Systolic and diastolic dysfunction is exacerbated by age and spinal cord injury in male and female mice with central nervous system serotonin deficiency.

The present study was designed to explore whether the depletion of serotonin (5-HT) in the central nervous system (CNS) leads to systolic and diastolic dysfunction and whether this dysfunction is exacerbated by sex, age and spinal cord injury. Echocardiographic assessment of systolic and diastolic function was completed in young and old male and female tryptophan hydroxylase 2 knockout (TPH2) and wild-type (TPH2) mice with intact spinal cords, as well as in C spinal cord hemisected young TPH2 and TPH2 mice. In addition, lumbar sympathetic nervous system activity was recorded in elderly male and female intact TPH2 and TPH2 mice.

Quantitative Change of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Leading to Final Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Loss in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Receiving Nucleos(t)ide Analogs in China.

Introduction: Loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is the pivotal component of functional cure in patients suffering from chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The predictive value of quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) in HBsAg loss among those undergoing nucleos(t)ide analog (NAs) therapy is an area of ongoing investigation.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using electronic medical records was performed.

Lesion-specific coronary artery calcium score to predict stent underexpansion.

Background: Previous intracoronary imaging studies have shown that coronary artery calcium (CAC) is an independent risk factor of stent underexpansion; however, limited preintervention assessments of CAC have been performed using noninvasive methods. We aimed to determine the association between lesion-specific CAC score and stent underexpansion.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we included 416 lesions from 359 patients who underwent intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided stent implantation.

Reversing regulatory safeguards: Targeting the ATR pathway to overcome PARP inhibitor resistance.

The development of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) is widely considered a therapeutic milestone in the management of BRCA1/2-deficient malignancies. Since a growing number of cancer treatment guidelines include PARPis, the inevitably emerging PARPi resistance becomes a serious limitation that must be addressed. Targeting the DNA damage response signaling kinase, ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and rad3-related serine/threonine kinase), activated in response to PARPi-induced replication stress, represents a promising approach in fighting PARPi-resistant cancers.

Anatomic characteristics of the lacrimal sac and adjacent bony structures-a computed tomographic-dacryocystography research.

Aim: To describe the anatomic characteristics of the lacrimal sac and its adjacent bone structures and to provide surgical recommendations for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EN-DCR).

Methods: This retrospective comparative study involved 118 sides with complete nasolacrimal duct obstruction and 83 unaffected sides from 126 patients. Computed tomographic-dacryocystography (CT-DCG) scans were performed before lacrimal surgery, and image reconstruction was used to obtain continuous 0.

Ultraviolet-A-transparent aluminum-doped zinc oxide thin film electrodes by pulsed laser deposition.

The optoelectronics industry eagerly demands high-performance and low-cost ultraviolet (UV)-transparent electrodes to increase the efficiency of UV devices. However, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) is rarely considered a candidate for UV-transparent electrodes. Herein, this work fabricates AZO films by pulsed laser deposition and shows the potential of these films as UVA (320-400 nm)-transparent electrodes with Haacke's figure of merit up to ∼3.

Self-assembled monolayers for tin perovskite solar cells: challenges and opportunities.

Large-scale implementation of emerging halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been restrained by environmental and health concerns stemming from the use of lead in their composition. In contrast, tin perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) have been widely recognized as viable alternatives owing to their ideal optical band gap, high carrier mobility and excellent optoelectronic properties. However, TPSCs encounter significant open-circuit voltage () deficits due to the spontaneous oxidation of Sn and uncontrolled crystallization process.

Cellular Spatial Sensing Determines Cell Mechanotransduction Activity on the Aligned Nanofibers.

The geometric properties of extracellular matrix (ECM) fibers play a crucial role in regulating cellular behaviors and functions. Although extensive research has examined the effects of fiber alignment, conflicting results have often arisen, leaving the precise mechanisms by which electrospun fiber alignment affects cellular behavior still unclear. This study investigates how the arrangement of polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun fiber substrates affects cellular mechanosensing by modulating cell positioning.

A Natural Antioxidant Organic Material Modifying the Buried Interface To Regulate the Photovoltaic Performance and Stability of Pure Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.

