Exposure to organophosphates, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, and pentachlorophenol: Spatial variations in urinary biomarkers and associations with oxidative stress based on a repeated-measure study.

It is important to identify priority regions regarding contaminant exposure, especially for environmental epidemiological studies. Whereas very few studies explored spatial variations in concentrations of multiple insecticide metabolites in the general population, as well as their relationship with oxidative stress biomarkers (OSBs). We determined related target analytes in urine samples (n = 850) from 425 healthy adults in six cities of China during both autumn and winter.

The synergistic effect of high temperature and relative humidity on non-accidental deaths at different urbanization levels.

Numerous studies have examined the impact of temperature on mortality, yet research on the combined effect of temperature and humidity on non-accidental deaths remains limited. This study investigates the synergistic impact of high temperature and humidity on non-accidental deaths in China, assessing the influence of urban development and urbanization level. Utilizing the distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) of quasi-Poisson regression, we analyzed the relationship between Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) and non-accidental deaths in 30 Chinese cities from 2010 to 2016, including Guangzhou during 2012-2016.

Exploring particle concentrations and inside-to-outside ratios in vehicles: A real-time road test study.

In transportation microenvironments, humans exposed to particulate matter (PM) inside vehicles can experience higher levels of daily exposure. To make inside-vehicle PM exposure measurements more feasible and easy under real driving conditions, and to quantify the relationship between the concentrations and influencing factors, we assessed PM, PM, and PM levels. Additionally, we collected key influencing factors to develop predictive models.

Measurement of haloacetic acids in human urine samples from six megacities of China using a refined detection method.

Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are common disinfection by-products in chlorine disinfected water. Humans are extensively exposed to them. However, nationwide biomonitoring data were not available for any country.

Understanding the time-activity pattern to improve the measurement of personal exposure: An exploratory and experimental research.

Although ambient fine particulate matter (PM) concentrations and their components are commonly used as proxies for personal exposure monitoring, developing an accurate and cost-effective method to use these proxies for personal exposure measurement continues to pose a significant challenge. Herein, we propose a scenario-based exposure model to precisely estimate personal exposure level of heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) using scenario HMs concentrations and time-activity patterns. Personal exposure levels and ambient pollution levels for PM and HMs differed significantly with corresponding personal/ambient ratios of approximately 2, and exposure scenarios could narrow the assessment error gap by 26.

Mapping the personal PM exposure of China's population using random forest.

Ambient monitoring may cause estimation errors, and wearable monitoring is expensive and labor-intensive when assessing PM personal exposure. Estimation errors have limited the development of exposure science and environmental epidemiology. Thus, we developed a scenario-based exposure (SBE) model that covered 8 outdoor exposure scenarios and 1 indoor scenario with corresponding time-activity patterns in Baoding City.

Heavy metals in daily meals and food ingredients in the Yangtze River Delta and their probabilistic health risk assessment.

Heavy metal exposure via food consumption is inadequately investigated and deserves considerable attention. We collected hundreds of food ingredients and daily meals and assessed their probabilistic health risk using a Monte Carlo simulation based on an ingestion rate investigation. The detected concentrations of four heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Pb, and Hg) in all daily meal samples were within the limits stipulated in the National Food Safety Standard (GB 2762-2017), while that for As level was excessive in 0.

Reliability and accuracy analysis of time-weighted average exposure to heavy metals based on personal exposure.

Time-weighted average (TWA) exposure has been used as a surrogate for personal air exposure in some large-scale studies. However, the uncertainties of TWA exposure remain to be determined, although its boundedness has been widely recognized. This study aims to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of TWA exposure based on personal exposure.

[Characteristics of Heavy Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk Evaluation of Indoor Dust from Urban and Rural Areas in Taiyuan City During the Heating Season].

The presence of heavy metals in indoor dust is a world-wide concern owing to its negative impact on humans. In this study, we collected indoor dust samples from urban and rural residential areas during the heating season in Taiyuan City. We then identified the concentrations of 11 heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Pb, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, V, As, and Hg) using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.

[Influence of PM Pollution on Health Burden and Economic Loss in China].

Research on health and the economic losses caused by PM pollution nationwide is critical for pollution control planning. First, the spatiotemporal distribution of PM and exposure levels were simulated and analyzed using the air quality model (WRF-Chem) in China in 2016. Then, the health burden and economic loss caused by PM pollution were estimated using environmental health risk and environmental value assessment methods.

Association of fine particulate matter with glucose and lipid metabolism: a longitudinal study in young adults.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate whether PM exposure in a highly polluted area (>100 µg/m) affects glucose and lipid metabolism in healthy adults.

Methods: We recruited 110 healthy adults in Baoding city, Hebei, China, and followed them up between 2017 and 2018. Personal air samplers were used to monitor personal PM levels.

Contribution of Temperature Increase to Restrain the Transmission of COVID-19.

The COVID-19 outbreak has already become a global pandemic and containing this rapid worldwide transmission is of great challenge. The impacts of temperature and humidity on the COVID-19 transmission rate are still under discussion. Here, we elucidated these relationships by utilizing two unique scenarios, repeated measurement and natural experiment, using the COVID-19 cases reported from January 23 - February 21, 2020, in China.

Internal metal(loid)s are potentially involved in the association between ambient fine particulate matter and blood pressure: A repeated-measurement study in north China.

The effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM) exposure on blood pressure have been widely reported. However, there remains uncertainty regarding the underlying roles of particulate matter components. We aimed to investigate the association between ambient PM exposure and blood pressure, as well as the potential effects of trace metal(loid)s, in a repeated-measurement study that enrolled women of childbearing age.

