Comparative 3D finite element analysis of intramedullary fixation versus locking plate fixation in calcaneal fractures using micro-CT image technology.

Objective: Calcaneal fracture fixation remains a challenging procedure in orthopedics, with computational tools increasingly aiding in the optimization of preoperative planning. To compare the biomechanical stability of intramedullary fixation and locking plate fixation for Sanders II and III calcaneal fractures by three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis and to provide a theoretical basis for clinical application.

Methods: The Computed Tomography (CT) images were segmented using Mimics software (Materialise NV, Belgium) to identify the region of interest based on threshold segmentation.

Enhanced multi-scale trademark element detection using the improved DETR.

The exponential growth in the number of registered trademarks, coupled with the escalating incidents of trademark infringement, has made the automatic detection of such infractions a crucial area of study in the domain of market regulation. In light of the diverse range of elements and the pervasive presence of small targets in trademark images, we present an enhanced version of the DETR-based Multi-Scale Trademark Element Detection Network (MSTED-Net). Our primary innovation lies in incorporating a dual fusion mechanism that integrates the Spatial Attention Module (SAM) and Global Context Network (GCNet) within the backbone network, thereby providing a more robust approach to capture the essential characteristics of the trademark images under investigation.

[Retracted] Carnosol inhibits osteoclastogenesis and by blocking the RANKL‑induced NF‑κB signaling pathway.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that one of the data panels in Fig. 3A on p. 6, showing how carnosol inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in the early stage of differentiation,  was strikingly similar to data that had already been submitted for publication in another article in the journal written by different authors at different research institutes.

SrHPO-coated Mg alloy implant attenuates postoperative pain by suppressing osteoclast-induced sensory innervation in osteoporotic fractures.

Osteoporotic fractures have become a common public health problem and are usually accompanied by chronic pain. Mg and Mg-based alloys are considered the next-generation orthopedic implants for their excellent osteogenic inductivity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. However, Mg-based alloy can initiate aberrant activation of osteoclasts and modulate sensory innervation into bone callus resulting in postoperative pain at the sequential stage of osteoporotic fracture healing.

Advances in magnesium-containing bioceramics for bone repair.

Reconstruction of bone defects or fractures caused by ageing, trauma and tumour resection is still a great challenge in clinical treatment. Although autologous bone graft is considered as gold standard, the source of natural bone is limited. In recent years, regenerative therapy based on bioactive materials has been proposed for bone reconstruction.

Heterogeneous DNA hydrogel loaded with Apt02 modified tetrahedral framework nucleic acid accelerated critical-size bone defect repair.

Segmental bone defects, stemming from trauma, infection, and tumors, pose formidable clinical challenges. Traditional bone repair materials, such as autologous and allogeneic bone grafts, grapple with limitations including source scarcity and immune rejection risks. The advent of nucleic acid nanotechnology, particularly the use of DNA hydrogels in tissue engineering, presents a promising solution, attributed to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and programmability.

Dual-network DNA-silk fibroin hydrogels with controllable surface rigidity for regulating chondrogenic differentiation.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease known for cartilage degeneration, leading to a substantial burden on individuals and society due to its high disability rate. However, current clinical treatments for cartilage defects remain unsatisfactory due to the unclear mechanisms underlying cartilage regeneration. Tissue engineering hydrogels have emerged as an attractive approach in cartilage repair.

Icaritin ameliorates RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis and ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis.

A rapidly aging society and longer life expectancy are causing osteoporosis to become a global epidemic. Over the last five decades, a number of drugs aimed at reducing bone resorption or restoring bone mass have been developed, but their efficacy and safety are limited. Icaritin (ICT) is a natural compound extracted from anti-osteoporosis herb spp.

Locking plate fixation versus intramedullary nail fixation for the treatment of multifragmentary proximal humerus fractures (OTA/AO type 11C): a preliminary comparison of clinical efficacy.

Background: This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of locking plate and intramedullary nail fixations in the treatment of patients with OTA/AO type 11C proximal humerus fractures.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with OTA/AO type 11C1.1 and 11C3.

Ultrasound-triggered gelation with ROS-controlled drug release for cartilage repair.

Cartilage defects are usually caused by acute trauma and chronic degeneration. However, it is still a great challenge to improve the repair of articular cartilage defects due to the limited self-regeneration capacity of such defects. Herein, a novel ROS-responsive nanocomposite hydrogel loaded with kartogenin (KGN) and bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) was designed and constructed the enzymatic reaction of fibrinogen and thrombin.

Second near-infrared photoactivatable nanomedicines for enhanced photothermal-chemodynamic therapy of cancer.

Nanomedicines have been widely used for cancer therapy, while controlling their activity for effective and safe treatment remains a big challenge. Herein, we report the development of a second near-infrared (NIR-II) photoactivatable enzyme-loaded nanomedicine for enhanced cancer therapy. Such a hybrid nanomedicine contains a thermoresponsive liposome shell loaded with copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs) and glucose oxidase (GOx).

