Transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing unveils the role of vitamin D and metabolic flux shifts in the induction of human hepatic organoids.

Background: Hepatic organoids (HOs), validated through comparative sequencing with human liver tissues, are reliable models for liver research. Comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing of HOs throughout their induction period will enhance the platform's utility, aiding in the elucidation of liver development's molecular mechanisms.

Methods: We developed hepatic organoids (HOs) from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) through a de novo induction protocol, mimicking the stages of fetal liver development: ESCs to definitive endoderm (DE), then to foregut (FG), hepatoblasts (HB), and finally to HOs stage 1 (HO1), culminating in self-organizing HOs stage 2 (HO2) via dissociation and re-inoculation.

The Prognostic and Risk Factors for Children With High-Risk Mature B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Backgrounds And Aims: Our previous study (CCCG-BNHL-2015) reported the treatment strategies and outcomes of pediatric B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) in China which showed that children in low-risk groups already have a dramatically favorable prognosis. However, for high-risk groups, the prognosis still needs to be improved. In this study, we aimed to identify the factors influencing prognosis in high-risk groups (stage III and stage IV).

Accessibility of and Barriers to Long-Term Follow-Up Care for Childhood Cancer Survivors.

Importance: Childhood cancer survivorship programs and long-term follow-up (LTFU) practices are inadequate in most regions of China.

Objective: To understand the clinician and caregiver perceptions of LTFU care and to identify barriers to adherence to LTFU care in mainland China.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This survey study had a 2-phase sequential mixed-methods approach, consisting of a cross-sectional survey followed by semistructured interviews.

Intraovarian injection of 3D-MSC-EVs-ECM gel significantly improved rat ovarian function after chemotherapy.

Background: Restoring the function of the ovary is important for chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure (COF) patients. Stem cell and extracellular vesicles (EVs) therapy show promise but need further improvement.

Methods: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were primarily cultured and further three-dimensional (3D) cultured using an ultra-low attachment surface method.

Efficacy and safety of recombinant human thrombopoietin for the treatment of chronic primary immune thrombocytopenia in children and adolescents: A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial.

The efficacy and safety of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) in children and adolescent patients with chronic primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) remains unclear. A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial was performed. Patients aged 6-17 years, diagnosed with ITP and resistant or relapsed to corticosteroid treatment were included.

Extracellular vesicles derived from HuMSCs alleviate daunorubicin-induced cardiac microvascular injury via miR-186-5p/PARP9/STAT1 signal pathway.

Introduction: It is essential to acknowledge that the cardiovascular toxicity associated with anthracycline drugs can be partially attributed to the damage inflicted on blood vessels and endothelial cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to repair cellular processes and promote tissue regeneration through the transfer of signaling molecules such as miRNAs. In the present study, we investigated the effects of MSC-EVs on daunorubicin (DNR)-damaged human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMEC) and developing blood vessels of Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) in vivo.

Effect of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors on the growth in children with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case-control study.

Background: First-generation ABL-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib is known to retard growth in children but it is not known if the second-generation ABL-targeted TKI dasatinib has the same effect. We aimed to determine the impact of the first- or second-generation TKI on the growth of children treated for Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph) childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods: We evaluated the longitudinal growth changes in 140 children with Ph ALL treated with imatinib or dasatinib in additional to intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy and 280 matched controls treated with the same intensity of cytotoxic chemotherapy without TKI on Chinese Children's Cancer Group ALL-2015 protocol between 2015 and 2019.

Homoharringtonine-Based Induction Regimen Improved the Remission Rate and Survival Rate in Chinese Childhood AML: A Report From the CCLG-AML 2015 Protocol Study.

Purpose: Homoharringtonine (HHT) is commonly used for the treatment of Chinese adult AML, and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been verified in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, the efficacy and safety of HHT-based induction therapy have not been confirmed for childhood AML, and ATRA-based treatment has not been evaluated among patients with non-APL AML.

Patients And Methods: This open-label, multicenter, randomized Chinese Children's Leukemia Group-AML 2015 study was performed across 35 centers in China.

1,5-AG suppresses pro-inflammatory polarization of macrophages and promotes the survival of B-ALL in vitro by upregulating CXCL14.

