Dual-scale modified BiOBr with enhanced structural self-transformation at wide pH for bifunctional treatment of Cr(VI).

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) poses threat to both ecosystems and human health. Complex pollution conditions, particularly the pH levels, significantly influence the treatment process of Cr(VI). In this study, BiOBr materials were synthesized with exposed (110) facets and Bi vacancies through dual modifications at both grain and atomic scales.

Combining Sentinel-2 and diverse environmental data largely improved aboveground biomass estimation in China's boreal forests.

Accurately mapping aboveground biomass (AGB) in China's boreal forests is crucial for assessing global carbon stock and formulating forest management strategies but remains challenging as the environmental heterogeneity complicates AGB estimation. Here, we investigated the relative gains of integrating Sentinel-2 and environmental data, as well as synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images to map AGB in China's boreal forests. We used two machine learning algorithms, random forest and gradient boosting regression (GBR), and four dataset combinations to develop the AGB models, then evaluated the AGB map by carrying on uncertainty analysis and comparing it with existing AGB products.

The susceptibility assessment of debris flow hazards based on the game theory combination weighting-normal cloud model.

The susceptibility evaluation of debris flow has excellent significance for people's life and property safety. The game theory combination weighting-normal cloud model is applied to evaluate its susceptibility in the paper. Firstly, the length ratio of the supply segment (X1), the longitudinal slope of the main ditch (X2), the slope of the mountain (X3), watershed area (X4), the relative difference (X5), the vegetation coverage (X6), as well as the daily maximum rainfall (X7) are adopted as the assessment index; the game theory combination weighting-normal cloud model is introduced.

Tracing the vertical migration of exogenous cadmium in soil by seasonal freeze-thaw event using rare earth elements.

Environmental behaviors of heavy metal in soil are strongly influenced by seasonal freeze-thaw events at the mid-high altitudes. However, the potential impact mechanisms of freeze-thaw cycles on the vertical migration of heavy metal are still poor understood. This study aimed to explore how exogenous cadmium (Cd) migrated and remained in soil during the in-situ seasonal freeze-thaw action using rare earth elements (REEs) as tracers.

Effects of polyethylene microplastics on properties, enzyme activities, and the succession of microbial community in Mollisol: At the aggregate level.

Soil, as a heterogeneous body, is composed of different-sized aggregates. There is limited data available on the potential role of microplastics (MPs) in microbial properties at the soil aggregate level. In this study, changes in microbial construction and diversity in farmland bulk soil and aggregates induced by polyethylene MPs (PE-MPs) were investigated at a dose of 0.

Levels of heavy metal in soil and vegetable and associated health risk in peri-urban areas across China.

Peri-urban vegetable field plays an essential role in providing vegetables for local residents. Because of its particularity, it is affected by both industrial and agricultural activities which have led to the accumulations of heavy metal in soil. So far, information on heavy metal pollution status, spatial features, and human health risks in peri-urban vegetable areas across China is still scarce.

Enhanced Spectral Response of ZnO-Nanorod-Array-Based Ultraviolet Photodetectors by Alloying Non-Isovalent Cu-O with CuAlO P-Type Layer.

CuAlO was synthesized by a hydrothermal method, in which the Cu-O dimers were incorporated by simply altering the ratio of the reactants and the temperature. The incorporation process increases the grain size in CuAlO, and modulates the work function and binding energies for CuAlO due to the partial substitution of Cu 3d with Cu 3d orbitals in the valence band maximum by alloying non-isovalent Cu-O with a CuAlO host. Based on the ZnO nanorod arrays (NRs) ultraviolet photodetector, CuAlO/Cu-O fabricated by the low-cost drop-coating method was used as the p-type hole transport layer.

The risk assessment of rockburst intensity in the highway tunnel based on the variable fuzzy sets theory.

Rockbursts have important influences on construction safety, so the risk assessment of rockburst intensity has great significance. Firstly, the depth of the rockburst, the uniaxial compressive strength, the stress concentration coefficients, the brittleness coefficients, and the elastic energy index are selected as the evaluation index. Secondly, an assessment model is developed based on the fuzzy variable theory.

Colloid-facilitated mobilization of cadmium: Comparison of spring freeze-thaw event and autumn freeze-thaw event.

Freeze-thaw action has the potential to facilitate the mobilization of colloid-associated contaminants in soil. However, the differences in colloid-associated contaminants following autumn freeze-thaw (AFT) events and spring freeze-thaw (SFT) events remain unclear. In this study, the potential influence mechanisms of AFT and SFT on both the generation and migration of colloids and colloid-associated cadmium (Cd) in soil were explored.

Research on Trimming Frequency-Increasing Technology for Quartz Crystal Resonator Using Laser Etching.

A quartz crystal resonator (QCR) is an indispensable electronic component in the field of the modern electronics industry. By designing and depositing electrodes of different shapes and thicknesses on a quartz wafer with a certain fundamental frequency, the desired target frequency can be obtained. Affected by factors such as the deposition equipment, mask, wafer size and placement position, it is difficult to accurately obtain the target frequency at a given time, especially for mass-produced QCRs.

Freeze-thaw cycles promote vertical migration of metal oxide nanoparticles in soils.

Understanding the migration of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in soil is of great significance for evaluating the potential risks of ENPs to ecosystem. So far, their migration under freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) has not been investigated. This study explored the impacts of FTCs on the migration of three commonly used ENPs, copper oxide (CuO-NPs), cerium oxide (CeO-NPs), and zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs), in three types of soil.

Laboratory versus field soil aging: Impacts on cadmium distribution, release, and bioavailability.

To date, most studies about the aging of metals in soil were based on the controlled laboratory experiments, and few works have attempted to investigate how aging process influences the distribution and bioavailability of metals in soil under the field condition. The purpose of this study was to compare the aging of cadmium (Cd) in soils under the controlled laboratory and the field by monitoring time-dependent soil Cd speciation changes, Cd release kinetics, and Cd bioavailability to plant through the 438-day aging experiments. During the aging process, the proportions of Cd associated with the most weakly bound fraction tended to decrease, with corresponding increases in the more stable binding fractions.

Metal oxide nanoparticles facilitate the accumulation of bifenthrin in earthworms by causing damage to body cavity.

In this study, we explored the influence of two metal oxide nanoparticles, nano CuO and nano ZnO (10, 50, 250 mg/kg), on accumulation of bifenthrin (100 μg/kg) in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) and its mechanism. The concentrations of bifenthrin in earthworms from binary exposure groups (bifenthrin + CuO and bifenthrin + ZnO) reached up to 23.2 and 28.

Synthesis of magnetic graphene oxide-titanate composites for efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater: Performance and mechanism.

Magnetic graphene oxide-titanate composites (MGO@TNs) were synthesized via growing titanate nanosheets on the graphene oxide sheets with magnetite nanoparticles anchored on. The as-prepared MGO@TNs showed a hierarchical structure and large specific surface area (193.4 m/g), which were suitable for rapid and effective adsorption of Pb(II) from wastewater.

Monodisperse Carbon Nanospheres with Hierarchical Porous Structure as Electrode Material for Supercapacitor.

Carbon nanospheres with distinguishable microstructure were prepared by carbonization and subsequent KOH activation of F108/resorcinol-formaldehyde composites. The dosage of triblock copolymer Pluronic F108 is crucial to the microstructure differences. With the adding of F108, the polydisperse carbon nanospheres (PCNS) with microporous structure, monodisperse carbon nanospheres (MCNS) with hierarchical porous structure, and agglomerated carbon nanospheres (ACNS) were obtained.