Assessing mortality risk and causes in extramammary Paget's disease: insights from a population-based study.

Background: The causes of death in extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) patients are currently unclear. The authors aimed to examine mortality patterns among current survivors of EMPD.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis utilizing data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database spanning from 2000 to 2019, focusing on patients diagnosed with EMPD.

Biomass-Based Antibacterial Hybrid Engineering Hydrogel for Efficient Solar Steam Generation.

Interfacial solar steam generation is recognized as a promising solution to alleviate the scarcity of freshwater resources owing to its utilization of clean solar energy alongside its high efficiency and minimal heat loss. Nonetheless, the utilization of solar energy for water evaporation encounters challenges, primarily manifested in low evaporation rates and efficiency. Herein, we introduced an approach involving the development of a biomass-based hybrid engineering hydrogel evaporator, denoted as CLC (chitosan and lignosulfonate sodium hybrid hydrogel with a carbon nanotube).

GPCRs in hypothalamic neurons and their roles in controlling food intake and metabolism.

G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) subtypes within the hypothalamus play a pivotal role in maintaining body homeostasis, particularly in the regulation of food intake and energy metabolism. This review provides an overview of classical loss and gain-of-function studies on GPCRs related to feeding and metabolism, with a focus on emerging cell-type-specific investigations. These studies reveal that diverse GPCR-expressing neuronal populations are intricately linked to feeding and energy balance.

ameliorated the negative effects of a low-protein diet on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and gut microbiota of laying chicks.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of adding to a low-protein diet on the growth performance, ability immune status, and intestinal microbiota of 0-21-day-old layer chickens. A total of 180 one-day-old healthy Hy-line brown laying chicks were randomly divided into three groups with three replicates each of 20 chicks. The control group was fed a basal diet containing 19% protein, the low-protein (LP) group was fed a diet containing 17% protein, and the probiotic (LPL) group was fed with the 17% protein diet supplemented with (1.

Predictive value of mNUTRIC score for chronic critical illness in patients of sepsis complicated with ARDS.

Background: To explore the predictive value of the modified NUTrition Risk in the Critically ill (mNUTRIC) for patients with sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) developing into chronic critical illness (CCI).

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 118 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Yiwu Central Hospital from January 2020 to May 2022. Patients were categorized into two groups: CCI and rapid recovery (RAP), based on the occurrence of CCI.

Novel PKD1 Mutation (c.G10086T) Drives High Intracranial Aneurysm Risk in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is frequently complicated by intracranial aneurysms (IAs). However, the genetic factors driving the elevated IA risk in ADPKD remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified a novel PKD1 mutation associated with a remarkably high IA incidence in a large Chinese ADPKD family.

Improving reliability of movement assessment in Parkinson's disease using computer vision-based automated severity estimation.

Background: Clinical assessments of motor symptoms rely on observations and subjective judgments against standardized scales, leading to variability due to confounders. Improving inter-rater agreement is essential for effective disease management.

Objective: We developed an objective rating system for Parkinson's disease (PD) that integrates computer vision (CV) and machine learning to correct potential discrepancies among raters while providing the basis for model performance to gain professional acceptance.

A Multi-Curvature Soft Gripper Based on Segmented Variable Stiffness Structure Inspired by Snake Scales.

In atypical industrial settings, soft grippers needed to adjust to different object shapes. Existing grabbers typically accommodated only single-curvature, fixed-stiffness objects, restricting their stability and usability. This study presents a design for a finger featuring multi-curvature, incorporating a wedge actuator alongside two variable stiffness units (VSUs) inspired by snake scales.

Venetoclax in combination with hypomethylating agents in newly diagnosed and relapsed β acute myeloid leukemia.

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Whole-genome sequencing reveals genetic architecture and selection signatures of Kazakh cattle.

Local cattle breeds play a critical role in breeding programs due to their genetic adaptations to diverse environmental conditions. However, the genomic architecture of local cattle breeds in Kazakhstan remains largely unexplored. This study utilized whole-genome sequencing data from Kazakh cattle to elucidate their genetic composition, uncovering three primary ancestral components: European, Eurasian, and East Asian taurine.

Light-powered self-scrolling liquid crystal elastomer crane.

Traditional liquid crystal elastomer (LCE)-based machines are constrained by the need for complex controllers and large power supplies, which limits their applicability in microrobots and other small-scale machines. In this paper, we propose a light-powered self-scrolling LCE crane, which is capable of self-scrolling to lift weights under steady light. Based on a dynamic LCE model, we derive the lateral curvature of the LCE crane and the driving moment for steady scrolling.

Hysteresis loops in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates subject to synthetic gauge fields.

We explore the hysteretic dynamics of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates of ultracold atoms loaded in static 2D ring geometries and subjected to varying synthetic magnetic fields. Electrically neutral, pseudo-spin-1/2 condensates are probed by one-component weak-link potentials that make available paths for the transit of vortices into and out of the ring in both components, and thus can control the number of flux quanta threading the ring hole. For perpendicular fields, domain walls that are dynamically generated in the relative phase of the spin components are shown to play a key role in driving the hysteretic behavior of the whole system through changes in the net magnetic flux.

