Provincial-level analysis of electrification feasibility and climate policy interactions.

Improving electrification feasibility is essential for reducing emissions from non-electric energy sources, thereby enhancing air quality and public health. Concurrently, climate mitigation actions, such as carbon pricing policies, have significant potential to alleviate increasing carbon dioxide (CO) and other co-emitted air pollutants. However, the interactions between climate policy and the improvement of electrification feasibility at the provincial level remain unclear, collectively impacting the net-zero transition of energy-intensive sectors.

The impact of China's high-speed rail investment on regional economy and air pollution emissions.

The high-speed rail (HSR) network in China has experienced rapid development since the 2000s. In 2016, the State Council of the People's Republic of China issued a revised version of the "Mid- and Long-term Railway Network Plan", detailing the expansion of the railway network and construction of an HSR system. In the future, the HSR construction efforts in China will further increase, which is considered to impact regional development and air pollutant emissions.

Consumption-driven freight turnover of interprovincial trade and related air pollution emissions in China from 2007 to 2012.

Freight transport has become increasingly important regarding CO and air pollutant emissions in China but has rarely been assessed using consumption-based methods. Based on the multi-regional input-output tables of China, in this work, we use structural path analysis (SPA) to link interprovincial trade-related freight turnover to responsible sectors of final consumption. We find that from 2007 to 2012, the interprovincial trade turnover in China increased by 39% and reached 3.

Dietary Effects on Biological Parameters and Gut Microbiota of .

The multicolored Asian lady beetle (, , Coleoptera, and Coccinellidae) is an effective biocontrol agent against agricultural pests. Previous studies have suggested that amount, type, and the quality of food can directly affect the biological aspects of In this study, we investigated the influence of the food sources ( Harris, Kuwayama, and artificial diets) on the gut microbiota diversity and the biology, reproductive variables, and population growth indicators of Three kinds of diets were considered in this study: (1) HY: the adult of Harris (HY group); (2) HM: the adult of Kuwayama (HM group); (3) HR: artificial diets prepared by blending a portion of fresh homogenized pork liver (15 g), honey (3 g), distilled water (35 ml) (HR group). We found that gut microbiota composition and diversity and the biological parameters differed when was fed with different diets.

Co-Crystals of Resveratrol and Polydatin with L-Proline: Crystal Structures, Dissolution Properties, and In Vitro Cytotoxicities.

Resveratrol (RSV) and polydatin (PD) have been widely used to treat several chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and diabetes, among several others. However, their low solubility hinders their further applications. In this work, we show that the solubility of PD can be boosted via its co-crystallization with L-proline (L-Pro).

Structural Insights into the Host-Guest Complexation between β-Cyclodextrin and Bio-Conjugatable Adamantane Derivatives.

Understanding the host-guest chemistry of α-/β-/γ- cyclodextrins (CDs) and a wide range of organic species are fundamentally attractive, and are finding broad contemporary applications toward developing efficient drug delivery systems. With the widely used β-CD as the host, we herein demonstrate that its inclusion behaviors toward an array of six simple and bio-conjugatable adamantane derivatives, namely, 1-adamantanol (adm-1-OH), 2-adamantanol (adm-2-OH), adamantan-1-amine (adm-1-NH), 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid (adm-1-COOH), 1,3-adamantanedicarboxylic acid (adm-1,3-diCOOH), and 2-[3-(carboxymethyl)-1-adamantyl]acetic acid (adm-1,3-diCHCOOH), offer inclusion adducts with diverse adamantane-to-CD ratios and spatial guest locations. In all six cases, β-CD crystallizes as a pair supported by face-to-face hydrogen bonding between hydroxyl groups on C2 and C3 and their adjacent equivalents, giving rise to a truncated-cone-shaped cavity to accommodate one, two, or three adamantane derivatives.

Effects of mancozeb on citrus rhizosphere bacterial community.

