Heterogeneously elevated branched-chain/aromatic amino acids among new-onset type-2 diabetes mellitus patients are potentially skewed diabetes predictors.

Background: The lack of specific predictors for type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) severely impacts early intervention/prevention efforts. Elevated branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs: Isoleucine, leucine, valine) and aromatic amino acids (AAAs: Tyrosine, tryptophan, phenylalanine)) show high sensitivity and specificity in predicting diabetes in animals and predict T2DM 10-19 years before T2DM onset in clinical studies. However, improvement is needed to support its clinical utility.

Effects of osthole on osteoporotic rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context: Cusson (Apiaceae) has been used in traditional Asian medicine for thousands of years. Recent studies showed its active compound, osthole, had a good effect on osteoporosis. But there was no comprehensive analysis.

Direct Observation of Oxidation Reaction via Closed Bipolar Electrode-Anodic Electrochemiluminescence Protocol: Structural Property and Sensing Applications.

In this work, we developed an innovative closed bipolar electrode (BPE)-electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing strategy with generality for target detection. Based on charge balance and 100% current efficiency between the closed BPE poles and the driving electrodes, one of the driving electrodes in one cell of the closed BPE system was employed as ECL sensing surface to reflect the target on the BPE pole in the opposite cell. Compared with traditional BPE-ECL sensing method, which in general adopted the anodic ECL reagents such as Ru(bpy) and its coreactant on one pole (anode) to reflect the target (occurring reduction reaction) on the other pole (cathode), the difference was that the targets occurring oxidation reaction could be detected by the anodic ECL reagents based on this strategy.

A new C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloid from the roots of Aconitum duclouxii.

A new C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloid, ducloudine F (1), was obtained from the roots of Aconitum duclouxii, along with eight known alkaloids (2-9) isolated from this species for the first time. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. The antimicrobial activities of these compounds were investigated.

[Optimizing management on degraded grassland in Xilin River Basin based on ecological risk assessment].

By the methods of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS), and based on the estimations of degradation degree, risk degree and easy-restoration degree of degraded grasslands, an ecological management index (EMI) model of grassland was established to approach the practical ways of optimizing management of degraded grassland. A case study in the Xilin River Basin of Inner Mongolia showed that this model could quantitatively analyze the degradation degree, risk degree and easy-restoration degree of the grasslands under different optimizing management levels, which was of significance for applying rational measures with pertinence, and beneficial to the optimal allocation of resources during the management of degraded grassland. The EMI model could integrate most concerned information, which made it applicable widely.