Despite showing great potential in lead-free green energy, tin-based perovskite materials still face challenges such as inherent material instability and energy level misalignment with the hole transport layer (HTL), which limits the advancement of tin-based perovskite solar cells (Sn-PSCs). In this work, a natural antioxidant organic small molecule, thiolactic acid (TA), is used to modify the interface between PEDOT:PSS and the tin-based perovskite film. The TA molecule can cross-link to form a network polymer and regulate the microstructure and photoelectrical characteristics of PEDOT:PSS.

Preoperative denosumab combined with microwave ablation for joint preservation in advanced giant cell tumor of bone: a retrospective study.

Background: Preoperative denosumab has been an essential part of the management of giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) which enhanced subchondral bone integrity and facilitated joint preservation surgery. However, evidence suggests that denosumab-induced sclerotic changes may potentially increase the risk of postoperative recurrence. This study evaluates the efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) as an adjuvant to intralesional curettage following denosumab treatment in advanced GCTB.

Comparative effects of selenium-enriched lactobacilli and selenium-enriched yeast on performance, egg selenium enrichment, antioxidant capacity, and ileal microbiota in laying hens.

Background: Organic selenium (Se) has gained recognition in poultry nutrition as a feed additive to boost production and Se deposition in eggs and tissues, owing to its high bioavailability, efficient tissue accumulation and minimal toxicity. Selenium-enriched yeast (SeY) is a well-established source, while selenium-enriched lactobacilli (SeL), a newer alternative, offers the added benefits of probiotics. This study examined the effects of SeY and SeL on egg quality, antioxidant capacity, Se deposition, and gut health in laying hens.

Multi-omics integration analysis of the amino-acid metabolism-related genes identifies putatively causal variants of ACCS associated with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma survival.

Background: Amino acid metabolism (AAM) reprogramming plays a crucial role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its genetic pathophysiology was not fully elucidated. Therefore, we employed a summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) approach to identify putative causal effects of the AAM-related genes on hepatitis B virus (HBV)-HCC survival via integrating multi-omics data.

Methods: Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate associations between genetic variants of AAM-related genes and overall survival (OS) of HBV-HCC patients (n = 866).

Tandem-controlled lysosomal assembly of nanofibres induces pyroptosis for cancer immunotherapy.

Pyroptosis has emerged as a promising approach for cancer immunotherapy. However, current pyroptosis inducers lack specificity for cancer cells and have a weak antitumour immune response. Here we report a tumour-specific nanoparticle (NP-NH-D) that activates pyroptosis by disrupting lysosomes for cancer immunotherapy.

The indirect L-valleys splitting inductive optical gain variation of nanowires caused by [110] direction uniaxial stress.

We calculate the band structures of nanowires under the [110] direction stress via the effective-mass theory. Interestingly, it is found that octuple equivalent indirect L-valleys can be split into -valleys and -valleys with quadruple degeneracy by the imposed stress, which results in the inflection point of electron filling ratio at the direct -valley whether Sn content is low or high. Moreover, the optical gain along the z direction will not only appear an inflection point, but also can be enhanced several times with the increase of the stress, which will be much greater than that along the x direction.

Perfluoroalkylated benzoic acid-based phase-selective supramolecular self-assembly system for dye removal.

In this study, perfluoroalkylated derivatives of benzoic acid S-6 and O-6 were designed and synthesized as supramolecular gelators using a simple one-step method. Both S-6 and O-6 could form gels in various organic solvents. Notably, these compounds have potential applications in environmental remediation, with S-6 demonstrating significant promise for oil spill treatment.

Sustained-Release HS Nanospheres Regulate the Inflammatory Microenvironment of Wounds, Promote Angiogenesis and Collagen Deposition, and Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing.

Diabetic wounds are blocked in the inflammatory stage, growth factors are degraded, and blood vessels are difficult to regenerate, leading to continuous necrosis and nonhealing of the wound. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) plays an important role in the pathophysiological process of wound healing and has a long history of treating skin diseases. Although the sulfide salt solution is the preferred donor of exogenous HS, its rapid release rate, excess production, and difficulty in accurately controlling the dose limit its use.

Ammonia-oxidizing activity and microbial structure of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, ammonia-oxidizing archaea and complete ammonia oxidizers in biofilm systems with different salinities.

