SLC24A-mediated calcium exchange as an indispensable component of the diatom cell density-driven signaling pathway.

Diatom bloom is characterized by a rapid increase of population density. Perception of population density and physiological responses can significantly influence their survival strategies, subsequently impacting bloom fate. The population density itself can serve as a signal, which is perceived through chemical signals or chlorophyll fluorescence signals triggered by high cell density, and their intracellular signaling mechanisms remain to be elucidated.

Transcriptomic and metabolic signatures of diatom plasticity to light fluctuations.

Unlike in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, light fields in oceans fluctuate due to both horizontal current and vertical mixing. Diatoms thrive and dominate the phytoplankton community in these fluctuating light fields. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate diatom acclimation and adaptation to light fluctuations are poorly understood.

Chlorophyll fluorescence as a light signal enhances iron uptake by the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum under high-cell density conditions.

Background: Diatoms usually dominate phytoplankton blooms in open oceans, exhibiting extremely high population densities. Although the iron uptake rate of diatoms largely determines the magnitude and longevity of diatom blooms, the underlying mechanisms regulating iron uptake remain unclear.

Results: The transcription of two iron uptake proteins, ISIP2a and ISIP1, in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum was enhanced with increasing cell density, whereas the cellular iron content showed the opposite trend.

[Heat-sensitive moxibustion combined with western medication for low back pain of osteoporosis with kidney- deficiency: a randomized controlled trial].

Objective: To compare the clinical therapeutic effect between heat-sensitive moxibustion combined with western medication and simple western medication for low back pain of osteoporosis with kidney- deficiency.

Methods: A total of 60 patients with osteoporosis were randomized into an observation group (32 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (32 cases, 3 cases dropped off). In the control group, alendronate sodium tablet and calcium carbonate and vitamin D tablet were taken orally.

Co-suppression in Pyropia yezoensis (Rhodophyta) Reveals the Role of PyLHCI in Light Harvesting and Generation Switch.

The red macroalga Pyropia yezoensis is an economically important seaweed widely cultured in Asian countries and is a model organism for molecular biological and commercial research. This species is unique in that it utilizes both phycobilisomes and transmembrane light-harvesting proteins as its antenna system. Here, one of the genes of P.

The carbonate concentration mechanism of Pyropia yezoensis (Rhodophyta): evidence from transcriptomics and biochemical data.

Background: Pyropia yezoensis (Rhodophyta) is widely cultivated in East Asia and plays important economic, ecological and research roles. Although inorganic carbon utilization of P. yezoensis has been investigated from a physiological aspect, the carbon concentration mechanism (CCM) of P.

Provision of carbon skeleton for lipid synthesis from the breakdown of intracellular protein and soluble sugar in Phaeodactylum tricornutum under high CO.

Background: Increasing CO emissions have resulted in ocean acidification, affecting marine plant photosynthesis and changing the nutrient composition of marine ecosystems. The physiological and biochemical processes of marine phytoplankton in response to ocean acidification have been reported, but have been mainly focused on growth and photosynthetic physiology. To acquire a thorough knowledge of the molecular regulation mechanisms, model species with clear genetic background should be selected for systematic study.

Regulation of Ferredoxin-NADP Oxidoreductase to Cyclic Electron Transport in High Salinity Stressed .

can survive the severe water loss that occurs during low tide, making it an ideal species to investigate the acclimation mechanism of intertidal seaweed to special extreme environments. In this study, we determined the effects of high salinity on photosynthesis using increasing salinity around algal tissues. Both electron transport rates, ETR (I) and ETR (II), showed continuous decreases as the salinity increased.

Photorespiration participates in the assimilation of acetate in Chlorella sorokiniana under high light.

The development of microalgae on an industrial scale largely depends on the economic feasibility of mass production. High light induces productive suspensions during cultivation in a tubular photobioreactor. Herein, we report that high light, which inhibited the growth of Chlorella sorokiniana under autotrophic conditions, enhanced the growth of this alga in the presence of acetate.

[Efficacy comparison of lumber disc herniation treated with mild moxibustion at Yaoyangguan (GV 3) under different conditions].

Objective: To compare the difference in clinical efficacy on lumber disc herniation (LDH) treated with Yaoyangguan (GV 3) between mild moxibustion under thermosensitive condition and that under non-thermo-sensitive condition.

Methods: Fifty-seven LDH patients were selected as the study objects. Mild moxibustion at Yaoyangguan (GV 3) was applied for 45 min each time.

[Clinical effect of different schemes of mild moxibustion for treatment of knee osteoarthritis].

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of different schemes of mild moxibustion for treatment of (yang-deficiency induced cold-accumulation type)knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Methods: Fifty-nine KOA patients were chosen and randomly divided into control group (n =30) and test group (n =29). Patients of the control group were treated by mild moxi- bustion of Neixiyan (EX-HE4) and Waixiyan (ST 35) for 30 min, once daily for 14 days (two courses), and those of the test group were treated by mild moxibustion of EX-HE 4 and ST 35 for 30 mini once daily for 7 days (the same to control group), followed by moxibustion of Yaoyangguan (GV 3) and Mingmen (GV 4) once daily for next 7 days more.

Quantitative proteomic analysis of thylakoid from two microalgae (Haematococcus pluvialis and Dunaliella salina) reveals two different high light-responsive strategies.