Mechanics and wrinkling patterns of pressurized bent tubes.

Take a drinking straw and bend it from its ends. After sufficient bending, the tube buckles forming a kink, where the curvature is localized in a very small area. This instability, known generally as the Brazier effect, is inherent to thin-walled cylindrical shells, which are particularly ubiquitous in living systems, such as rod-shaped bacteria.

Efficient Harvesting Waste Heat by Zn-Ion Battery Under Thermally Regenerative Electrochemical Cycles.

Typical technologies that can convert waste heat into electricity include thermoelectrics, thermionic capacitors, thermo-cells, thermal charge cells, and thermally regenerative electrochemical cycles. They have small thermal-to-electrical conversion efficiency or poor stability, severely hindering the efficient recovery of waste heat. Herein, a thermally regenerative electrochemical Zn-ion battery to work under Carnot-like mode to efficiently harvest waste heat into electricity is successfully developed.

Modulatory role of exogenous arachidonic acid in periodontitis with type 2 diabetes mellitus mice.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibits a bidirectional relationship with periodontitis, wherein each condition influences the progression of the other. Arachidonic acid (AA) exerts an anti-diabetic effect, while showing a protective effect by regulating the inflammatory response independently of its metabolites. However, its impact on periodontitis with T2DM remains poorly understood.

Global burden of disease for musculoskeletal disorders in all age groups, from 2024 to 2050, and a bibliometric-based survey of the status of research in geriatrics, geriatric orthopedics, and geriatric orthopedic diseases.

Background: Orthopaedic diseases in the elderly pose a significant disease burden, and the number of research papers on the subject is increasing every year.

Methods: The GBD database was used to analyze the global disease burden of musculoskeletal disorders in all age groups from 2024 to 2050. The source for bibliometrics was the WoSCC SCI-E database.

Enzymatically responsive nanocarriers targeting PD-1 and TGF-β pathways reverse immunotherapeutic resistance and elicit robust therapeutic efficacy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized lung cancer treatment, yet resistance remains a challenge. Co-inhibition of PD-1/PD-L1 and TGF-β shows promise but faces limited efficacy and systemic toxicity. We developed gelatinase-responsive nanoparticles (GPNPs) delivering anti-PD-1 antibody (αPD-1) and TGF-β receptor I inhibitor galunisertib (Gal).

Magnetically confined surface and bulk excitons in a layered antiferromagnet.

The discovery of two-dimensional van der Waals magnets has greatly expanded our ability to create and control nanoscale quantum phases. A unique capability emerges when a two-dimensional magnet is also a semiconductor that features tightly bound excitons with large oscillator strengths that fundamentally determine the optical response and are tunable with magnetic fields. Here we report a previously unidentified type of optical excitation-a magnetic surface exciton-enabled by the antiferromagnetic spin correlations that confine excitons to the surface of CrSBr.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the panoramic picture of TOP2A in pan-cancer.

Topoisomerases are critical nuclear enzymes that resolve DNA topological challenges during genetic processes. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive multi-omics analysis of TOP2A from a pan-cancer perspective, despite its significance. A multiomics analysis was conducted to investigate TOP2A across various cancer types.

Sample size required for prognostic genes analysis in colorectal cancer.

Background: Different colorectal cancer (CRC) studies rarely report overlapping prognostic genes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sample size on prognostic genes analysis in CRC.

Methods: We included 418 CRC cases detected by whole-exome sequencing (WES) in the TCGA PanCancer cohort and 931 CRC cases detected by targeted sequencing in the MSK cohort.

Diagnostic and prognostic role of F-FDG PET/CT for sarcomatoid differentiation in renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Sarcomatoid differentiation is an invasive dedifferentiated feature of tumor and associated with poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of F-FDG PET/CT in predicting sarcomatoid differentiation in RCC and its potential prognostic value.

Results: This retrospective study assessed newly diagnosed sarcomatoid differentiation renal cell carcinoma (SDRCC) patients who were staged using F-FDG PET/CT.

SIRT6 Ameliorates Cancer Cachexia-Associated Adipose Wasting by Suppressing TNFR2 Signalling in Mice.

Background: Cachexia is a wasting syndrome associated with imbalanced energy metabolism and loss of adipose and muscle tissues and contributes to morbidity and mortality in ageing as well as in patients with severe chronic diseases, including cancer. At present, there are no treatments addressing cachexia that have reached validation to be used in the clinic. In this study, we investigate the protective role of SIRT6, an important regulator of energy homeostasis and health preservation, against Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)-induced cachexia.

Rosmarinic acid-chondroitin sulfate nanoconjugate for targeted treatment of ulcerative colitis.

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an attractive candidate for ulcerative colitis (UC) application due to its bioactive properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions, however, the poor water solubility and on-targeting hamper its therapeutic outcome. Therefore, this work reported the synthesis and preparation of novel water-soluble rosmarinic acid-chondroitin sulfate A (RA-CSA) nanoconjugate, which was used for the treatment of UC in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis mouse model. RA was functionalized with CSA as confirmed by FTIR and H NMR, and self-assembled to form nanoassemblies with a diameter of 247.