Differences in morphology, mitochondrial genomes, and reproductive compatibility between two clades of parasitic wasps Aphelinus mali (Hymenoptera: Aphelindae) in China.

Aphelinus mali (Haldeman) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) in China is comprised of two clades (termed, the Shandong and Liaoning clades). In order to clarify the genetic relationship between these two clades, we compared and analyzed the morphological characteristics and the mitochondrial genome of each, and performed a hybridization experiment. Morphological results showed that both males and females of the Liaoning clade were larger than Shandong clade, in terms of whole body, abdominal, wing and antennal lengths, however, there were no significant differences between clades for total length of the middle or hind leg of females.

Efficacy of RNA interference using nanocarrier-based transdermal dsRNA delivery system in the woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum.

RNA interference (RNAi) is an essential approach for studying gene function and has been considered as a promising strategy for pest control. However, RNAi method has not been conducted in Woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann), one of the most damaging apple pests in the world. In the study, we investigated the efficacy of RNAi of V-ATPase subunit D (ATPD), an efficacious target for RNAi in other insects, in E.

Use of Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table to Compare the Fitness of (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Northern and Southern Host Fruits in China.

(Hendel), as a quarantine pest in many countries and regions, has shown a trend of northward diffusion in the past century in China. In order to determine whether will cause great harm to the dominant northern fruits, the age-stage two-sex life tables of peaches and apples were constructed, with oranges as the control. The results showed that the developmental rate, intrinsic rate of increase (), and finite rate of increase () on oranges and peaches were significantly greater than on apples.

EPG analysis of stylet penetration preference of woolly apple aphid on different parts of apple trees.

Woolly apple aphid (WAA), Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann), is an important global pest that feeds on Malus species. We studied the feeding preference of WAA on apple trees in the field for two consecutive years and in the laboratory we used electronic penetration graphs (EPG) to record the stylet penetration behavior of WAA on different parts of apple trees. We found that in the field WAA fed primarily on twigs and branches, not on leaves and fruits.

Loss of FZO1 gene results in changes of cell dynamics in fission yeast.

Mitochondrial fission and fusion dynamics are critical cellular processes, and abnormalities in these processes are associated with severe human disorders, such as Beckwith‑Wiedemann syndrome, neurodegenerative diseases, Charcot‑Marie‑Tooth disease type 6, multiple symmetric lipomatosis and microcephaly. Fuzzy onions protein 1 (Fzo1p) regulates mitochondrial outer membrane fusion. In the present study, Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S.

Relative Efficacy of Two Clades of Aphelinus mali (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) for Control of Woolly Apple Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in China.

Aphelinus mali (Haldeman) is an effective natural enemy used in China to control woolly apple aphid. Previous studies have found that populations of A. mali in China fall into two distinct genetic clades.

Levels of Salivary Enzymes of Apolygus Lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae), From 1st Instar Nymph to Adult, and Their Potential Relation to Bug Feeding.

In recent years, Apolygus lucorum has caused increasing damage to cotton and fruit trees in China. The salivary enzymes secreted by A. lucorum when sucking on host plants induce a series of biochemical reactions in plants, and the pre-oral digestion benefits the bug feeding.

Leucobacter populi sp. nov. isolated from a symptomatic bark of Populus × euramericana canker.

A Gram-stain positive, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive bacterial strain, designated 06C10-3-11T, was isolated from the symptomatic bark of a Populus × euramericana canker. Growth occurred at 10-45 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 6-11 (optimum, pH 7.0-8.

Invasion Genetics of Woolly Apple Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in China.

In China, the woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann), was first detected as an invasive species during the 1910s to 1930s, restricted to Shandong, Liaoning, and Yunnan Provinces. However, since the 1990s, the pest has spread into many other areas of China. To determine the possible spread routes of the recently established populations, the genetic diversity and genetic structure of 24 populations in 10 provinces were analyzed using eight microsatellite loci.

Chemical characteristics of normal, woolly apple aphid-damaged, and mechanically damaged twigs of six apple cultivars, measured in autumn wood.

Chemical characteristics of normal, woolly apple aphid-damaged, and mechanically damaged twigs of six apple cultivars: Red Fuji, Golden Delicious, Qinguan, Zhaojin 108, Starkrimson, and Red General, were examined in autumn wood to provide abetter understanding of factors related to cultivar resistance to the woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann). Chemical measures examined included soluble sugars, soluble proteins and amino acids, total phenolics, and polyphenol oxidase (that enhances the resistance of plants to insects) and superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase (that degrade waste products in plants). Soluble sugar, protein, and amino acid contents in normal (undamaged) twigs of Red Fuji, aphid-susceptible cultivar, were higher than in mechanically damaged and aphid-damaged twigs.

A luminescent Eu(III) complex based on 2-(4', 4', 4'-trifluoro-1', 3'-dioxobutyl)-dibenzothiophene for light-emitting diodes.

Complex Eu(dbt)(3)(phen) (Hdbt=2-(4', 4', 4'-trifluoro-1', 3'-dioxobutyl)-dibenzothiophene, phen=1,10-phenanthroline) was synthesized. The complex emits red luminescence, characteristic of the (5)D(0)-->(7)F(J) (J=0-4) emission bands of Eu(3+) under near ultraviolet. A red conversion light-emitting diode (LED) device was fabricated by coating complex onto InGaN-based-LED chip that emits 395nm ultraviolet light.