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation by Volar Locking Plates and the "Poking Reduction" Technique in Distal Radius Fractures with Displaced Dorsal Ulnar Fragments: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: To investigate the clinical and radiological outcomes of distal radius fractures (DRFs) with displaced dorsal ulnar fragments treated with volar locking plate (VLP) and the "poking reduction" technique.

Methods: Between January 2014 and January 2019, 78 unilateral DRFs with displaced dorsal ulnar fragment (AO type C3) treated with VLP were conducted. According to the reduction technique of the dorsal ulnar fragment, the patients were divided into the conventional reduction (CRG) group (33 patients, 14 males and 19 females, mean age 57.

Ancillary ligand effects on α-olefin polymerization catalyzed by zirconium metallocene: a computational study.

The polymerization of α-olefins catalyzed by zirconium metallocene catalyst was systematically studied through experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Having achieved an agreement between theory and experiment, it was found that the effect of the catalyst ligand on the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C insertion reaction was significantly greater than that on the β-H elimination reaction. Therefore, the molecular weight of polymers can be increased by improving the activity of the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C insertion.

Intramedullary Nail Fixation by Suprapatellar and Infrapatellar Approaches for Treatment of Distal Tibial Fractures.

Objective: To compare the functional and alignment outcomes of intramedullary nail fixation using suprapatellar and infrapatellar approaches in treating distal tibial fractures.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 132 patients with distal tibial fractures (87 men, 45 women) ranging in age from 20 to 66 years were treated with intramedullary nails using the suprapatellar (69 patients) or infrapatellar (63 patients) approach. The radiographic alignment outcomes and ankle function were compared between the two groups.

Protective Role of β-Sitosterol in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis in Rats Via the RANKL/OPG Pathway.

Introduction: Osteoporosis affects approximately 10% of the population worldwide. β-sitosterol (BSS), a major phytosterol in plants, has been claimed for centuries to have numerous medical benefits, including bone strengthening. This study aimed to find the benefit of BSS in treating osteoporosis according to traditional methods and to investigate the protective effect of BSS on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in rats.

Carnosol inhibits osteoclastogenesis and by blocking the RANKL‑induced NF‑κB signaling pathway.

Bone homeostasis is maintained by osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast‑mediated bone formation. Disruption of bone homeostasis due to excessive osteoclastogenesis or reduced osteogenesis results in various disorders, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis. Receptor activator of NF‑κB ligand (RANKL) stimulation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway is essential in osteoclastogenesis.

Research Progress of Exosomes in Bone Diseases: Mechanism, Diagnosis and Therapy.

With the global escalation of the aging process, the number of patients with bone diseases is increasing year by year. Currently, there are limited effective treatments for bone diseases. Exosome, as a vital medium in cell-cell communication, can mediate tissue metabolism through the paracrine transmission of various cargos (proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.

Exosome-Laden Hydrogels: A Novel Cell-free Strategy for Bone Tissue Regeneration.

bone tissue regeneration, which harnesses cell external microenvironment and their regenerative potential to induce cell functions and bone reconstruction through some special properties of biomaterials, has been deeply developed. In which, hydrogel was widely applied due to its 3D network structure with high water absorption and mimicking native extracellular matrix (ECM). Additionally, exosomes can participate in a variety of physiological processes such as cell differentiation, angiogenesis and tissue repair.

Antibody-conjugated gold nanoparticles as nanotransducers for second near-infrared photo-stimulation of neurons in rats.

Infrared neural stimulation with the assistance of photothermal transducers holds great promise as a mini-invasive neural modulation modality. Optical nanoparticles with the absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) window have emerged as excellent photothermal transducers due to their good biocompatibility, surface modifiability, and tunable optical absorption. However, poor activation efficiency and limited stimulation depth are main predicaments encountered in the neural stimulation mediated by these nanoparticles.

Synergistic Effect of Micro-Nano-Hybrid Surfaces and Sr Doping on the Osteogenic and Angiogenic Capacity of Hydroxyapatite Bioceramics Scaffolds.

Background: The synergistic effect of chemical element doping and surface modification is considered a novel way to regulate cell biological responses and improve the osteoinductive ability of biomaterials.

Methods: Hydroxyapatite (HAp) bioceramics with micro-nano-hybrid (a mixture of microrods and nanorods) surfaces and different strontium (Sr) doping contents of 2.5, 5, 10, and 20% (Sr-mnHAp, x: 2.

Effects of urolithin A on osteoclast differentiation induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand via bone morphogenic protein 2.

Urolithin A (UA) is an intestinal microbial metabolite derived from ellagitannins and a promising agent for treating osteoarthritis. However, its effects on osteoporosis are unclear. This study explored the effects of urolithin A (UA) on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclasts and its underlying molecular mechanisms.