Role of HCN channels in the functions of basal ganglia and Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a motor disorder resulting from dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the substantia nigra caused by age, genetics, and environment. The disease severely impacts a patient's quality of life and can even be life-threatening. The hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel is a member of the HCN1-4 gene family and is widely expressed in basal ganglia nuclei.

Insights into the Mechanisms of Reuterin against Based on Membrane Damage and Untargeted Metabolomics.

Reuterin is a dynamic small-molecule complex produced through glycerol fermentation by and has potential as a food biopreservative. Despite its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, the underlying mechanism of action of reuterin is still elusive. The present paper aimed to explore the antibacterial mechanism of reuterin and its effects on membrane damage and the intracellular metabolome of .

Ameliorating parkinsonian motor dysfunction by targeting histamine receptors in entopeduncular nucleus-thalamus circuitry.

In Parkinson's disease (PD), reduced dopamine levels in the basal ganglia have been associated with altered neuronal firing and motor dysfunction. It remains unclear whether the altered firing rate or pattern of basal ganglia neurons leads to parkinsonism-associated motor dysfunction. In the present study, we show that increased histaminergic innervation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) in the mouse model of PD leads to activation of EPN parvalbumin (PV) neurons projecting to the thalamic motor nucleus via hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels coupled to postsynaptic HR.

Effect of visual endotracheal tube combined with bronchial occluder on pulmonary ventilation and arterial blood gas in patients undergoing thoracic surgery.

Background: To investigate the effect of visual endotracheal tube combined with bronchial occluder on pulmonary ventilation and arterial blood gas in patients undergoing thoracic surgery.

Methods: Ninety patients who underwent thoracic surgery under anesthesia and required pulmonary ventilation at our hospital from May 2020 to December 2021 were collected. The patients were divided into three groups according to different intubation methods: visual double-lumen endotracheal tube group (VDLT group), bronchial occluder group (BO group), and VDLT + BO group.

Histamine bidirectionally regulates the intrinsic excitability of parvalbumin-positive neurons in the lateral globus pallidus and promotes motor behaviour.

Background And Purpose: Parvalbumin (PV)-positive neurons are a type of neuron in the lateral globus pallidus (LGP) which plays an important role in motor control. The present study investigated the effect of histamine on LGP neurons and motor behaviour.

Experimental Approach: Histamine levels in LGP as well as its histaminergic innervation were determined through brain stimulation, microdialysis, anterograde tracing and immunostaining.

Receptor and Ionic Mechanism of Histamine on Mouse Dorsolateral Striatal Neurons.

The dorsolateral striatum (DLS) is the critical neural substrate that plays a role in motor control and motor learning. Our past study revealed a direct histaminergic projection from the tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) of the hypothalamus to the rat striatum. However, the afferent of histaminergic fibers in the mouse DLS, the effect of histamine on DLS neurons, and the underlying receptor and ionic mechanisms remain unclear.

Compensation: a contemporary regulatory machinery in cardiovascular diseases?

Both clinical and experimental findings at the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ and systematic levels have depicted the presence of a contemporary regulatory machinery namely compensation in various forms of cardiovascular diseases. Compensation is believed to be present and regulated within the scope of a biological entity and represents the initiation of dyshomeostasis. Compensation can be identified in multiple categories and organs in cardiovascular diseases at multiple levels.

Homeostasis and compensatory homeostasis: bridging Western medicine and traditional chinese medicine.

Compensation is a self-protective mechanism in diseases, which may lead to a unique form of homeostasis deviates from that in physiological conditions. The kind of compensatory homeostasis can be embodied as various degrees accompanying disease progression (denoted as compensatory degree). Compensatory homeostasis provides a window for the transition from disease to healthy state.

Genetic analysis of the P1 region of human enterovirus 71 strains and expression of the 55 F strainVP1 protein.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a member of the Entero-virus genus of the Picornaviridae family and is the major cause of Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. Different strains from Gansu were cloned and the P1 protein was sequenced and analysed. Results indicate that there are three kinds of EV71 infections prevalent in Gansu.

[Characteristics and loads of key sources of pollutions discharged into Beishi River, Changzhou City].

Choosing the Beishi river, Changzhou City as the study area, the sewage generation, pollutants characteristics and sewage discharge in catchment area of Beishi river were conducted, detailed investigated and monitored. After using pollution coefficients, the yearly loads of all sources of pollutions were calculated to determine the highest sewage. The results showed that: except pH, the high concentration of SS, COD, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen, TN and TP discharged from MSW collecting houses, MSW transfer stations, public toilets and dining in Changzhou city far exceeded the "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" (GB 8978-1996) and "Effluent Discharged into the City Sewer Water Quality Standards" (CJ 3082-1999).

Density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations of the adsorption of biomolecules on graphene surfaces.

There is increasing attention in the unique biological and medical properties of graphene, and it is expected that biomaterials incorporating graphene will be developed for the graphene-based drug delivery systems and biomedical devices. Despite the importance of biomolecules-graphene interactions, a detailed understanding of the adsorption mechanism and features of biomolecules onto the surfaces of graphene is lacking. To address this, we have performed density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) methods exploring the adsorption geometries, adsorption energies, electronic band structures, adsorption isotherms, and adsorption dynamics of l-leucine (model biomolecule)/graphene composite system.

[Heterogeneity of HIV strains isolated from different tissues of 3 AIDS patients].

Background: To reveal the characteristics of genotype and phenotype of HIV strains in blood and some tissues of AIDS patients.

Methods: The virus was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC),cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)and lymph nodes of 3 AIDS patients by coculture with PBMC stimulated by PHA for 72 hours from uninfected donor. The cytopathic effect of the HIV isolates was determined in cultured MT2 cell line.