Using ultrasound guided needle biopsy in conjunction with GeneXpert MTB/RIF to diagnose epididymal tuberculosis.

This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic utility of percutaneous ultrasound-guided needle biopsy conjunction with GeneXpert MTB/RIF for epididymal tuberculosis. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the pathological and laboratory examinations of 20 patients with epididymal lesions undergoing ultrasound guided biopsy at Shandong Public Health Clinical Center. Laboratory examination included acid-fast staining, Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture by BACTEC MGIT 960, and GeneXpert MTB/RIF test.

Significance of native PLGA nanoparticles in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease pathology.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is believed to be triggered by increased levels/aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides. At present, there is no effective disease-modifying treatment for AD. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of FDA-approved native poly(d,l-lactide--glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles on Aβ aggregation and in cellular/animal models of AD.

Highly emissive spaceborne blackbody radiation source based on light capture.

Highly emissive spaceborne blackbody radiation sources are important devices for infrared value traceability by providing accurate infrared radiation to calibrate infrared load. To meet the needs of the radiation calibration accuracy needed for infrared remote sensing, this paper proposes a highly emissive blackbody that uses cubic reflection and an absorption method based on light capture. An emissivity simulation based on ray tracing was carried out.

Acute SGLT-2i treatment improves cardiac efficiency during myocardial ischemia independent of Na/H exchanger-1.

Aims: Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) demonstrate cardioprotective benefits independent of a glucose lowering effect including preservation of cardiac function during a myocardial ischemia. Sodium‑hydrogen exchanger-1 (NHE-1), has been hypothesized to contribute to the cardiac effects of SGLT2i. We characterized the beneficial effects of acute pre-ischemia exposure to SGLT2i and explored the possibility that these effects are explained by NHE-1 inhibition.

Research on a Partial Aperture Factor Measurement Method for the AGRI Onboard Calibration Assembly.

A partial aperture onboard calibration method can solve the onboard calibration problems of some large aperture remote sensors, which is of great significance for the development trend of increasingly large apertures in optical remote sensors. In this paper, the solar diffuser reflectance degradation monitor (SDRDM) in the onboard calibration assembly (CA) of the FengYun-4 (FY-4) advanced geostationary radiance imager (AGRI) was used as the reference radiometer. It was designed for measuring the partial aperture factor (PAF) for the AGRI onboard calibration.

Sustainable and Green Synthesis of Waste-Biomass-Derived Carbon Dots for Parallel and Semi-Quantitative Visual Detection of Cr(VI) and Fe.

Carbon dot (CD)-based multi-mode sensing has drawn much attention owing to its wider application range and higher availability compared with single-mode sensing. Herein, a simple and green methodology to construct a CD-based dual-mode fluorescent sensor from the waste biomass of flowers of wintersweet (FW-CDs) for parallel and semi-quantitative visual detection of Cr(VI) and Fe was firstly reported. The FW-CD fluorescent probe had a high sensitivity to Cr(VI) and Fe with wide ranges of linearity from 0.

Permissive role of Na/H exchanger isoform 1 in migration and invasion of triple-negative basal-like breast cancer cells.

In breast cancer, it is the resulting metastasis that is the primary cause of fatality. pH regulatory proteins and the tumor microenvironment play an important role in metastasis of cancer cells and acid-extruding proteins are critical in this process. There are several types of breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer tends to be more metastatic and invasive and is itself is composed of several types.

Roles of the Na/H Exchanger Isoform 1 and Urokinase in Prostate Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion.

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-associated deaths in men over 60 years of age. Most patients are killed by tumor metastasis. Recent evidence has implicated a role of the tumor microenvironment and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis.

Amino Acids 785, 787 of the Na/H Exchanger Cytoplasmic Tail Modulate Protein Activity and Tail Conformation.