Characteristics, source apportionment and health risk assessment of heavy metals exposure via household dust from six cities in China.

To investigate the characteristics and health risks of heavy metals in household dust in urban and rural areas during heating and non-heating period in 2016-2017, 762 dust samples and 381 questionnaires from 381 households were collected from Dalian, Taiyuan, Lanzhou, Shanghai, Wuhan, and Chengdu in China. The results indicated that Dalian was the most polluted city, while Shanghai and Chengdu were the least polluted cities during the study period. Longer ventilation times led to higher concentrations of heavy metals, and the weighting of heating duration exceeded that of heating type.

Premature mortality attributable to PM pollution in China during 2008-2016: Underlying causes and responses to emission reductions.

Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) poses a great threat to public health in China. To this end, the Chinese government promulgated the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (the Action Plan) in 2013. However, the health benefits of the Action Plan have not been well explained.

Association between exposure to fine particulate matter and obesity in children: A national representative cross-sectional study in China.

Background: Childhood obesity is a global health issue, and limited evidence suggests that air pollution may be a contributing factor. This study aims to examine whether exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is associated with obesity status in a nationally representative sample of schoolchildren in China.

Methods: The study population consisted of 41,439 schoolchildren of 6-17 years old, recruited from 30 provinces in China using a multi-stage stratified sampling method.

Direct Transformation of Glycerol to Propanal using Zirconium Phosphate-Supported Bimetallic Catalysts.

Selective transformation of glycerol to propanal (PA) provides a feasible route towards the sustainable synthesis of high value-added chemicals. In this work, zirconium phosphate (ZrP) was studied as support and Ru and Co as metal sites for glycerol hydrogenolysis in a continuous-flow reactor. It was found that ZrP-supported Co-O species had a moderate selectivity to PA (49.

Specific differences and responses to reductions for premature mortality attributable to ambient PM in China.

Although recent assessments have quantified the impact of ambient PM on public health in China, air quality managers would benefit from assessing specific differences in premature mortality and its responses to air quality improvement. Using PM data simulated by an observation-fused air quality model and an integrated exposure-response model for the full range of PM, we determined the premature mortality attributable to ambient PM across mainland China in 2016. Overall, the total number of PM-related deaths nationwide was 1.

A nationwide study of the occurrence and distribution of atrazine and its degradates in tap water and groundwater in China: Assessment of human exposure potential.

Despite frequent detection of atrazine (ATZ) and its degradates (including hydroxyatrazine, ATZ-OH; deethylatrazine, DEA; deisopropylatrazine, DIA; and deethyldeisopropylatrazine, DACT) in a variety of water bodies, documentation of their occurrence and distribution in tap water in China is still scarce. A nationwide survey about ATZ and its degradates (ATZs) in tap water from 31 provinces in 7 regions of mainland China and Hong Kong was conducted during June 2019. At least one of the analytes was found in all the water samples (n = 884).

Efforts in reducing air pollution exposure risk in China: State versus individuals.

China has made great efforts towards air pollutant concentration control during the past five years, which has led to positive outcomes. However, air pollutant concentration focused efforts were considered separately from human exposure risk. And this might result in a misunderstanding that reducing exposure risk can only rely on the national level measures of air pollutant control.

The effects of air pollution and meteorological factors on measles cases in Lanzhou, China.

By collecting daily data on measles cases, air pollutants, and meteorological data from 2005 to 2009 in Chengguan District of Lanzhou City, semi-parametric generalized additive model (GAM) was used to quantitatively study the impact of air pollutants and meteorological factors on daily measles cases. The results showed that air pollutants and meteorological factors had effect on the number of daily measles cases, and there was a certain lag effect. Except for SO and relative humidity, other factors showed statistically significant associations with daily measles cases: NO lag 6 days, PM and maximum temperature lag 5 days, minimum temperature and average temperature and average air pressure lag 4 days, visibility, and wind speed lag 3 days had the greatest impact on the number of daily measles cases.

Population based Air Pollution Exposure and its influence factors by Integrating Air Dispersion Modeling with GIS Spatial Analysis.

Air pollution is a major environmental health problem. The study of interaction between air pollution and human will benefit to the human health and well-being of community. Both a model for assessing population relative risk of air pollution exposure (MAPRRAPE) and air pollution concentration methods were applied in a case study to determine the optimal method in evaluating risk of population exposure to Sulfur Dioxide (SO).

Assessment of residents' total environmental exposure to heavy metals in China.

Heavy metal pollution in the air, water, and soil has attracted substantial interest recently; however, assessment of the total human environmental exposure remains limited. Therefore, determining the total human environmental exposure is imperative for the management and control of heavy metal pollution. This study assessed the total environmental exposure levels of heavy metals as well as the exposure contributions of air, water, and soil, focusing on Hg, Cd, As, Pb, and Cr.

Patterns and sociodemographic determinants of water intake by children in China: results from the first national population-based survey.

Purpose: Accurate data on water and beverage intakes are essential for assessing hydration adequacy and setting proper guidelines. The objective of this study is to identify the patterns and sociodemographic determinants of water intake and to assess the intake adequacy for children in China.

Methods: The study team recruited 41,439 children aged 6-17 years using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method.

Air pollution intervention and life-saving effect in China.

As a critical air pollutant, PM is proved to be associated with numerous adverse health impacts and pose serious challenges to human life. This situation is especially important for China as the most populous and one of the heaviest PM polluted country in the world. However, health burden estimations reported for China in previous studies may be biased due to the usage of PM concentrations at a coarsely spatial resolution, as well as the ignorance of the spatial discrepancies of parameters (e.