Multiple and consecutive application of fungicide might damage the rhizosphere bacterial community of citrus. In order to evaluated effect of mancozeb on the chemical properties of citrus-cultivated soil and the richness and diversity of rhizosphere bacterial community. The abundance response of rhizosphere bacterial groups without application or with application of 1.

Cyclodextrin-based host-guest complexes loaded with regorafenib for colorectal cancer treatment.

The malignancy of colorectal cancer (CRC) is connected with inflammation and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), but effective therapeutics for CRC are limited. To integrate therapeutic targeting with tumor microenvironment (TME) reprogramming, here we develop biocompatible, non-covalent channel-type nanoparticles (CNPs) that are fabricated through host-guest complexation and self-assemble of mannose-modified γ-cyclodextrin (M-γ-CD) with Regorafenib (RG), RG@M-γ-CD CNPs. In addition to its carrier role, M-γ-CD serves as a targeting device and participates in TME regulation.

Enhancing the Physiochemical Properties of Puerarin via L-Proline Co-Crystallization: Synthesis, Characterization, and Dissolution Studies of Two Phases of Pharmaceutical Co-Crystals.

Puerarin (PUE) is a Chinese traditional medicine known to enhance glucose uptake into the insulin cells to downregulate the blood glucose levels in the treatment of type II diabetes. Nevertheless, the bioavailability of pristine PUE is limited due to its poor solubility and low intestinal permeability. In this work, we demonstrate that the solubility of PUE can be significantly enhanced via its co-crystallization with L-Proline (PRO).

Investigation of Solubility Behavior of Canagliflozin Hydrate Crystals Combining Crystallographic and Hirshfeld Surface Calculations.

Canagliflozin (CG) was a highly effective, selective and reversible inhibitor of sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter 2 developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The crystal structure of CG monohydrate (CG-HO) was reported for the first time while CG hemihydrate (CG-Hemi) had been reported in our previous research. Solubility and dissolution rate results showed that the solubility of CG-Hemi was 1.

On the Single-Crystal Structure of Tenofovir Alafenamide Mono-Fumarate: A Metastable Phase Featuring a Mixture of Co-Crystal and Salt.

Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is a prodrug of tenofovir as a potent nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It serves as the key component of Genvoya for the first-line treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) and is the active component of Vemlidy for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Vemlidy is also a monotherapeutic regimen formulated as TAF hemifumarate (; TAF:fumarate = 2:1).

A versatile ultrafine and super-absorptive H-modified montmorillonite: application for metabolic syndrome intervention and gastric mucosal protection.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) includes central obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia and is closely related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, involving multiple causative factors. Current drug therapies for intervention and amelioration of MetS are essential in clinical treatment of metabolic disease. In this report, we proposed an H-modified montmorillonite (H-MMT) using an acid modification method with ultrafine structure and super absorption ability as a potential drug for MetS.

Enhanced antitumour effect for hepatocellular carcinoma in the advanced stage using a cyclodextrin-sorafenib-chaperoned inclusion complex.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a hypervascular tumour characterized by tumour-driven neovascularization. The degrees of blood oxygen saturation (DBOS), microvessel density (MVD) and tumour size (TS) are indicators in identifying the development stage of HCC. Herein, we proposed an HCC staging model using HepG2 tumour-bearing mice based on DBOS, MVD and TS.

Quantitation of polymorphic impurity in entecavir polymorphic mixtures using powder X-ray diffractometry and Raman spectroscopy.

Entecavir was used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B through inhibiting hepatitis B virus. The anhydrous form of entecavir (ENT-A) often appeared as impurity polymorph in the manufacturing process of entecavir monohydrate (ENT-H) such as granulation, drying and compression. Since different crystal forms might affect drug bioavailability and therapeutic effect, it was vital to control the ENT-A content of the drug product.

Crystal structure of ()-5-chloro--({2-oxo-3-[4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phen-yl]oxazolidin-5-yl}meth-yl)thio-phene-2-carboxamide.