The mammalian Na/H exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) is a plasma membrane protein ubiquitously present in humans. It regulates intracellular pH by removing an intracellular proton in exchange for an extracellular sodium. It consists of a 500 amino acid membrane domain plus a 315 amino acid, regulatory cytosolic tail.

Effects of acrylonitrile on apoptosis of rat cerebral nerve cells.

The brain, especially the hippocampus, is sensitive to damage caused by anoxic chemicals. In this study, we established a rat model of acrylonitrile poisoning with administration by gavage, aiming to determine the influence of acrylonitrile on rat cerebral nerve cells. Transmission electron microscopy observation and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) staining were used to explore preliminarily the apoptotic changes of cerebral nerve cells.

Characterization of modeled inhibitory binding sites on isoform one of the Na/H exchanger.

Mammalian Na/H exchanger isoform one (NHE1) is a plasma membrane protein responsible for pH regulation in mammalian cells. Excess activity of the protein promotes heart disease and is a trigger of metastasis in cancer. Inhibitors of the protein exist but problems in specificity have delayed their clinical application.

Polydopamine-Assisted Rapid One-Step Immobilization of L-Arginine in Capillary as Immobilized Chiral Ligands for Enantioseparation of Dansyl Amino Acids by Chiral Ligand Exchange Capillary Electrochromatography.

Herein, a novel L-arginine (L-Arg)-modified polydopamine (PDA)-coated capillary (PDA/L-Arg@capillary) was firstly fabricated via the basic amino-acid-induced PDA co-deposition strategy and employed to constitute a new chiral ligand exchange capillary electrochromatography (CLE-CEC) method for the high-performance enantioseparation of D,L-amino acids (D,L-AAs) with L-Arg as the immobilized chiral ligand coordinating with the central metal ion Zn(II) as running buffer. Assisted by hydrothermal treatment, the robust immobilization of L-Arg on the capillary inner wall could be facilely achieved within 1 h, prominently improving the synthesis efficiency and simplifying the preparation procedure. The successful preparation of PDA/L-Arg coatings in the capillary was systematically characterized and confirmed using several methods.

Screening of 5- and 6-Substituted Amiloride Libraries Identifies Dual-uPA/NHE1 Active and Single Target-Selective Inhibitors.

The K-sparing diuretic amiloride shows off-target anti-cancer effects in multiple rodent models. These effects arise from the inhibition of two distinct cancer targets: the trypsin-like serine protease urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), a cell-surface mediator of matrix degradation and tumor cell invasiveness, and the sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform-1 (NHE1), a central regulator of transmembrane H that supports carcinogenic progression. In this study, we co-screened our library of 5- and 6-substituted amilorides against these two targets, aiming to identify single-target selective and dual-targeting inhibitors for use as complementary pharmacological probes.

Rainbow Trout () Na/H Exchangers tNhe3a and tNhe3b Display Unique Inhibitory Profiles Dissimilar from Mammalian NHE Isoforms.

Freshwater fishes maintain an internal osmolality of ~300 mOsm, while living in dilute environments ranging from 0 to 50 mOsm. This osmotic challenge is met at least partially, by Na/H exchangers (NHE) of fish gill and kidney. In this study, we cloned, expressed, and pharmacologically characterized fish-specific Nhes of the commercially important species .

CRISPR/Cas9-Engineered Universal CD19/CD22 Dual-Targeted CAR-T Cell Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Purpose: Autologous chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is an effective treatment for relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (r/r ALL). However, certain characteristics of autologous CAR-T cells can delay treatment availability. Relapse caused by antigen escape after single-targeted CAR-T therapy is another issue.

Amino Acids 563-566 of the Na/H Exchanger Isoform 1 C-Terminal Cytosolic Tail Prevent Protein Degradation and Stabilize Protein Expression and Activity.

Isoform one of the mammalian Na/H exchanger is a plasma membrane protein that is ubiquitously present in humans. It regulates intracellular pH through the removal of one intracellular proton in exchange for a single extracellular sodium. It consists of a 500 amino acid membrane domain plus a 315 amino acid, C-terminal tail.