B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is one of the most common malignancies in children. Despite advances in treatment, the role of the tumor microenvironment in B-ALL remains poorly understood. Among the key components of the immune microenvironment, macrophages play a critical role in the progression of the disease.

1,5-Anhydroglucitol promotes pre-B acute lymphocytic leukemia progression by driving glycolysis and reactive oxygen species formation.

Background: Precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pre-B ALL) is the most common hematological malignancy in children. Cellular metabolic reorganization is closely related to the progression and treatment of leukemia. We found that the level of 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG), which is structurally similar to glucose, was elevated in children with pre-B ALL.

Three-dimensional culture of rat ovarian granulosa cells shows increased SPP1 and FGF7 expression through the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Ovarian granulosa cells (OGCs) play an essential role in the regulation of follicular growth and development. However, previous studies of OGCs have concentrated on traditional 2D cultures. In the present study, we used the hanging drop culture method to culture rat OGCs (rOGCs) and assessed the effects of 3D conditions on their proliferation and gene expression profiles.

Interleukin-6 in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: Host biomarkers and cytokines help in the prediction of disease severity in adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Accurate assessment of pathogens and disease severity is essential to clinical decision-making. There are few validated prognostic tools in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage for children with CAP to assist with proper decision and management.

Intratracheal administration of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuates hyperoxia-induced multi-organ injury heme oxygenase-1 and JAK/STAT pathways.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is not merely a chronic lung disease, but a systemic condition with multiple organs implications predominantly associated with hyperoxia exposure. Despite advances in current management strategies, limited progress has been made in reducing the BPD-related systemic damage. Meanwhile, although the protective effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) or their exosomes on hyperoxia-induced lung injury have been explored by many researchers, the underlying mechanism has not been addressed in detail, and few studies have focused on the therapeutic effect on systemic multiple organ injury.

Extended vincristine and dexamethasone pulse therapy may not be necessary for children with TCF3-PBX1 positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

The effect of prolonged pulse therapy with vincristine and dexamethasone (VD) during maintenance therapy on the outcome of paediatric patients with TCF3-PBX1 positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) remains uncertain. We conducted non-inferiority analysis of 263 newly diagnosed TCF3-PBX1 positive ALL children who were stratified and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive seven additional VD pulses (the control group) or not (the experimental group) in the CCCG-ALL-2015 clinical trial from January 2015 to December 2019 (ChiCTR-IPR-14005706). There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups.

Cryo-Temperature Pretreatment Increases the Pro-Angiogenic Capacity of Three-Dimensional Mesenchymal Stem Cells the PI3K-AKT Pathway.

To increase the potential and effectiveness of three-dimensional (3D) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for clinical applications, this study explored the effects of short cryo-temperature pretreatment on MSC function. Adipose-derived MSCs (A-MSCs) were cultured via the ordinary monolayer method and 3D hanging drop spheroid method. When the cells adhered to the wall or formed a spheroid, they were subjected to hypothermic stress at 4°C for 1 h and then divided into three recovery periods at 37°C, specifically 0, 12, and 24 h.

[Effect of miltirone on proliferation and apoptosis of leukemia THP-1 cells].

To investigate the toxicity and related mechanism of miltirone to human acute myeloid leukemia THP-1 cells. To be specific, the active components and targets of miltirone were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP), and the target proteins were converted into standard gene names with UniProt. Acute leukemia-rela-ted target genes were screened from GeneCards and DisGeNET.

Cord Blood Natural Killer Cells Inhibit Sepsis Caused by Feces-Induced Acute Peritonitis via Increasing Endothelium Integrity.

Sepsis is associated with acute peritonitis, which can be induced by lipopolysaccharide exposure and feces. Generally, lipopolysaccharide induces mono-microbial peritonitis, whereas feces cause poly-microbial peritonitis; the latter is a more complicated and closer to the clinical diseases. Although several reports have discussed the mechanism of immune response in peritonitis-induced sepsis, however, the role of natural killer (NK) cells in sepsis, especially the relationship between NK cells and stabilization of the vascular endothelial barrier, is still unclear.