Mechanism of miRNA-141-3p in Calcium Oxalate-Induced Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Injury via NLRP3-Mediated Pyroptosis.

Background/aims: Renal calculi represent a prevalent disorder associated with mineral deposition in renal calyces and the pelvis. Aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression is implicated in renal injury. This study investigated the mechanism of miR-141-3p in calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal-induced renal tubular epithelial cell (RTEC) injury.

Phosphatidylserine eversion regulated by phospholipid scramblase activated by TGF-β1/Smad signaling in the early stage of kidney stone formation.

The mechanism underlying phosphatidylserine eversion in renal tubule cells following calcium oxalate-mediated damage remains unclear; therefore, we investigated the effects of TGF-β1/Smad signaling on phosphatidylserine eversion in the renal tubule cell membrane during the early stage of kidney stone development. In a rat model of early stage of calcium oxalate stone formation, phosphatidylserine eversion on the renal tubular cell membrane was detected by flow cytometry, and the expression of TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1), Smad7, and phospholipid scramblase in the renal tubular cell membrane was measured by western blotting. We observed that the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway increased phosphatidylserine eversion at the organism level.

MRP-1 and BCRP Promote the Externalization of Phosphatidylserine in Oxalate-treated Renal Epithelial Cells: Implications for Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis.

Objective: To investigate the possible involvement of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP-1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in the oxalate-induced redistribution of phosphatidylserine (PS) in renal epithelial cell membranes.

Methods: A western blot analysis was used to examine the MRP-1 and BCRP expression levels. Surface-expressed PS was detected by the annexin V-binding assay.

Externalization of phosphatidylserine via multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1)/P-glycoprotein in oxalate-treated renal epithelial cells: implications for calcium oxalate urolithiasis.

Objectives: We investigated the possible involvement of multidrug resistance protein 1 P-glycoprotein (MDR1 P-gp) in the oxalate-induced redistribution of phosphatidylserine in renal epithelial cell membranes.

Methods: Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to examine MDR1 expression in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively, whereas surface-expressed phosphatidylserine was detected by the annexin V-binding assay.

Results: Oxalate treatment resulted in increased synthesis of MDR1, which resulted in phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization in the renal epithelial cell membrane.

The utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization for diagnosis and surveillance of bladder urothelial carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical value of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for diagnosis and surveillance of bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC).

Materials And Methods: Between November 2010 and December 2013, patients suspected of having BUC were examined using urine cytology and FISH assay. Based on histopathological examination results, FISH results were com­pared with urine cytology.

Oxalate impairs aminophospholipid translocase activity in renal epithelial cells via oxidative stress: implications for calcium oxalate urolithiasis.

Purpose: We evaluated the possible involvement of phospholipid transporters and reactive oxygen species in the oxalate induced redistribution of renal epithelial cell phosphatidylserine.

Materials And Methods: Madin-Darby canine kidney cells were labeled with the fluorescent phospholipid NBD-PS in the inner or outer leaflet of the plasma membrane and then exposed to oxalate in the presence or absence of antioxidant. This probe was tracked using a fluorescent quenching assay to assess the bidirectional transmembrane movement of phosphatidylserine.

Expressions of voltage-gated K+ channel 2.1 and 2.2 in rat bladder with detrusor hyperreflexia.

Background: Voltage-gated K+ channel (Kv) plays a critical role in the modulation of detrusor contraction. This study was conducted to investigate the expressions of Kv2.1 and Kv2.

Effects of alcohol intake on penile structure and function in rats.

Objective: To investigate the effects of alcohol intake on penile structure and function in rats.

Methods: Thirty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group and alcohol intake group. They were administered with 2 mL of normal saline and 40% alcohol solution respectively through gastric tubes every day.

[Relationship between ethanol intake and sexual function in rats].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the intake of ethanol and sexual function of rats.

Methods: Sixty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: the control, 10% , 20% , 30% and 40 ethanol groups, which received. .

[The effect of ethanol on sexual function of males and its mechanism].

Though an adequate volume of ethanol relieves nervousness and enhances sexual desire,long term and excessive intake of ethanol can induce sexual dysfunction. The reasons that ethanol results in sexual dysfunction are as follows: ethanol inhibits the hypothalamo-pituitary-testes axis and decreases serum testosterone level. The decline of smooth muscle, choline acetyltransferase and nitric oxide synthase in the penis may be responsible for it.

[The dynamic effects of allogenic transplantations with the bladder acellular matrix grafts of rabbits].

Objective: To study the dynamic effects of allogenic transplantations with the bladder acellular matrix grafts (BAMG) of rabbits.

Methods: Hemi-cystectomies were performed in 25 rabbits, and the defects were repaired with BAMG about half bladder size. The rabbits underwent postoperative assessment of bladder function at 8 weeks, including cystometry, vesical volume, vesical compliance and cystography.