Reduction of bromate by biogenic sulfide produced during microbial sulfur disproportionation.

Bromate (BrO(3) (-)) is a carcinogenic contaminant formed during ozonation of waters that contain trace amounts of bromide. Previous research shows that bromate can be microbially reduced to bromide using organic (i.e.

Microbial perchlorate reduction with elemental sulfur and other inorganic electron donors.

ClO(4)(-) has recently been recognized as a widespread contaminant of surface and ground water. This research investigated chemolithotrophic perchlorate reduction by bacteria in soils and sludges utilizing inorganic electron-donating substrates such as hydrogen, elemental iron, and elemental sulfur. The bioassays were performed in anaerobic serum bottles with various inocula from anaerobic or aerobic environments.

Chemolithotrophic perchlorate reduction linked to the oxidation of elemental sulfur.

Perchlorate (ClO(4)(-)) contamination of ground and surface water has been recently recognized as a widespread environmental problem. Biological methods offer promising perspectives of perchlorate remediation. Facultative anaerobic bacteria couple the oxidation of organic and inorganic electron-donating substrates to the reduction of perchlorate as a terminal electron acceptor, converting it completely to the benign end-product, chloride.

Destruction of gas-phase trichloroethylene in a modified fuel cell.

A conventional fuel cell was used as a catalytic reactor to treat soil vapor extraction (SVE) gases contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE). The SVE gases are fed to the cathode side of the fuel cell, where TCE is reduced to ethane and hydrochloric acid. The results obtained suggest that TCE reduction occurs by a catalytic reaction with hydrogen that is re-formed on the cathode's surface beyond a certain applied cell potential.