The asymmetric unit of the crystal of the title compound (common name rivaroxaban), CHClNO, contains two rivaroxaban mol-ecules with different conformations; the C-C-N-C torsion angles between the oxazolidine and thio-phene rings are -171.1 (7) and -106.8 (9)° in the two independent mol-ecules.

Anhydrates and hemihydrate of tasimelteon: Synthesis, structure, and pharmacokinetic study.

Two new crystal forms of tasimelteon TSM-I and TSM-II were reported here. Crystallization of crude in methanol or mixture solvent results in anhydrate crystal form (TSM-I) and hemihydrate crystal form (TSM-II) respectively. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report about crystalline form of tasimelteon.

Comparison of the crystal structures and thermochemistry of a novel soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator riociguat and its solvates.

Riociguat (Rio) is the first oral soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator to be approved for pulmonary arterial hypertension. In this study, form (II) of riociguat and three solvates with acetonitrile [form (III)], N,N-dimethylformamide [form (IV)] and ethyl acetate [form (V)] were crystallized. They were identified and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, and their crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

[Characterization and stability of S (-) pantoprazole sodium hydrates].

To study the characteristics and stability of new S(-) pantoprazole sodium hydrates. The X-ray single crystal diffractometer (SXRD), X-ray powder diffractometer (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and infrared spectrometry (IR) were used to characterize S(-) pantoprazole sodium hydrates. The stability of the hydrates was evaluated by high temperature test,affecting factors test and accelerated test.

[Preparation, characterization and antitumor of cyclodextrin inclusion of an anti-cancer drug regorafenib].

In order to improve the drug's solubility, dissolution and bioavailability, RG-β-CD, RG-γ-CD and RG-Hp-β-CD were prepared by co-crystallization between Regorafenib (RG) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) and Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (Hp-β-CD). Three inclusion complexes were prepared by recrystallization and solvent evaporation methods and characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), H nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR), nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY). experiments, tumor suppression assay were made with SW620 colon cancer cell.

[Synthesis, characterization and antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil-nicotinamide cocrystal].

To synthesize 5-fluorouracil-nicotinamide (5-FU-NCT) cocrystal and to investigate its physicochemical and biological properties. The cocrystal of 5-Fu-NCT was prepared through the cooling technology. PXRD, NMR, FTIR and DSC were used to characterize the structure of 5-FU-NCT cocrystal.

Evaluation of molecular chaperone drug function: Regorafenib and β-cyclodextrins.

Regorafenib (RG) was an oral multi-kinase inhibitor with poor water solubility. In order to enhance the drug's solubility, dissolution and bioavailability, the binary molecular chaperone drug between RG and β-cyclodetrin (β-CD) had prepared by co-crystallization. The structure of RG-β-CD was characterized by thermal analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance.

Crystal structure of vilazodone hydro-chloride methanol monosolvate.

In the title compound, CHNO·Cl·CHOH {systematic name: 4-(2-carbamoyl-1-benzo-furan-5-yl)-1-[4-(5-cyano-1-indol-3-yl)but-yl]piperazin-1-ium chloride methanol monosolvate}, the protonated piperazine ring adopts a chair conformation. The indole ring plane is nearly perpendicular to the benzo-furan ring system, with a dihedral angle of 85.77 (2)°.

[Crystal structure and crystal form stability of trelagliptin succinate].

In order to investigate trelagliptin succinate’s stability in solution, recrystallization and suspension methods in polar solvent (mainly in water and 95% alcohol) were used to study the crystal form transformation of trelagliptin succinate. Single crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction and thermalgravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry were used to characterize the structure of the solid state form before and after transformation. The results showed that trelagliptin succinate can easily convert to trelagliptin hemi-succinate mediated by solvent, especially by polar solvent, namely trelagliptin hemi-succinate is more stable than trelagliptin succinate in solution.