Under high light (HL) stress, astaxanthin-accumulating Haematococcus pluvialis and β-carotene-accumulating Dunaliella salina showed different responsive patterns. To elucidate cellular-regulating strategies photosynthetically and metabolically, thylakoid membrane proteins in H. pluvialis and D.

[Exploration on sensation positioning method of heat-sensitive moxibustion: the inheritance and development of ashi method].

From original concept and literature of acupoint, the concept and clinical significance of ashi method is discussed, which clarifies that the essence of ashi method is to locate the acupoints by patients' sensitivity on force. The clinical application of heat-sensitive moxibustion has illustrated that positioning method of this therapy is based on the appearance of heat-sensitive moxibustion sensation. Although both types are based on patients' feeling, positioning method of heat-sensitive moxibustion stands on a new angle and uses a new method to locate acupoint.

Desiccation enhances phosphorylation of PSII and affects the distribution of protein complexes in the thylakoid membrane.

Desiccation has significant effects on photosynthetic processes in intertidal macro-algae. We studied an intertidal macro-alga, Ulva sp., which can tolerate desiccation, to investigate changes in photosynthetic performance and the components and structure of thylakoid membrane proteins in response to desiccation.

Positive correlation between PSI response and oxidative pentose phosphate pathway activity during salt stress in an intertidal macroalga.

Studies have demonstrated that photosynthetic limitations and starch degradation are responses to stress; however, the relationship between the two is seldom described in detail. In this article, the effects of salt stress on photosynthesis, the levels of NADPH and total RNA, the starch content and the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and ribulose-5-phosphate kinase (RPK) were evaluated. In thalli that underwent salt treatments, the cyclic electron flow through PSI showed greater stress tolerance than the flow through PSII.

Photosystem I shows a higher tolerance to sorbitol-induced osmotic stress than photosystem II in the intertidal macro-algae Ulva prolifera (Chlorophyta).

The photosynthetic performance of the desiccation-tolerant, intertidal macro-algae Ulva prolifera was significantly affected by sorbitol-induced osmotic stress. Our results showed that photosynthetic activity decreased significantly with increases in sorbitol concentration. Although the partial activity of both photosystem I (PS I) and photosystem II (PS II) was able to recover after 30 min of rehydration, the activity of PS II decreased more rapidly than PS I.

[Relationship between patients' sensitivity to moxibustion stimulation and clinical effect in the treatment of peripheral facial palsy].

Objective: To compare the outcome difference between the heat-sensitive and non-sensitive moxibustion stimulation of Yifeng (TE 17) in the treatment of peripheral facial palsy.

Methods: A total of 43 patients with peripheral facial paralysis were divided into heat-sensitive moxibustion (n = 21) and non-sensitive moxibustion (n = 22) groups in accordance with their reactions to moxa-heat stimulation. Mild moxibustion was applied to bilateral Yifeng (TE 17) for 45 minutes, followed by mild acupuncture stimulation of Cuanzhu (BL 2), Yangbai (GB 14), Sibai (ST 2), Hegu (LI 4), etc.

Silicon enhances the growth of Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin under green light and low temperature.

Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin is an ideal model diatom; its complete genome is known, and it is an important economic microalgae. Although silicon is not required in laboratory and factory culture of this species, previous studies have shown that silicon starvation can lead to differential expression of miRNAs. The role that silicon plays in P.

Alternative electron transports participate in the maintenance of violaxanthin De-epoxidase activity of Ulva sp. under low irradiance.

The xanthophyll cycle (Xc), which involves violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) and the zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP), is one of the most rapid and efficient responses of plant and algae to high irradiance. High light intensity can activate VDE to convert violaxanthin (Vx) to zeaxanthin (Zx) via antheraxanthin (Ax). However, it remains unclear whether VDE remains active under low light or dark conditions when there is no significant accumulation of Ax and Zx, and if so, how the ΔpH required for activation of VDE is built.

Desiccation induces accumulations of antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin in intertidal macro-alga Ulva pertusa (Chlorophyta).

For plants and algae, exposure to high light levels is deleterious to their photosynthetic machineries. It also can accelerate water evaporation and thus potentially lead to drought stress. Most photosynthetic organisms protect themselves against high light caused photodamages by xanthophyll cycle-dependent thermal energy dissipation.

Comparison of different cells of Haematococcus pluvialis reveals an extensive acclimation mechanism during its aging process: from a perspective of photosynthesis.

Both biomass dominated green vegetative cells (GV) and astaxanthin-dominated orange resting cells (OR) affect the final astaxanthin yield in industry. Examination of Haematococcus pluvialis revealed that the OR cells greatly varied from the GV cells at both cellular and subcellular levels. In particular, the thylakoid membranes in the OR were disassembled and fragmented.

The physiological links of the increased photosystem II activity in moderately desiccated Porphyra haitanensis (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) to the cyclic electron flow during desiccation and re-hydration.

Photosynthetic electron flow changed considerably during desiccation and re-hydration of the intertidal macroalgae Porphyra haitanensis. Activities of both photosystem (PSI) and photosystem (PSII) increased significantly at moderate desiccation levels. Whereas PSII activity was abolished at an absolute water content (AWC) <24 %, PSI remained active with progressive decreases in AWC to values as low as 16 %.