Photoanode/Electrolyte Interface Modification for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution in CuSnS Dots-Sensitized Solar PEC Cells.

It is proven through transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis that solar sensitizer CuSnS (CTS) dots prepared via the hot-injection route are nonspherical, polyhedral nanocrystals with the size of ∼11 nm. CTS dots were deposited into a porous TiO layer to form CTS/TiO, an effective type II heterojunction in photoanodes. The electronic and energy band structures of TiO and CTS were studied by the plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential method based on density functional theory (DFT) and verified by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy.

Integrative genomic analysis identifies unique immune environments associated with immunotherapy response in diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

Most diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients treated with bispecific antibodies (BsAb) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells fail to achieve durable treatment responses, underscoring the need for a deeper understanding of mechanisms that regulate the immune environment and response to treatment. Here, an integrative, multi-omic approach was employed to characterize DLBCL immune environments, which effectively segregated DLBCLs into four quadrants - termed DLBCL-immune quadrants (IQ) - defined by cell-of-origin and immune-related gene set expression scores. Recurrent genomic alterations were enriched in each IQ, suggesting that lymphoma cell-intrinsic alterations contribute to orchestrating unique DLBCL immune environments.

T-cell States, Repertoire, and Function in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Revealed through Single-Cell Analyses.

The classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) environment is comprised of a dense and complex immune cell infiltrate interspersed with rare malignant Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells. HRS cells are actively surveilled by endogenous T cells, but data linking phenotypic and functional T-cell states with clonality at the single-cell level in cHL is lacking. To address this knowledge gap, we performed paired single-cell RNA and T-cell receptor sequencing on 14 cHL and 5 reactive lymphoid tissue specimens.

A Rare Case of Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Right Submandibular Gland.

Basal cell adenocarcinoma of the submandibular gland is an extremely rare carcinoma of the salivary gland that originates from the basal cells of the submandibular gland. Due to its rarity, there are relatively few case reports and literature on this cancer. After comprehensive clinical, imaging, and pathologic analyses, we confirmed the patient's diagnosis and documented the consultation in detail.

Trans-vaccenic acid reprograms CD8 T cells and anti-tumour immunity.

Diet-derived nutrients are inextricably linked to human physiology by providing energy and biosynthetic building blocks and by functioning as regulatory molecules. However, the mechanisms by which circulating nutrients in the human body influence specific physiological processes remain largely unknown. Here we use a blood nutrient compound library-based screening approach to demonstrate that dietary trans-vaccenic acid (TVA) directly promotes effector CD8 T cell function and anti-tumour immunity in vivo.

TIGIT is a key inhibitory checkpoint receptor in lymphoma.

Background: PD-1 checkpoint blockade therapy (CBT) has greatly benefited patients with select solid tumors and lymphomas but has limited efficacy against diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Because numerous inhibitory checkpoint receptors have been implicated in driving tumor-specific T cell dysfunction, we hypothesized that combinatorial CBT would enhance the activity of anti-PD-1-based therapy in DLBCL. T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) is a coinhibitory receptor expressed on dysfunctional tumor-infiltrating T cells, and TIGIT blockade has demonstrated encouraging activity in combination with PD-1 blockade in murine tumor models and in clinical studies.

AVPR2 is a potential prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To explore the potential of AVPR2 in the immunotherapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), thus providing insights into a novel antitumour strategy.

Methods: In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the AVPR2 gene in HNSCC using public datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. We explored the potential molecular mechanism of HNSCC in clinical prognosis and tumour immunity from the aspects of gene expression, prognosis, immune subtypes, and immune infiltration.

[Effect of origin, tree age, and harvesting time on content of flavonoids and terpene lactones in Ginkgo Folium].

The content of total flavonol glycosides in Ginkgo Folium in the planting bases was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The samples were extracted by reflux with methanol-25% hydrochloric acid.The HPLC conditions were as follows: Agilent ZORBAX SB-C_(18) column(4.

Bioaccumulation of 35 metal(loid)s in organs of a freshwater mussel (Hyriopsis cumingii) and environmental implications in Poyang Lake, China.

Benthic bioaccumulation of hazardous materials has been a great challenge to the health of lake ecosystems. As representative benthic macroinvertebrates, freshwater mussels and their accumulation characteristics have been regarded as effective indicators for assessing potential risks induced by sedimentary metal(loid)s in lakes. Here we profile organ-specific accumulation of 35 metal(loid)s in a freshwater mussel (Hyriopsis cumingii) and their correlations to metal speciation in sediments of Poyang Lake, the largest lake of China.

Dendritic cells can prime anti-tumor CD8 T cell responses through major histocompatibility complex cross-dressing.

Antigen cross-presentation, wherein dendritic cells (DCs) present exogenous antigen on major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) molecules, is considered the primary mechanism by which DCs initiate tumor-specific CD8 T cell responses. Here, we demonstrate that MHC-I cross-dressing, an antigen presentation pathway in which DCs acquire and display intact tumor-derived peptide:MHC-I molecules, is also important in orchestrating anti-tumor immunity. Cancer cell MHC-I expression was required for optimal CD8 T cell activation in two subcutaneous tumor models.

Antigen-Multimers: Specific, Sensitive, Precise, and Multifunctional High-Avidity CAR-Staining Reagents.

Although chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has transformed cancer treatment, high-quality and universal CAR-staining reagents are urgently required to manufacture CAR T cells, predict therapy response, decipher CAR biology, and engineer new CARs. Here, we developed tetrameric and dodecameric forms of a multifunctional and extensible category of high-avidity CAR-staining reagents: antigen-multimers. Antigen-multimers detected CARs against CD19, HER2, and Tn-glycoside with significantly higher specificity, sensitivity, and precision than existing reagents.

