs an essential enzyme with a variety of physiological functions, Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is also closely related to carcinoma due to the observed overexpression. In this work, a novel series of sulfonamide-containing aminophosphonate derivatives (A1-A25) were developed as selective COX-2 inhibitors and anti-cancer candidates. The top hit compound A23 presented applicative COX-2 inhibitory activity (IC = 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2020
Annealing behavior of amylose and amylopectin was unclear. In this work, high purity amylose and amylopectin were extracted from rice starch, and structural properties of the retrograded rice starch, amylose, and amylopectin before and after annealing treatment were explored. It was found that the purity of the amylose and amylopectin was 95.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis work describes the reuteransucrase-catalyzed reaction and structural characterization as well as in vitro fermentation for the acceptor products of gluco-oligomers from sucrose and maltose. At a low concentration of sucrose, the production of gluco-oligomers was favored, resulting in a relatively large number of acceptor products (DP3-5). A mathematical model was also proposed to simulate gluco-oligomer production depending on the reaction conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCyclooxygenase is critical for maintaining physiological functions, whereas overexpression of COX-2 was closely implicated in various cancers. In this study, a series of novel aminophosphonate derivatives containing pyrazole moiety were synthesized with their anti-cancer activity evaluated. In vitro assays of the target compounds showed that Z21 displayed excellent COX-2 inhibitory activity against COX-2 (IC = 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo investigate effect of molecular weight distribution on formation of the short-chain amylose-lipid complex, debranched waxy rice starch (Unf) was fractionated into F1, F2 and F3, and the four fractions were used to complex with palmitic acid (C16:0). The peak molecular weight was in the order of F1 < Unf < F2 < F3, and the distribution was in the order of Unf> F3 > F1 > F2. XRD and DSC analysis indicated that the Unf-C16:0 complex was amorphous with the melting temperature (T) < 100 °C while the F3-C16:0 complex was highly ordered with T > 100 °C.
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