Acidic residues of extracellular loop 3 of the Na/H exchanger type 1 are important in cation transport.

Mammalian Na/H exchanger type I isoform (NHE1) is a ubiquitously expressed membrane protein that regulates intracellular pH (pHi) by removing one intracellular proton in exchange for one extracellular sodium ion. Abnormal activity of the protein occurs in cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of negatively charged amino acids of extracellular loop 3 (EL3) in the activity of the NHE protein.

Diverse residues of intracellular loop 5 of the Na/H exchanger modulate proton sensing, expression, activity and targeting.

The mammalian Na/H exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) is an integral membrane protein that regulates intracellular pH (pH) by removing a single intracellular proton in exchange for one extracellular sodium ion. It is involved in cardiac hypertrophy and ischemia reperfusion damage to the heart and elevation of its activity is a trigger for breast cancer metastasis. NHE1 has an extensive 500 amino acid N-terminal membrane domain that mediates transport and consists of 12 transmembrane segments connected by intracellular and extracellular loops.

The value of APACHE II in predicting mortality after paraquat poisoning in Chinese and Korean population: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score is used to determine disease severity and predict outcomes in critically ill patients. However, the prognostic significance of APACHE after acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning remains unclear. The meta-analysis was aimed to study the value of APACHE II in predicting mortality in PQ-exposed Chinese and Korean patients.

Stop Codon Polymorphisms in the Human SLC9A1 Gene Disrupt or Compromise Na+/H+ Exchanger Function.

The NHE1 isoform of the mammalian Na+/H+ exchanger is a ubiquitous plasma membrane protein that regulates intracellular pH in mammalian cells by removing one intracellular proton in exchange for one extracellular sodium. Deletion of the NHE1 gene (SLC9A1) affects the growth and motor ability of mice and humans but mutations and polymorphisms of the gene are only beginning to be characterized. NHE1 has a cytosolic C-terminal regulatory tail of approximately 315 amino acids and a 500 amino acid membrane domain.

Activation of the Na/H exchanger in isolated cardiomyocytes through β-Raf dependent pathways. Role of Thr of the cytosolic tail.

The mammalian Na/H exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) is a ubiquitous plasma membrane protein that is a key regulator of intracellular pH in isolated cardiomyocytes. A 500 amino acid membrane domain removes protons and is regulated by a 315 amino acid cytosolic domain. In the myocardium, aberrant regulation of NHE1 contributes to ischemia reperfusion damage and to heart hypertrophy.

Darwin's Pangenesis as a molecular theory of inherited diseases.

Darwin spent much time and effort on the study of inherited diseases and the role of environment in disease development. To explain inherited diseases and a considerable variety of other hereditary phenomena, he formulated a Pangenesis hypothesis, assuming that cells could shed many kinds of molecules capable of diffusion from cell to cell, circulation throughout the body, incorporation into recipient cells, and transmission from parents to offspring. His Pangenesis is now supported by the discovery of circulating DNA, mobile RNAs and prions, and might provide an alternative molecular mechanism underlying the inherited diseases.

Darwin and Mendel today: a comment on "Limits of imagination: the 150th Anniversary of Mendel's Laws, and why Mendel failed to see the importance of his discovery for Darwin's theory of evolution".

We comment on a recent paper by Rama Singh, who concludes that Mendel deserved to be called the father of genetics, and Darwin would not have understood the significance of Mendel's paper had he read it. We argue that Darwin should have been regarded as the father of genetics not only because he was the first to formulate a unifying theory of heredity, variation, and development -- Pangenesis, but also because he clearly described almost all genetical phenomena of fundamental importance, including what he called "prepotency" and what we now call "dominance" or "Mendelian inheritance". The word "gene" evolved from Darwin's imagined "gemmules", instead of Mendel's so-called "factors".