Acute myeloid leukemia cell membrane-coated nanoparticles for cancer vaccination immunotherapy.

Cancer vaccines are promising treatments to prevent relapse after chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, particularly for those who cannot tolerate intensive consolidation therapies. Here, we report the development of an AML cell membrane-coated nanoparticle (AMCNP) vaccine platform, in which immune-stimulatory adjuvant-loaded nanoparticles are coated with leukemic cell membrane material. This AMCNP vaccination strategy stimulates leukemia-specific immune responses by co-delivering membrane-associated antigens along with adjuvants to antigen-presenting cells.

Divergent fates of antigen-specific CD8 T cell clones in mice with acute leukemia.

The existence of a dysfunctional CD8 T cell state in cancer is well established. However, the degree to which CD8 T cell fates are influenced by the context in which they encounter cognate tumor antigen is less clear. We previously demonstrated that CD8 T cells reactive to a model leukemia antigen were deleted by antigen cross-presenting type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s).

A study of the influence of lead pollution on the anticoagulant activity of Whitmania pigra based on pharmacodynamics and metabolomics research.

Whitmania pigra Whitman (leech, also called Shuizhi in China, abbreviated as SZ), which has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of blood stasis syndrome (BSS) for a long time, is vulnerable to lead pollution in aquaculture environments. SZ has good anticoagulant activity. However, there are few studies on the influence of lead pollution on it.

Comparative efficacy of five Chinese medicine injections for treating dilated cardiomyopathy with heart failure: A Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Chinese medicine injections (CMIs) are widely used by clinicians in China as an adjuvant treatment in dilated cardiomyopathy with heart failure (DCM-HF). However, comprehensive and systematic evidence supporting the beneficial effects of CMIs combined with Western medicine (WM) against DCM-HF was lacking.

Objective: This network meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of five different CMIs in the treatment of DCM-HF.

MiR-30c-5p/ATG5 Axis Regulates the Progression of Parkinson's Disease.

Serum miR-30c-5p correlates with Parkinson's disease (PD), yet its role has not been illustrated. This research analyzed the function of miR-30c-5p in PD. The behavioral evaluation was performed on MPTP-treated PD mice transfected with miR-30c-5p agomiR, antagomiR, siATG5, or 3-MA (an autophagy inhibitor).

[Determination of caffeine content in Ginkgo Folium by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry].

In this experiment, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatographytandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was established for the determination of caffeine in commercially available Ginkgo Folium. The samples were extracted by ultrasonic method with methanol, and separated on Waters CORTECS T3 column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 2.

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Shensong Yangxin Capsule-Amiodarone Combination on Heart Failure Complicated by Ventricular Arrhythmia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Shensong Yangxin capsule (SSYX) is a well-known traditional Chinese patent medicine for treating arrhythmia. Recently, a flurry of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of SSYX combined with amiodarone (SSYX-amiodarone) was reported in the treatment of heart failure (HF) complicated by ventricular arrhythmia (VA) in China. However, these RCTs have not been systematically evaluated.

Oxidized Lipoproteins Promote Resistance to Cancer Immunotherapy Independent of Patient Obesity.

Antitumor immunity is impaired in obese mice. Mechanistic insight into this observation remains sparse and whether it is recapitulated in patients with cancer is unclear because clinical studies have produced conflicting and controversial findings. We addressed this by analyzing data from patients with a diverse array of cancer types.

[Visual analysis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) studies based on bibliometrics].

To analyze the development of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), this study systematically retrieved relevant Chinese and English literatures from both CNKI and Web of Science database platforms by bibliometric research method and CiteSpace 5.5.R2 software to obtain information and visualize relevant literatures.

[Effect of lead pollution on anticoagulant effect of Whitmania pigra based on in vitro anticoagulation experiment].

Leech has a good anticoagulant activity and is one of the raw materials for treatment of many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This study was based on in vitro anticoagulant experiments( APTT and PT) to investigate the effects of lead contamination on the anticoagulant effect of leech. At present,the Hirudo circulating in the market are dominated by Whitmania pigra,therefore Wh.

Metabolomics-based study reveals the effect of lead (Pb) in the culture environment on Whitmania pigra.

Whitmania pigra, called Mahuang (MH) in Chinese, has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for many years and is susceptible to Pb exposure in aquaculture environments. To understand the impact of Pb in the culture environment on MHs, we carried out a 50-day culture of MHs in environments with different levels of Pb pollution. Then, tissue samples of MHs reared in the different Pb-polluted environments were collected and analysed by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS.

[Diversity of fungi on surface of Pheretima].

Traditional Chinese medicines( TCMs) are easily contaminated by fungi during planting,harvesting,processing,transportation and storage. The 2015 version of Chinese Pharmacopoeia stipulates the detection of aflatoxin in Dilong. After reviewing the literature,it has been found that there are no domestic and foreign scholars who have studied the surface fungi of Dilong.

The impact of food additives, artificial sweeteners and domestic hygiene products on the human gut microbiome and its fibre fermentation capacity.

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of food additives, artificial sweeteners and domestic hygiene products on the gut microbiome and fibre fermentation capacity.

Methods: Faecal samples from 13 healthy volunteers were fermented in batch cultures with food additives (maltodextrin, carboxymethyl cellulose, polysorbate-80, carrageenan-kappa, cinnamaldehyde, sodium benzoate, sodium sulphite, titanium dioxide), sweeteners (aspartame-based sweetener, sucralose, stevia) and domestic hygiene products (toothpaste and dishwashing detergent). Short-chain fatty acid production was measured with gas chromatography.