Ammonia-oxidizing activity of different ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs), such as ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and complete ammonia oxidizers (comammoxs), were investigated by adding the inhibitors such as 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide, octyne, and KCLO in biofilm systems with different salinities. It was found that the ammonia-oxidizing activity of all AOMs gradually decreased with increasing salinity. The ammonia-oxidizing activity of AOB was consistently higher than those of AOA and comammox at different salinities.

Metabolic restoration: Rhubarb polysaccharides as a shield against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) accounts for remarkable burden of death and costs worldwide with no recommended pharmacological intervention for the clinical management. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of rhubarb-derived polysaccharides (RP) in mitigating high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD and to analyze the primary monosaccharide components of RP. Forty male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to a dietary intervention consisting of either a high fat or chow diet for a duration of 12 weeks.

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals distinct plasma cell populations in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Background: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) presents challenges due to its complex pathobiology. Although numerous studies have reported heterogeneous cell types by single-cell RNA sequencing, the atlas and characteristics of plasma cells remain poorly understood.

Objectives: To identify the altered phenotype and differentiation patterns of plasma cells in CTEPH.

Labor values affect depression and anxiety: The mediating role of bonding and social competence.

Background: Labor value is the basic view and attitude of human to labor, which has a profound influence on the overall development of individuals. However, the long-term neglect of labor education in schools has exerted a negative influence on students' labor values. This not only affects their academic performance,but can also lead to mental health issues such as depression and anxiety.

Visual immunosensor assay with double T line for on-site sensitive fipronil pesticide detection in water, soil and honeysuckle.

Fipronil (FPN) is one of widely used pesticides in the fields of plants cultivation and animal husbandry, caused widespread pollution in multiple environmental media including water, soil, and plants, posing serious risks to ecological environment and human health. However, the complexity of environmental substrates and low pesticide content pose challenges for their detection. To overcome these challenges, the development of high specificity, convenient, and broad-applicability rapid detection methods is crucial.

Characterization of the Expression and Role of Striatin-Interacting Protein 2 in Mouse Cochlea.

Hypothesis: In this study, we aimed to examine the cochlear expression pattern and function of Striatin-interacting protein 2 (STRIP2) by using animal models.

Background: Sensorineural hearing loss often results from genetic defects in hair cell (HC) development and function. STRIP2 is a part of the striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex, which plays important regulatory roles in cell fate determination, proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, and cell morphology.

Cuprous-Sulfide-Nanoplate-Catalyzed Click Chemistry for In Situ Construction of Covalent Organic Polymer Heterostructures for Efficient Photocatalytic Reduction and Removal of U(VI).

In this study, a core-shell heterostructure of cuprous sulfide (CuS) nanoplates and covalent organic polymers (COPs) (CuS@COP) was constructed in situ by a CuS-catalyzed azide-alkyne reaction for efficient reduction and rapid removal of U(VI) from uranium mine wastewater. The simple in situ synthesis of heterojunctions through click chemistry reactions can create a tight bond at the interface and evade the laborious process of conventional composites. The different Fermi energy levels of CuS and COP induce the formation of a built-in electric field within the core-shell heterojunction, and the photogenerated charge transfer from the COP to CuS nanoplate results in a substantial boost in the efficiency of the photocatalytic reduction of U(VI).

Amidoxime-Functionalized sp-Carbon-Conjugated Covalent Organic Frameworks for Overall Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production.

Cyano-functionalized sp-carbon-conjugated covalent organic frameworks (CN-COFs) have been considered as promising candidates for artificial photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (HO). Nevertheless, the performance of CN-COFs is inherently limited by constrained oxygen capture capacity, insufficient charge separation, and rapid carrier recombination. Herein, the study rationally reports a strategy for integrating amidoxime groups (AO) into a COF through one-step cyano hydrolysis process to increase photocatalytic HO production.

Role of the Transcription Factor FoxO in Type 2 Diabetes and Its Complications.

FoxO proteins represent a subfamily of the forkhead box family (Fox) superfamily of proteins. It is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, oxidative stress, apoptosis as well as tumors and metabolic disorders by regulating cellular functions. This paper aims to summarize the role of the transcription factor FoxO in type 2 diabetes and its complications, which may add to the potential of FoxO as a therapeutic target for future research.